Fire Safety and Fire Resistance of Building Structures and Timber Constructions

2013 ◽  
pp. 177-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roza Aseeva ◽  
Boris Serkov ◽  
Andrey Sivenkov
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Timber Constructions

The concept of calculating the actual limit of fire resistance of building structures

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Юрий Николаевич Шебеко ◽  
Алексей Юрьевич Шебеко
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Fire Temperature ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Actual Fire

Проведен краткий анализ понятий, связанных с расчетом пределов огнестойкости строительных конструкций. Дано определение термина «фактический предел огнестойкости», которое отсутствует в нормативных документах по пожарной безопасности. Отмечено, что это связано с использованием на практике значений пределов огнестойкости, определенных для стандартных температурных режимов пожара, в то время как на практике указанные температурные режимы, как правило, отличаются от стандартных. Предложена концепция определения фактического предела огнестойкости, основанная на моделировании воздействия на строительную конструкцию температурного режима реального пожара (например, с помощью программного комплекса FDS 6). The brief analysis of definitions connected with estimation of fire resistance limits of building structures is conducted. There is given the determination of term “actual fire resistance limit” that is absent in fire safety normative documents. It is caused by practical application of the fire resistance limits determined for standard temperature regimes of fires only, but at the same time the temperature regimes of real fires as a rule differ from the standard regimes. There is proposed the method for determination of the actual fire resistance limit based on the modeling of influence of the real fire temperature regime on buildings structures. This modeling can be made by an application of CFD methods (for example, with the help of FDS 6 software complex). The required reliability of the building structure is considered. The proposed method can solve the problem of practical applicability of certain structural unit during designing buildings and structures, for which the use of the resistance limits obtained for the standard fire temperature regimes can lead to unjustified economic expenditures without an appropriate elevation of fire safety level of the object.

scholarly journals FIRE RESISTANCE OF BUILDING STRUCTURES OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS STORES

Fire Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
O. I. Bashynskiy ◽  
M. Z. Peleshko ◽  
T. G. Berezhanskiy
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Combustible Liquids

The article is dedicated to the fire resistance limit of building structures of the objects for the storage of flammable and combustible liquids. Today, oil stores are very important elements of the oil supply system in Ukraine. The analysis of literary sources has shown that fires in oil stores cause extra fire hazard of surrounding objects. Increasing of their scales requires further improvement of fire safety measures during planning and using of oil stores. Fires in such buildings are tricky and large; they cause great harm and often lead to the death of people; their liquidation is very difficult. Theoretical calculations shown that the collapse of structures of the packaged oil stores and, as a result, significant material losses and the threat to people's life and health, were resulted from the incorrect selection of building structures and the discrepancy between the fire resistance of these structures and the applicable norms and requirements for such buildings. Fire Safety, №34, 2019 9 Fire resistance limit of the metal double-T pillar made of steel ВСт3пс4 (profile size number 30) was calculated in the article. Such constructions are used in oil stores. The obtained fire resistance limit of a metal double-T pillar is about 16 minutes (R 16). According to the normative documents for buildings of this type (the degree of fire resistance of the building – III), it should be 120 minutes (R 120). Even if the calculation method has an error due to the choice of another steel grade, objectively none of the double-T profiles from the assortment list would provide proper fire resistance limit.

How does concrete strength affect the fire resistance?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
Eva Lubloy
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Strength Class ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Upper Limit

Purpose The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of concrete strength on the fire resistance of structures. At first, it may seem contradictory that higher concrete strengths can decrease the fire resistance of building structures. However, if the strength of the concrete exceeds a maximum value, the risk of spalling (the detachment of the concrete surface) significantly. Design/methodology/approach Prefabricated structural elements are often produced with higher strength. The higher concrete strengths generally do not cause a reduction in the load bearing capacity, but it can have serious consequences in case of structural fire design. Results of two prefabricated elements, namely, one slab (TT shaped panel) and one single layer wall panel, were examined. Results of the specimen with the originally designed composition and a specimen with modified concrete composition were examined, were polymer fibres were added to prevent spalling. Findings As a result of the experiments, more strict regulations in the standards the author is suggested including more strict regulations in the standards. It has been proved that to ensure the fire safety of the reinforced concrete structures, it is required after polymer fibres even in lower concrete strength class than prescribed by the standard. In addition, during the classification and evaluation of structures, it is advisable to introduce an upper limit of allowed concrete strength for fire safety reasons. Originality/value As a result of the experiments, the author suggests including more strict regulations in the standards. It has been proved that to ensure the fire safety of the reinforced concrete structures, it is necessary to require the addition of polymer fibres even in lower concrete strength class than prescribed by the standard. In addition, during the classification and evaluation of structures, it is advisable to introduce an upper limit of allowed concrete strength for fire safety reasons.

A comparative analysis of the requirements of Russia and the United States to the fire resistance of building structures of oil refineries and petrochemical plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
B. A. Klementev ◽  
A. V. Kalach ◽  
M. V. Gravit
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Energy Complex

Introduction. Currently, national standards and codes of practice contain deterministic values of the fire resistance of building structures of facilities of the Russian fuel and energy complex (FEC), while a probabilistic approach to determining their fire resistance is not specified in the Russian regulatory documents. The methodology of the probabilistic approach to the fire resistance of structures is detailed in API 2218 “Fireproofing Practices in Petroleum and Petrochemical Processing Plants”, developed by the American Petroleum Institute.Methods. A comparative analysis of the Russian regulatory documents on fire safety and API 2218 in terms of the established concepts of fireproofing and requirements for the fire resistance limits of building structures of oil and gas industry facilities, is carried out.Results. It was established that the Russian Federation has no regulatory documents establishing methods based on the probabilistic approach, including determination of the required fire resistance limits and points of application of fire-resistant coatings at facilities of the fuel and energy complex by analogy with international standard API 2218.Conclusion. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that approaches to the philosophy of the fire resistance of structures of buildings and structures of the fuel and energy complex in the documents under consideration are fundamentally different. In order to improve the Russian regulatory and technical framework, governing fire safety and fire resistance, it is proposed to consider the requirements of foreign documents that take into account proven international engineering and technical practices, in particular, the use of a probabilistic approach taking into account hydrocarbon fires.

scholarly journals Problematic issues of quality, certification and tests of fire-fighting technical production

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 14023
Author(s):  
Tatiana Eremina ◽  
Mikhail Nesterov ◽  
Dmitry Korolchenko ◽  
Anatoly Giletich
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Quality Certification ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Technical Production ◽  
Technical Regulations

The paper analyzes the compliance of products with the requirements of the "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements". In the conditions of rapid growth of industry, production and output of products using new technologies with the use of new substances and materials, there is a need for the state and society to respond adequately to all kinds of risks that may arise in the use of products, especially if such products are subject to mandatory requirements. One of the types of such products is fireproof paints, varnishes and coatings - Fire Retardant Coatings (hereinafter – FRC). Application of FRC is based on increasing the fire resistance of building structures to the level regulated by the existing regulations depending on the degree of fire resistance of the building. Frequently, problems with FRC quality are only detected at the stage of checking the performance of fire protection works when applying FRC which do not meet the fire safety requirements.

scholarly journals Overview of software designated for the analysis of fire resistance of building structures exposed to various fire models

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Eremina ◽  
D. A. Korolchenko
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Detector Response ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Safety Assurance ◽  
Fire Models ◽  
Classification Evaluation ◽  
Number Of Iterations

Introduction. When analyzing the fire safety of a facility, the conformity of actual limits of fire resistance of structures to the requirements of statutory documents is checked. Due to the complexity of the equations describing real systems and an extensive number of iterations required to obtain accurate results, software is used to perform calculations. One of the main goals of the paper is to analyze the software designated for the analysis of the fire resistance of building structures in case of different fire models. The paper presents an analysis of the criteria for the evaluation of software programs and their classification, evaluation of recommendations for choosing fire safety software in compliance with the specific requirements of users.Main (analytical) part. The paper analyzes various models of fires, taking into account the stages of fire spread, thermal and mechanical effects on structures exposed to fire, and prerequisites for their use by the software designated for the analysis of the fire resistance of building structures. Fire resistance models of structures, zone and field models, as well as models used to calculate evacuation time and detector response time when solving related problems are considered. The classification of software programmes is analyzed subject to the type of problems to be solved: the behavior of a structure exposed to high temperatures and mechanical impacts in case of real fire, and requirements applicable to safe structures. Certain estimates and assumptions, necessary for specialists to use software in their calculations, are considered.Conclusions. Recommendations on the choice of fire safety assurance software, meeting the specific needs of users, are provided.

scholarly journals Possibilities of modern software complexes in simulation fire protection of constructions structures with Sofistik

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 03026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Gravit ◽  
Vladimir Lyulikov ◽  
Alina Fatkullina
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Temperature Regimes

The review of modern software systems that allow producing modeling and calculation of fire resistance of building structures, as well as simulating fire protection, is given. Particular attention is paid to the software Sofistik, which allows you to synchronize with Autodesk Revit and calculate the fire protection of building structures for various temperature regimes.

scholarly journals Analysis of the results of a survey on a residential building after a gas explosion and fire

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 08014
Author(s):  
Dmitry Panfilov ◽  
Alexander Zaitsev ◽  
Evgeny Yudin
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Gas Explosion ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Gas Explosions ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies

The paper analyzes the statistics on household gas explosions and subsequent fires in the residential sector. The results of a survey of a residential building after a gas explosion and a real fire are presented in order to determine the possibility of its restoration and further operation. The results of the necessary experimental and theoretical studies are presented. Examples of the use of foreign experience in the study of fire resistance of building structures are given. The results obtained were used in the development of recommendations for the possibility of restoration of the house and during the necessary construction and finishing works.

Comparison of Requirements in Slovak and Selected Foreign Legislation on the Issue of Safe Distance of the Wooden Building Structures from the Flue

2016 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 396-401
Author(s):  
Zuzana Lišková ◽  
Juraj Olbřímek
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Safe Distance ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Fire Safety Design

The paper deals with the solution of interconnections of flue and combustible construction products in the fire safety design. It is focused mainly on a prescribed value of safe distance of the wooden building construction from a single-walled metal chimneys. The aim of article is to point out the necessity to solve the contradictory requirements in the Slovak legislation and inconsistency with the foreign regulations in terms of fire rates caused by chimneys and flues.

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