Chemical Characterization of Used Cooking Oil Foaming Agent as Admixture in Foamed Concrete

This work has investigated the reusability of silica-titania in various temperatures (50 – 70°C) of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil. The reused silica-titania catalyst collected from silica-titania catalyst waste produced from the process of separating the catalyst from biodiesel products from palm oil and used cooking oil at various temperatures. The 1st and 2nd reused SiO2-TiO2 were characterized by DR UV-Vis and the spectra were deconvoluted for calculate the fraction of titanium in tetrahedral coordination. In addition the biodiesel products were characterized using FTIR, and several properties of biodiesel such as density, flow rate and acid value were analyzed in order to get the information about catalytic activity reused SiO2-TiO2. The results show the titanium tetrahedral fraction in reused catalyst (1st) and (2nd) are found to be 24,98% and 24.65%, respectively. The FTIR characterization of biodiesel products and waste cooking oil are almost similar. The analysis of waste cooking oil converted to biodiesel shows an optimum temperature of 50oC that at this temperature the lowest density or highest flow rate gave highest conversion of 47.82% using BCR1 and 39.13% using BCR2.

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Morphology of Formulated Used Cooking Oil Foam (FUSCOF) Created for Lightweight Greencrete

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.701.270 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 701 ◽

pp. 270-274

Author(s):

M.M.A. Hafiz ◽

A.R.M. Ridzuan ◽

A.M. Faiza ◽

Mohd Fadzil Arshad ◽

J. Nurliza

Keyword(s):

Major Element ◽

Lightweight Concrete ◽

Mix Design ◽

Curing Process ◽

Foaming Agent ◽

Morphology Study ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Used Cooking Oil ◽

Ambient Curing ◽

Lightweight Foam

This paper presents the potential of utilizing used cooking oil as a foaming agent in the production of lightweight concrete. This morphology study is to observe the development of Fuscof as foam agent in lightweight greencrete after ambient curing process. Foam formulated was produced derived by utilization the waste of used cooking oil. The mortar phase of FUSCOF lightweight greencrete was formed. Then, the material morphology of the lightweight greencrete was analysis by using FESEM. The morphology of FUSCOF greecrete was then compared with a lightweight foam produced from commercial synthetic foam agent. The water cement ration has been determined for this mix design is 0.6. The density of FUSCOF lightweight greencrete was 1200. The age of the ambient curing process was varied between ±30-day and ±60-day. The maturation of the mortar was observed. As a result, the major element was Calcium, Ca has been detected by EDAX.

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Development and Characterization of “Green Open-Cell Polyurethane Foams” with Reduced Flammability

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13235459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (23) ◽

pp. 5459 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Kurańska ◽

Hynek Beneš ◽

Kamila Sałasińska ◽

Aleksander Prociak ◽

Elżbieta Malewska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardants ◽

Cell Structure ◽

Polyurethane Foams ◽

Triethyl Phosphate ◽

Waste Oil ◽

Open Cell ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Used Cooking Oil

This work presents the cell structure and selected properties of polyurethane (PUR) foams, based on two types of hydroxylated used cooking oil and additionally modified with three different flame retardants. Bio-polyols from municipal waste oil with different chemical structures were obtained by transesterification with triethanolamine (UCO_TEA) and diethylene glycol (UCO_DEG). Next, these bio-polyols were used to prepare open-cell polyurethane foams of very low apparent densities for thermal insulation applications. In order to obtain foams with reduced flammability, the PUR systems were modified with different amounts (10–30 parts per hundred polyol by weight—php) of flame retardants: TCPP (tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate), TEP (triethyl phosphate), and DMPP (dimethyl propylphosphonate). The flame retardants caused a decrease of the PUR formulations reactivity. The apparent densities of all the foams were comparable in the range 12–15 kg/m3. The lowest coefficients of thermal conductivity were measured for the open-cell PUR foams modified with DMPP. The lowest values of heat release rate were found for the foams based on the UCO_TEA and UCO_DEG bio-polyols that were modified with 30 php of DMPP.

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Synthesis and Characterization Of K2O/MCM-41 (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41) from Lapindo Mud by Sonochemical Method for Transesterification Catalyst of Used Cooking Oil

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/3404019 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 1847-1853 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dwi Putra Wijaya ◽

Wega Trisunaryanti ◽

Triyono Kumala Dewi ◽

Muhammad Fajar Marsuki

Keyword(s):

Pore Diameter ◽

Sonochemical Method ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Used Cooking Oil ◽

Acetate Salt ◽

Hexagonal Shape ◽

Transesterification Catalyst ◽

Catalyst Lifetime ◽

Mcm 41

The MCM-41 was synthesized using CTAB as a template by sonochemical method and it was charactherized by FTIR, XRD, SAA, and TEM. Potasium was impregnated onto the MCM-41 using potasium acetate salt solution with K+ concentrations of 0.80, 1.35, 1.86, and 2.49 wt.% to produce K2O(1), K2O(2), K2O(3), and K2O(4)/MCM-41 catalysts. The K2O/MCM-41 catalysts were then analyzed by ICP and SAA. Acitivity of catalysts were evaluated in the transesterification reaction of used cooking oil at 50, 60, and 70°C for 120 min. The MCM-41 showed characteristic peaks of 2θ = 2-3°C. The TEM images showed ordered pore distribution with a hexagonal shape. The MCM-41 and K2O(4)/MCM-41 have spesific surface area of 1282.33 and 225.81 m2/g with pore diameter of 30.49 and 30.12 Å, respectively. The highest conversion of methyl ester was obtained from transesterification at 70°C using K2O(4)/MCM-41 catalyst and it was about 79.80 wt.%. Catalyst lifetime of the K2O(4)/MCM-41 for transesterification of used cooking oil was about 15.41 h.

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Synthesis of CaO@CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles and its Application as a Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Used Cooking Oil

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.851.184 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 851 ◽

pp. 184-193

Author(s):

Thutug Rahadiant Primadi ◽

Fauziatul Fajaroh ◽

Aman Santoso ◽

Nazriati ◽

Endang Ciptawati

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Free Fatty Acids ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Earth Metal ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

High Concentration ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Used Cooking Oil

Until now, used cooking oil (jelantah) has not been utilized optimally. This study seeks to convert this waste into biodiesel. Used cooking oil usually contains high concentration of free fatty acids which can be converted into methyl esters through trans-esterification by methanol. This effort is in line with the increasing need for renewable energy sources. Because the waste still contains high concentrations of free fatty acids, it is necessary to think about the right process and catalyst in converting it as biodiesel. One heterogeneous catalyst that is thought to excel in biodiesel production is ferrite-based nanocomposites, namely CaO@CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. The advantages of this catalyst are: it has high reactivity, thermal and chemical stability, and can be drawn by magnetic fields. This last property facilitates the catalyst isolation at the end of the process for recycling purposes. The catalytic power is expected to increase through impregnation with alkaline earth metal oxides which have a relatively high basicity, namely CaO. The purpose of this study was to synthesize and to characterize CaO@CoFe2O4, then to study its potential catalytic in biodiesel production from used cooking oil in various weight percent of catalyst. The main steps include: (1) synthesis of CoFe2O4 by coprecipitation; (2) Impregnation of CaO into CoFe2O4 and converted to CaO@CoFe2O4; (3) Characterization of the synthesized material by XRD, BET, and SEM/EDX; (4) application of CaO@CoFe2O4 in biodiesel production from used cooking oil; (5) characterization of biodiesel produced by viscosity measurement, yield and GC-MS analysis results. Based on the results of XRD and SEM/EDX analysis, the CaO@ CoFe2O4 catalyst has been successfully synthesized. Under optimal conditions, the yield of methyl ester produced with the addition of 2% of catalyst was 80.62%.

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