Interplay Between Redox Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress in the Perspective of Ovarian and Cervical Cancer Immunopathogenesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Saurav Kumar ◽  
Vaishali Mulchandani ◽  
Anurag Banerjee ◽  
Jayasri Das Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Redox Regulation and Oxidative Stress: The Particular Case of the Stallion Spermatozoa

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando J. Peña ◽  
Cristian O’Flaherty ◽  
José M. Ortiz Rodríguez ◽  
Francisco E. Martín Cano ◽  
Gemma L. Gaitskell-Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Redox Biology ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Redox regulation and oxidative stress have become areas of major interest in spermatology. Alteration of redox homeostasis is recognized as a significant cause of male factor infertility and is behind the damage that spermatozoa experience after freezing and thawing or conservation in a liquid state. While for a long time, oxidative stress was just considered an overproduction of reactive oxygen species, nowadays it is considered as a consequence of redox deregulation. Many essential aspects of spermatozoa functionality are redox regulated, with reversible oxidation of thiols in cysteine residues of key proteins acting as an “on–off” switch controlling sperm function. However, if deregulation occurs, these residues may experience irreversible oxidation and oxidative stress, leading to malfunction and ultimately death of the spermatozoa. Stallion spermatozoa are “professional producers” of reactive oxygen species due to their intense mitochondrial activity, and thus sophisticated systems to control redox homeostasis are also characteristic of the spermatozoa in the horse. As a result, and combined with the fact that embryos can easily be collected in this species, horses are a good model for the study of redox biology in the spermatozoa and its impact on the embryo.

scholarly journals Alterations in Energy Metabolism, Mitochondrial Function and Redox Homeostasis in GK Diabetic Rat Tissues Treated with Aspirin

Life ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Annie John ◽  
Layla Amiri ◽  
Jasmin Shafarin ◽  
Saeed Tariq ◽  
Ernest Adeghate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Gk Rats ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Our recent studies have demonstrated that aspirin treatment prevents inflammatory and oxidative stress-induced alterations in mitochondrial function, improves glucose tolerance and pancreatic endocrine function and preserves tissue-specific glutathione (GSH)-dependent redox homeostasis in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) diabetic rats. In the current study, we have investigated the mechanism of action of aspirin in maintaining mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox metabolism in the liver and kidneys of GK rats. Aspirin reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress-induced changes in GSH metabolism. Aspirin treatment also improved mitochondrial respiratory function and energy metabolism, in addition to regulating the expression of cell signaling proteins that were altered in diabetic animals. Ultrastructural electron microscopy studies revealed decreased accumulation of glycogen in the liver of aspirin-treated diabetic rats. Hypertrophic podocytes with irregular fusion of foot processes in the renal glomerulus and detached microvilli, condensed nuclei and degenerated mitochondria observed in the proximal convoluted tubules of GK rats were partially restored by aspirin. These results provide additional evidence to support our previous observation of moderation of diabetic complications by aspirin treatment in GK rats and may have implications for cautious use of aspirin in the therapeutic management of diabetes.

scholarly journals Redox Regulation and Oxidative Stress: The Particular Case of the Stallion Spermatozoa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Juan Peña Vega ◽  
Cristian O'Flaherty ◽  
Jose M. Ortiz Rodríguez ◽  
Francisco E. Martín Cano ◽  
Gemma L. Gaitskell-Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Redox Biology ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Redox regulation and oxidative stress have become areas of major interest in spermatology. Alteration of redox homeostasis is recognized as a significant cause of male factor infertility and is behind the damage that spermatozoa experience after freezing and thawing or conservation in a liquid state. While for a long time, oxidative stress was just considered an overproduction of ROS, nowadays it is considered as a consequence of redox deregulation. Many essential aspects of spermatozoa functionality are redox regulated, with reversible oxidation of thiols in cysteine residues of key proteins acting as an “on-off” switch controlling spermatic function. However, if deregulation occurs, these residues may experience irreversible oxidation and oxidative stress leading to spermatic malfunction and ultimately death. Stallion spermatozoa are “professional producers” of ROS due to their intense mitochondrial activity, and thus sophisticated systems to control redox homeostasis are also characteristic of this species. As a result, combined with the fact that embryos can easily be collected in this species, horses are a good model for the study of redox biology in the spermatozoa and its impact on the embryo.

scholarly journals Synchronization and interaction of proline, ascorbate and oxidative stress pathways under abiotic stress combination in tomato plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Lopez-Delacalle ◽  
Christian J Silva ◽  
Teresa C Mestre ◽  
Vicente Martinez ◽  
Barbara Blanco-Ulate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Basic Leucine Zipper ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Leucine Zipper Domain ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

ABSTRACTAdverse environmental conditions have a devastating impact on plant productivity. In nature, multiple abiotic stresses occur simultaneously, and plants have evolved unique responses to cope against this combination of stresses. Here, we coupled genome-wide transcriptional profiling and untargeted metabolomics with physiological and biochemical analyses to characterize the effect of salinity and heat applied in combination on the metabolism of tomato plants. Our results demonstrate that this combination of stresses causes a unique reprogramming of metabolic pathways, including changes in the expression of 1,388 genes and the accumulation of 568 molecular features. Pathway enrichment analysis of transcript and metabolite data indicated that the proline and ascorbate pathways act synchronously to maintain cellular redox homeostasis, which was supported by measurements of enzymatic activity and oxidative stress markers. We also identified key transcription factors from the basic Leucine Zipper Domain (bZIP), Zinc Finger Cysteine-2/Histidine-2 (C2H2) and Trihelix families that are likely regulators of the identified up-regulated genes under salinity+heat combination. Our results expand the current understanding of how plants acclimate to environmental stresses in combination and unveils the synergy between key cellular metabolic pathways for effective ROS detoxification. Our study opens the door to elucidating the different signaling mechanisms for stress tolerance.HIGHLIGHTSThe combination of salinity and heat causes a unique reprogramming of tomato metabolic pathways by changing the expression of specific genes and metabolic features.Proline and ascorbate pathways act synchronously to maintain cellular redox homeostasisKey transcription factors from the basic Leucine Zipper Domain (bZIP), Zinc Finger Cysteine-2/Histidine-2 (C2H2) and Trihelix families were identified as putative regulators of the identified up-regulated genes under salinity and heat combination.

scholarly journals New Insights in the Pathogenesis of HPV Infection and the Associated Carcinogenic Processes: The Role of Chronic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Roxana Georgescu ◽  
Cristina Iulia Mitran ◽  
Madalina Irina Mitran ◽  
Constantin Caruntu ◽  
Maria Isabela Sarbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
E6 And E7 ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small double-stranded DNA virus with tropism for epithelial cells. To this date, over 150 genotypes are known and are classified into two major groups, low-risk and high-risk strains, depending on the ability of the virus to induce malignant transformation. The host’s immunity plays a central role in the course of the infection; therefore, it may not be clinically manifest or may produce various benign or malignant lesions. The pathogenic mechanisms are complex and incompletely elucidated. Recent research suggests the role of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in the pathogenesis of HPV infection and the associated carcinogenic processes. Chronic inflammation induces OS, which in turn promotes the perpetuation of the inflammatory process resulting in the release of numerous molecules which cause cell damage. Reactive oxygen species exert a harmful effect on proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Viral oncogenes E5, E6, and E7 are involved in the development of chronic inflammation through various mechanisms. In addition, HPV may interfere with redox homeostasis of host cells, inducing OS which may be involved in the persistence of the infection and play a certain role in viral integration and promotion of carcinogenesis. Knowledge regarding the interplay between chronic inflammation and OS in the pathogenesis of HPV infection and HPV-induced carcinogenesis has important consequences on the development of new therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals NUPR1: A Critical Regulator of the Antioxidant System

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3670
Author(s):  
Can Huang ◽  
Patricia Santofimia-Castaño ◽  
Juan Iovanna
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a small intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) activated in response to various types of cellular stress, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mainly produced during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and directly impact redox homeostasis and oxidative stress. Ferroptosis is a ROS-dependent programmed cell death driven by an iron-mediated redox reaction. Substantial evidence supports a maintenance role of the stress-inducible protein NUPR1 on cancer cell metabolism that confers chemotherapeutic resistance by upregulating mitochondrial function-associated genes and various antioxidant genes in cancer cells. NUPR1, identified as an antagonist of ferroptosis, plays an important role in redox reactions. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanism behind the observed impact of NUPR1 on mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, iron metabolism, and the antioxidant system. The therapeutic potential of genetic or pharmacological inhibition of NUPR1 in cancer is also discussed. Understanding the role of NUPR1 in the antioxidant system and the mechanisms behind its regulation of ferroptosis may promote the development of more efficacious strategies for cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Effects of ibogaine per os treatment on redox homeostasis in rat kidney

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Teodora Vidonja-Uzelac ◽  
Nikola Tatalovic ◽  
Milica Mijovic ◽  
Aleksandra Nikolic-Kokic ◽  
Zorana Orescanin-Dusic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Kidney Morphology ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Our previous results showed that a single oral dose (1 or 20 mg/kg body weight) of the anti-addiction agent ibogaine induced in rats 6 and 24 h after administration glycogenolytic activity in hepatocytes, followed by a mild oxidative stress. In this work, we examined the in vivo effect of the same doses of ibogaine on rat kidney morphology, antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutases (SOD1 and 2), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione- S-transferase) activities, and oxidative stress (TBARS) and redox (-SH groups) parameters. The dose of 1 mg/kg ibogaine induced an elevation in SOD1 activity and decreased GR activity after 6 and 24 h. GR activity was decreased at 6 and 24 h after 20 mg/kg ibogaine administration, suggesting changed redox homeostasis. After 24 h, we observed an increase in moderate morphological changes, without changes in urinalyses, indicating that kidney function was not measurably affected. Nevertheless, kidney-function monitoring during and following ibogaine use in human subjects is advisable.

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