Effect of Irradiation Time, Solvent to Solid Ratio and Power on Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Colubrina asiatica

2021 ◽  
pp. 311-322
Author(s):  
Nurul Nadrah Mohd Zabidi ◽  
Eraricar Salleh ◽  
Norhayati Pa’e ◽  
Yanti Maslina Mohd Jusoh ◽  
Khairul Azly Zahan
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Study on Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Radix astragali

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 1634-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Liang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Radix Astragali ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Orthogonal Test Design

In this study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was employed for the extraction of polysaccharides from Radix Astragali (PRA). The extraction parameters that influenced the extraction yield of PRA were optimized by orthogonal test design. The results showed that the optimal MAE conditions were as followings: liquid-solid ratio of 18 ml/g, irradiation time of 8 min, irradiation power of 300 W and extraction temperature of 65°C, while extraction yield of PRA was 8.39 %. The developed MAE method provided a good alternative for the extraction of PRA.

Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of carotenoids from Citrus clementina peels

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahcene Kadi ◽  
Hafid Boudries ◽  
Mostapha Bachir-bey ◽  
Mohand Teffane ◽  
Abdeslem Taibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Power ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Citrus Clementina ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Hexane Concentration

Background: Citrus fruits, especially clementines, are among the most consumed fruits in the world. Clementine consists of pulp (endocarp) and peel (epicarp) which are rich in carotenoids. After using fruit pulp, peels are usually discarded as waste; the valorization of the latter in the recovery of its beneficial components, mainly carotenoids, may seem to be important. Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the optimal conditions allowing the extraction of a high carotenoids yield from clementine peels. Methods: The microwave-assisted extraction method (MAE) was applied for extraction of total carotenoids from Citrus clementina peels, and the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the influence of extraction parameters, including hexane concentration, microwave power, irradiation time, and solvent to solid ratio, on the extraction yield, then the results were modeled using a second order regression. Total carotenoids yield of clementine peel extract obtained under optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions was compared to extracts performed using two conventional extraction methods (maceration and Soxhlet). Results: The optimal conditions for microwave-assisted extraction were 68% of hexane concentration using 561 W of microwave power during 7.64 min of irradiation time, 43 ml/g of solvent-to-solid ratio using two successive extractions. Under optimized conditions of microwave-assisted extraction, the recovery of carotenoid content was 186.55 µg/g dry matter (DM), which was higher than that obtained by the two conventional methods, maceration extraction (ME; 160.53 µg/g DM) and Soxhlet extraction (SE; 162.68 µg/g DM). Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that microwave-assisted extraction is an efficient method for carotenoid recovery and considering its high yield in reduced time, it could be recommended for extraction of these bioactive compounds from clementine peels.

Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Chlorophyll from Filter Mud of Sugercane Mill and Component Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 430-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Rong Guo ◽  
Shao Ying Ma ◽  
Xiao Fei Wang ◽  
Er Fang Ren ◽  
Yuan Yuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Conventional Extraction ◽  
Filter Mud ◽  
Strong Absorption Peak

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was used to extract chlorophylls from filter mud. Ethanol was used as the solvent. The optimal conditions for the MAE of chlorophylls were concluded from the study as the irradiation time, 50 s, the ratio of liquid to solid, 8:1 (mL/g), the extraction temperature, 40 °C, and the extraction time, 60 min. Compared with conventional extraction, the MAE of chlorophylls from the filter mud was more effective. The extraction time for MAE was 60 min with 0.277 mg/g chlorophyll yield, while conventional extraction needed 240 min with only about 0.259 mg/g chlorophyll yield. The Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of the extracted chlorophylls showed that there was a strong absorption peak at about 663 nm. C=N, Mg-N and C-N was not seen existed from the infrared spectroscopy probably because that the mixed extracts were not purified and the chlorophyll content was less.

scholarly journals Microwave-assisted extraction of non-polar compounds from pistachio hull and characterization of extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. Özbek ◽  
D. Koçak Yanık ◽  
S. Fadıloğlu ◽  
H. Keskin Çavdar ◽  
F. Göğüş
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Power ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Soxhlet and microwave assisted extraction (MAE) methods were used to obtain non-polar compounds from pistachio hull. MAE parameters (liquid to solid ratio, microwave power, and extraction time) were studied to obtain maximum extraction yield. The optimal conditions were found to be liquid to solid ratio of 15:1 (v/w), microwave power of 250 W and extraction time of 12.5 min. The extraction yields were 9.81 and 9.50% for MAE and Soxhlet methods, respectively. The total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and tocopherol content of the extract obtained by MAE was found to be significantly higher than those of the Soxhlet extract (p < 0.05). The results showed that the extract contained α-tocopherols (567.65 mg/kg) and oleic acid (48.46%) as the major tocopherols and fatty acids. These findings propose that hull extracts can be considered as a good source of natural bioactive compounds and MAE can be a good alternative to the traditional Soxhlet method.

Microwave-assisted extraction for recovery of polyphenolic antioxidants from ripe mango (Mangifera indica L.) peel using lactic acid/sodium acetate deep eutectic mixtures

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Bhushan T Pal ◽  
Girirajsinh C Jadeja
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Mango Peel

The present study investigates recovery of polyphenolic compounds from ripe mango ( Mangifera indica L.) peel using deep eutectic solvents based on microwave-assisted extraction method. Lactic acid/sodium acetate/water (3:1:4) screened out from eight different types of deep eutectic solvent systems was used as extractant. A Box–Behnken design along with response surface methodology was applied to optimize the effect of microwave power (W), time (min), and liquid-to-solid ratio (mL g−1) on polyphenol extraction. The optimized conditions determined were power of 436.45 W, time of 19.66 min, and liquid-to-solid ratio of 59.82 mL g−1. Under the optimal conditions, the recovery of total phenolic content, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity was 56.17 mg gallic acid equivalent g−1 dw, 683.27 µmol ascorbic acid equivalent g−1 dw, and 82.64 DPPHsc%, respectively. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed mangiferin as the prominent phenolic compound in the mango peel extracts. Microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction showed remarkable effects on the extraction efficiency of phenolic compounds as revealed from scanning electron microscopy analysis. Rancimat test results revealed that the oxidative stability almost doubled upon addition of purified mango peel extracts to the sunflower oil and thus paving way for the use of mango peel waste as a potential source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Microwave – Assisted Extraction of Chlorogenic Acid from Coffee liberica L

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Q. Borja ◽  
Marylou M Uy ◽  
Jose Salvador Lim ◽  
Matthew Edson Ong ◽  
Alejandro Miguel Ros
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Taguchi Design ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solvent Concentration ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Effect On Yield

This study applied microwave-assisted extraction of chlorogenic acid (CGA) from Coffee liberica L. using ethanol as solvent. It sought to determine the effects of temperature, extraction time, solvent-to-solid ratio, and solvent concentration on the CGA yield expressed as gallic acid equivalent per litre (mg GAE L-1). The values of these factors were varied at three levels each and experiments were implemented using the L934 orthogonal array of the Taguchi design of experiment. Results showed that increasing the solvent-to-solid ratio from 2.5 to 7.5 mL g--1decreased the yield significantly. Conversely, increasing the solvent concentration from 0.6 to 0.7 (v v-1) increased the yield, but beyond this, lower yield was obtained. Likewise, yield increased when the extraction time was increased from 5 to 7 minutes but decreased subsequently when extraction was extended to 10 minutes. Temperature did not show significant effect on yield. Among the factors tested the solvent- to-solid ratio has the most significant effect on yield, followed by solvent concentration and extraction time while temperature had no significant effect. In the Taguchi design the highest yield of 304.90±0.58 mg GAE L-1 was obtained at 90°C, extraction time of 7 minutes, solvent-to-solid ratio of 2.5 mL g-1 and solvent concentration of 0.8 (v v-1). Using the same extraction temperature and time and solvent-to-solid ratio but lower solvent concentration, the confirmatory run resulted is significantly higher yield of 854.35±3.35 mg GAE L-1. Chlorogenic acid was identified in the extract at a concentration of 3152 mg L-1. By applying Soxhlet extraction using the same solvent concentration and solvent-to-solid ratio at the same temperature as that of the confirmatory run the yield was significantly lower at 570.42±5.3 mg GAE L-1.

scholarly journals Optimization of the microwave assisted extraction and biological activities of polyphenols from lemon verbena leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-177
Author(s):  
Zohra Touati ◽  
Menana Guemghar ◽  
Kenza Bedjaoui ◽  
Nabila Emilia Djerrada ◽  
Kahina Djaoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Lemon Verbena

The present study aims to optimize the extraction of phenolics by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) using the response surface methodology (RSM), from Lemon verbena leaves. The optimized extract was tested for its antioxidant activity using two methods (DPPH and reducing power) and its antibacterial efficiency by using disk diffusion assay and broth microdilution, against two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633) strains. Under the optimized conditions (40% (v/v): of ethanol concentration, 188 s of irradiation time, 600 W of microwave power and 1:40 g/mL of solid-to-liquid ratio) the total phenolic content (TPC) was 67.87±1.61 mg GAE/g DW. The IC50 of the extract was 139.65±1.44 µg/mL and 56.60±2.79 µg/mL for DPPH inhibition and reducing power, respectively. The best antibacterial activity was shown by the extract obtained by MAE with lower MBC (1.56 to 18.75 mg/mL) and MBC/MIC ratio. Lemon verbena extract can be used as an ingredient in cosmetics, food supplements and herbal medicinal products due to its interesting biological properties.

scholarly journals Microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from pineapple peel

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Noorzetty Akhtar Zakaria ◽  
Roshanida A. Rahman ◽  
Dayang Norulfairuz Abang Zaidel ◽  
Daniel Joe Dailin ◽  
Mazura Jusoh
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Power ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Pineapple Peel

Pineapple peel has the potential to become one of the sources for pectin production due to the high content of pectin in its dietary fibre composition. Pectin is used as food thickener, emulsifier, stabiliser and gelling agent in food industry. The conventional extraction process with long operating hours at high temperature has been identified to cause thermal degradation of pectin molecules. Microwave technology application in pectin extraction has shown high potential to expedite the extraction process and produce higher yield. Therefore, this research was intended to investigate the effect of various factors (irradiation time, pH, temperature, microwave power and solid-to-solvent (S/S) ratio) of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) on the pineapple peel pectin (PPP) yield. Pectin extracted was then analysed for its dry weight yield percentage and degree of esterification (DE). It was shown that the pectin yield was significantly affected by pH, S/S ratio and microwave power. From this study, no significant effect of irradiation time was observed from 2.5 min until 20 min to the yield of pectin, thus longer time of extraction is not necessary in MAE. The highest yield of PPP obtained was in the range of 2.27 to 2.79% w/w at pH 2.0 and S/S ratio of 1:20. The result of DE (63.93 ± 0.30%) indicated that PPP is categorized in high methoxyl pectin (HMP) pectin type because the DE values were greater than 50%. This study showed that MAE is highly potential for extraction of high yield of PPP.

scholarly journals Optimization of Ionic Liquid Based Simultaneous Ultrasonic- and Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Rutin and Quercetin from Leaves of Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) by Response Surface Methodology

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjian Zhao ◽  
Zhicheng Lu ◽  
Chunying Li ◽  
Xin He ◽  
Zhao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Influential Parameters

An ionic liquids based simultaneous ultrasonic and microwave assisted extraction (ILs-UMAE) method has been proposed for the extraction of rutin (RU), quercetin (QU), from velvetleaf leaves. The influential parameters of the ILs-UMAE were optimized by the single factor and the central composite design (CCD) experiments. A 2.00 M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C4mim]Br) was used as the experimental ionic liquid, extraction temperature 60°C, extraction time 12 min, liquid-solid ratio 32 mL/g, microwave power of 534 W, and a fixed ultrasonic power of 50 W. Compared to conventional heating reflux extraction (HRE), the RU and QU extraction yields obtained by ILs-UMAE were, respectively, 5.49 mg/g and 0.27 mg/g, which increased, respectively, 2.01-fold and 2.34-fold with the recoveries that were in the range of 97.62–102.36% for RU and 97.33–102.21% for QU with RSDs lower than 3.2% under the optimized UMAE conditions. In addition, the shorter extraction time was used in ILs-UMAE, compared with HRE. Therefore, ILs-UMAE was a rapid and an efficient method for the extraction of RU and QU from the leaves of velvetleaf.

scholarly journals Application of Ionic Liquids in the Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Pectin from Lemon Peels

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Guolin ◽  
Shi Jeffrey ◽  
Zhang Kai ◽  
Huang Xiaolan
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Scanning Electron

Microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from lemon peels by using ionic liquid as alternative solvent was investigated. The extracted pectin was detected by Fourier transform infrared spectra. The extraction conditions were optimized through the different experiments in conjunction with the response surface methodology. A pectin yield of 24.68 % was obtained under the optimal parameters: the extraction temperature of 88°C, the extraction time of 9.6 min, and a liquid-solid ratio of 22.7 ml⋅g-1. The structure of the pretreated lemon peel samples and the samples after microwave-assisted extraction were characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscope.

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