Relationship of the time until failure in long-term loading under conditions of the plane stressed state to the minimum rate of creep deformations

The results of experimental studies of masonry on the action of dynamic and static (short-term and long-term) loads are presented. The possibility of plastic deformations in the masonry is analyzed for different types of force effects. The falsity of the proposed approach to the estimation of the coefficient of plasticity of masonry, taking into account the ratio of elastic and total deformations of the masonry is noted. The study of the works of Soviet scientists revealed that the masonry under the action of seismic loads refers to brittle materials in the complete absence of plastic properties in it in the process of instantaneous application of forces. For the cases of uniaxial and plane stress states of the masonry, data on the coefficient of plasticity obtained from the experiment are presented. On the basis of experimental studies the influence of the strength of the so-called base materials (brick, mortar) on the bearing capacity of the masonry, regardless of the nature of the application of forces and the type of its stress state, is noted. The analysis of works of prof. S. V. Polyakov makes it possible to draw a conclusion that at the long application of the load, characteristic for the masonry are not plastic deformations, but creep deformations. It is shown that the proposals of some authors on the need to reduce the level of adhesion of the mortar to the brick for the masonry erected in earthquake-prone regions in order to improve its plastic properties are erroneous both from the structural point of view and from the point of view of ensuring the seismic resistance of structures. It is noted that the proposal to assess the plasticity of the masonry of ceramic brick walls and large-format ceramic stone with a voidness of more than 20% is incorrect, and does not meet the work of the masonry of hollow material. On the basis of the analysis of a large number of research works it is concluded about the fragile work of masonry.

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Domain randomization-enhanced deep learning models for bird detection

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80101-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xin Mao ◽

Jun Kang Chow ◽

Pin Siang Tan ◽

Kuan-fu Liu ◽

Jimmy Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Learning ◽

Continuous Monitoring ◽

Bird Species ◽

Training Data ◽

Learning Models ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Bird Detection ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

AbstractAutomatic bird detection in ornithological analyses is limited by the accuracy of existing models, due to the lack of training data and the difficulties in extracting the fine-grained features required to distinguish bird species. Here we apply the domain randomization strategy to enhance the accuracy of the deep learning models in bird detection. Trained with virtual birds of sufficient variations in different environments, the model tends to focus on the fine-grained features of birds and achieves higher accuracies. Based on the 100 terabytes of 2-month continuous monitoring data of egrets, our results cover the findings using conventional manual observations, e.g., vertical stratification of egrets according to body size, and also open up opportunities of long-term bird surveys requiring intensive monitoring that is impractical using conventional methods, e.g., the weather influences on egrets, and the relationship of the migration schedules between the great egrets and little egrets.

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Non-Local and Multi-Scale Mechanisms for Image Inpainting

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21093281 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. 3281

Author(s):

Xu He ◽

Yong Yin

Keyword(s):

Markov Random Fields ◽

Receptive Fields ◽

Image Inpainting ◽

Long Distance ◽

Visual Appearance ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Multi Scale ◽

Non Local ◽

Relationship Of

Recently, deep learning-based techniques have shown great power in image inpainting especially dealing with squared holes. However, they fail to generate plausible results inside the missing regions for irregular and large holes as there is a lack of understanding between missing regions and existing counterparts. To overcome this limitation, we combine two non-local mechanisms including a contextual attention module (CAM) and an implicit diversified Markov random fields (ID-MRF) loss with a multi-scale architecture which uses several dense fusion blocks (DFB) based on the dense combination of dilated convolution to guide the generative network to restore discontinuous and continuous large masked areas. To prevent color discrepancies and grid-like artifacts, we apply the ID-MRF loss to improve the visual appearance by comparing similarities of long-distance feature patches. To further capture the long-term relationship of different regions in large missing regions, we introduce the CAM. Although CAM has the ability to create plausible results via reconstructing refined features, it depends on initial predicted results. Hence, we employ the DFB to obtain larger and more effective receptive fields, which benefits to predict more precise and fine-grained information for CAM. Extensive experiments on two widely-used datasets demonstrate that our proposed framework significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches both in quantity and quality.

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Technology and Employment in Developing Countries

The Journal of Modern African Studies ◽

10.1017/s0022278x00021923 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 549-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. W. Garmany

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Optimum Combination ◽

Current Consumption ◽

The Creation ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Choice Of Technology

This article discusses some of the issues involved in the choice of technology in developing countries, especially those in Africa, and the relationship of this to employment and output. The problem is to find an optimum combination of productive resources that comes nearest to satisfying two objectives: the full and economically efficient utilisation of such resources, and the creation of as much surplus as possible over current consumption, thereby making possible new investment and long-term growth.

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The Relationship between Reputation, Customer Satisfaction, Trust, and Loyalty

Journal of Public Administration and Governance ◽

10.5296/jpag.v4i3.6678 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 368 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Roshana Gul

Keyword(s):

Customer Satisfaction ◽

Customer Loyalty ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Positive Sign ◽

Medical College ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Though a lot of studies have been done to conclude customer loyalty as dependent variable but still there is a vast margin of researches to be conducted in future in different spheres of this construct. On the other hand the truth of the importance of customer loyalty as an enduring asset cannot be falsified. It is fundamental for organizations to build up long term and mutual beneficial associations with the customers. The purpose of this research paper is to show the inter relationship of reputation, customer satisfaction and trust on customer loyalty. According to the observations reputation is the major independent variable that has significant relationship with customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and trust. Data for this research study was taken from the Islamia University, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, and different banks located at various geographic locations of Bahawalpur region of Pakistan. Data was collected through self administered questionnaire and analyzed by using regression through SPSS. The results have been drawn from 150 users of NISHAT LINEN and it was found that there is positive and significant relationship among reputation, customer satisfaction, trust and customer loyalty. Hence the studies give the positive sign that with the increment of reputation, customer satisfaction and trust the customer loyalty enhances.

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The Research on the Strategies for Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.786 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 869-870 ◽

pp. 786-790

Author(s):

Chen Chen Zhang

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Development Strategy ◽

Protection Measures ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

National Economic ◽

History Of ◽

Dialectical Relationship ◽

Relationship Of

The strategies for sustainable development have been included in the medium and long term plan of 2010 for national economic and social development. Protecting the environment is the most important prerequisite and safeguards for the sustainable development strategy. In the study, we described the history of the environmental problems in the world, the proposal and implications of sustainable development, and outlined the dialectical relationship of development with the environment. The environmental protection measures for sustainable development were proposed here, according to the environmental situation severely affecting its biophysical environment.

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Progress in Developing Constitutive Equations for Inelastic Design Analysis

Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology ◽

10.1115/1.3264278 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 105 (3) ◽

pp. 273-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C. E. Pugh

Keyword(s):

Constitutive Equations ◽

Inelastic Strain ◽

Short Term ◽

Inelastic Material ◽

Fast Breeder Reactors ◽

Breeder Reactors ◽

Term Creep ◽

Inelastic Design ◽

Creep Deformations

A summary is given of the constitutive equations that have been developed for use in design assessments of elevated temperature components of liquid metal fast breeder reactors. The discussion addresses representations of short-term (plastic) and long-term (creep) inelastic material responses. Attention is given to improved representations of the interactions between plastic and creep deformations. Most of the discussion is in terms of constitutive equations that make use of the concept of separating the total strain into elastic, plastic, and creep portions. Additionally, some discussion is given of progress being made toward establishing design equations based on unified measures of inelastic strain that do not distinguish different strain portions.

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Exploring Interpersonal Relationship of Female Patients with Persistent Depressive Disorder: A Qualitative Study with a Phenomenological Approach

Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.5812/ijpbs.110483 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Asadollahi ◽

Hamid Taher Neshat Doost ◽

Mohammad Reza Abedi ◽

Hamid Afshar Zanjani

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Interpersonal Relationship ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Chronic Problem ◽

Persistent Depressive Disorder

Background: Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is a chronic problem that is more prevalent among women than men. Various studies have revealed that these people experience many problems in their interpersonal relationships, which increase their suffering. Objectives: The present study was done to identify how people suffering from PDD experience interpersonal relationships that often seem troubled and broken. Methods: A phenomenological approach was adopted for this qualitative study. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with 21 individuals with PDD, focusing on exploring their experience and suffering in interpersonal relationships. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, and the transcripts were analyzed using Giorgi’s phenomenological descriptive method. Results: In general, five main themes and 16 sub-themes emerged. The main themes were: (1) Feeling empty of love and compassion; (2) feeling ignored; (3) ignoring others’ needs, conditions, and suffering; (4) feeling of being annoying to others; and (5) feeling confused and helpless in relationships. Conclusions: It seems that all five themes convey the message that these individuals demonstrate less skill in feeling compassion and receiving it from others. Therefore, it appears that long-term compassion-based interventions can effectively reduce the interpersonal suffering of these individuals. It should be noted that although these themes have commonalities in different cultural contexts, the culture can influence the content and intensity of these feelings.

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