Integrated Environment Policy Assessment for climate change and local environment in China

OPSEARCH ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kejun Jiang ◽  
Xiulian Hu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Policy Assessment ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
Integrated Environment

Climate change and conflict in the Sahel: the acacia gum tree as a tool for environmental peacebuilding

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-218
Author(s):  
Ousseyni Kalilou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Acacia Gum ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Acacia Tree

Abstract Environmental stress contributes to food insecurity, poverty, forced migration and violent conflict in the Sahel, with climate change aggravating the situation. The production of gum arabic from the acacia tree increasingly aligns with the community stakeholders’ efforts to promote climate change mitigation, adaptation and resilience. Based on expert interviews and field observations in Niger, and a reading of relevant documents, I found that gum arabic production is valuable for conflict mitigation because it helps tackle the root causes of violent conflicts. The acacia gum tree is a natural soil fixer and multinational companies have coveted the resin from the tree, which is a rising commodity and a promising source of revenue for the local inhabitants. As different communities work together and cooperate with outside actors (government agencies, international partners, NGOs and businesses), the opportunities to build social cohesion around the tree increase. By facilitating ecological improvement, social inclusion and poverty alleviation, the promotion of gum arabic production, despite other issues such as bad natural resource governance, is a critical environmental peacebuilding strategy. Hence, suitable funding of massive afforestation with the acacia tree fits with community-based natural climate solutions to global humanitarian issues by protecting and restoring the local environment.

The Effect of FDI on Host Country's Environmental Pollution: Evidence from Chinese Cities

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 3487-3490
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Zhang Lan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Reform ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
Local Pollution ◽  
The Relationship

With the increasing global competition, people worried that most foreign-funded enterprises have comparative advantage in pollution-intensive products due to the relatively relaxed environmental regulation and lax enforcement in China. This study examines the relationship between the foreign direct investment (FDI) and local pollution in china. Our results find that a city received more FDI may be not lead to higher pollution. In fact, FDI have a beneficial effect on local environment. Policy-makers should be to attract more foreign investment that openness could improve development China's environment by increasing local income, introducing more energy efficient production technology, and increasing competition and diving out less efficient factories. This suggests that the market-oriented economic reform improve the environment.

scholarly journals Enhancing endorsement of scientific inquiry increases support for pro-environment policies

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 160360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Drummond ◽  
Matthew A. Palmer ◽  
James D. Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Relationship

Pro-environment policies require public support and engagement, but in countries such as the USA, public support for pro-environment policies remains low. Increasing public scientific literacy is unlikely to solve this, because increased scientific literacy does not guarantee increased acceptance of critical environmental issues (e.g. that climate change is occurring). We distinguish between scientific literacy (basic scientific knowledge) and endorsement of scientific inquiry (perceiving science as a valuable way of accumulating knowledge), and examine the relationship between people's endorsement of scientific inquiry and their support for pro-environment policy. Analysis of a large, publicly available dataset shows that support for pro-environment policies is more strongly related to endorsement of scientific inquiry than to scientific literacy among adolescents. An experiment demonstrates that a brief intervention can increase support for pro-environment policies via increased endorsement of scientific inquiry among adults. Public education about the merits of scientific inquiry may facilitate increased support for pro-environment policies.

scholarly journals Inuit perceptions of climate change in East Greenland

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cunera Buijs
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Mobile Telephones ◽  
Subsistence Activities

Abstract Global warming and climate change are important topics of debate in Greenland. This paper examines how the Tunumiit of East Greenland perceive the weather, the changing climate, and the local environment. It also discusses how their perceptions have been influenced by political debates on global warming, sustainable development, and wildlife management since the 1950s. In the past, if some animal species disappeared from a specific area, or if the weather turned bad, the Tunumiit would attribute this misfortune to human transgressions of rules of respect. Today, they often connect the increasingly unpredictable weather to their reduced access to natural resources and greater difficulties in travelling. Some hunters speak of a shift from seal hunting to cod fishing in East Greenland, although fishing is still perceived as a vulnerable source of income with low status. Nowadays, older methods of navigation and orientation coexist with such new technologies as GPS and mobile telephones. Some local hunters and villagers feel unfairly accused of increases in CO2 emissions and pollution from their motorboats and generators. Tunumiit hunting communities are facing increasing uncertainty on all levels of their existence, and their hunters are turning to the growing tourism industry—a side effect of global warming—and other coping strategies to maintain their local subsistence activities and to reinforce their own culture.

scholarly journals Large mammal exploitation during the c. 14–11 ka Oakhurst techno-complex at Klipdrift Cave, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (5/6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Discamps ◽  
Christopher S. Henshilwood ◽  
Karen L. van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Subsistence Strategies ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Large Mammal ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Subsistence Patterns ◽  
The Impact

Understanding how hunter-gatherers adapted to the marked environmental changes of the last glacialinterglacial transition (~18 to 11.7 ka cal. BP) remains a key question for archaeologists. South Africa, with its rich and well-preserved archaeological sequences, has a major role to play in this study. Reconstructing the subsistence strategies of people during the Later Stone Age (LSA) is crucial for investigating human– environment interactions at this period in South Africa, yet data are scarce. Recent excavations at a new LSA site, Klipdrift Cave, in the southern Cape, revealed c. 14–11 ka levels with excellent faunal preservation associated with an Oakhurst lithic industry. Taphonomic and zooarchaeological analyses of these levels show an almost exclusive accumulation of large mammal remains by LSA groups, with evidence of meat removal, marrow extraction, fire use and the preferential import of nutritious elements back to the site. Large mammals from the site indicate a relatively stable environment dominated by open grasslands that is in accordance with isotopic analyses, with only subtle diachronic variability. Comparison of faunal dynamics with changes in lithic industries, shellfish density and composition reflects complex, asynchronous changes in the macromammal, micromammal, shellfish and lithic records throughout the Oakhurst levels. Rather than evidence of a strong impact of global climate change, Klipdrift Cave shows subtle shifts in subsistence patterns and technology that are better explained by internal societal dynamics and the history of the Oakhurst techno-complex, or local changes in site occupation and direct environment. Significance • LSA archaeological sequences can document the impact of the marked environmental changes of the Pleistocene–Holocene transition on hunter-gatherer societies. Studies of past subsistence strategies are central to our understanding of human–environment interactions in these contexts. • Zooarchaeological, taphonomical and palaeoecological analyses of the large mammal remains from the excavated LSA sequence at Klipdrift Cave provide new data on these interactions. The data highlight asynchronous changes in subsistence patterns, lithic technology and local environment, supporting a complex interplay between climate change, local environment, societal changes and human prehistory. • Klipdrift Cave data set also shows that excavation and analytical choices can strongly bias faunal analysis and environmental reconstructions based thereon.

scholarly journals The potential of agroforestry as an adaptation strategy to mitigate the impacts of climate change: A case study of Kiine Community, Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
MUNENE ANNE NYARUAI ◽  
JOHN K. MUSINGI ◽  
BONIFACE N. WAMBUA
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Nyaruai MA, Musingi JK, Wambua BN. 2018. The potential of agroforestry as an adaptation strategy to mitigate the impacts of climate change: A case study of Kiine Community, Kenya. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 170-177. This study has a purpose of evaluating the agroforestry potent as a conformation policy to the effects of climate change in the location of the study. One hundred farmers were used as study sample in collecting data with stratified sampling technique. To achieve data from individual farmers, both arranged and disarranged questionnaires were used. The study utilized questionnaires and observation timetable to collect data from individual farmers associated with the study objectives. The study found out that more preferable practices in agroforestry were planting the trees and shrubs as windbreakers, riparian forest buffers, silvopasture, and boundary planting while the less preferable practices were forest farming, alley cropping, and woodlots. It also found that the coaching to identify both indigenous and exotic agroforestry tree species is needed. In particular, 94% and 90% of the respondents got a feeling that the coaching on agroforestry practices and incorporation of exotic species is needed very much. The reason is that the feeling felt by respondents could give contribution to shortening the prolonged production time of trees on farm. On the contrary, 90% of the respondents are confident that agroforestry can increase catchment yield in rivers and streams, ameliorate the micro-climate, increase wood production as well as increase livestock health and products. The result showed that agroforestry has a direct link in increasing subsistence of people in the study area. Food (fruits), fodder, fuelwood, medicinal substances, gums, tannins, essential oils, fibers and waxes are the examples of agroforestry products sold by the surrounding farmers. The money will be used to provide second-tier facilities such as paying the tuition for their children or even getting healthcare facilities. The result shows that agroforestry is a method in agricultural production which can decrease the effects of human activities and climate change on the local environment. Agroforestry can increase the endurance of agricultural outturn to contemporary climate variance as well as prolonged climate change by means of the utilization of trees for intensification, diversification and supporting of farming systems.

A Thawing Earth

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-151
Author(s):  
Jorge Daniel Taillant
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
The Common ◽  
Thawing And Freezing Cycles ◽  
Permafrost Regions

This chapter examines the warming of permafrost found in the Earth’s coldest regions. It relates how this warming results in the release of large amounts of methane gas from gas hydrates buried in frozen grounds and discusses the implications for climate change of this release. The chapter outlines the categories of permafrost and the role that thawing and freezing cycles play in the local environment. It also describes how to use online GIS tools to locate permafrost regions on the Earth. Finally, the chapter reviews the common impacts of melting permafrost such as subsidence, sinkholes, destruction of infrastructure, as well as the possible release of human and animal disease agents.

Climate change impacts on farm production, landscape appearance, and the environment: Policy scenario results from an integrated field-farm-landscape model in Austria

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schönhart ◽  
Thomas Schauppenlehner ◽  
Michael Kuttner ◽  
Mathias Kirchner ◽  
Erwin Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Landscape Model ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
Policy Scenario ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
On Farm

Modelling trade and climate change policy: a strategic framework for global environmental negotiators

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Ahmed ◽  
Naveed Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Shahbaz ◽  
Ilhan Ozturk ◽  
Wei Long
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
Permit Trading ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Business As Usual

In the past, failure of trade–climate talks might have created negative signs, but international trade actually induces more participation and helps to attain joint agreement. Carbon permit trading has a key role to play in the abatement process. Participation in global multilateral negotiations and a country's self-interest with respect to entering an abatement process depends upon either the scale of climate change damage or the punishment level that affects its economy. Thus, this study assumes N good cases for countries that have substantial emission levels. We analyse the change in utility function through a business-as-usual scenario for both group and individual country levels. The model designed in this study examines the data on emissions and gross domestic product (GDP) for selected developing and developed countries and the rest of the world. The data calibrations are similar to the previous studies. However, this study extends the model to a strategic level at which countries can choose coalition partners to undertake abatement for mutual benefits, considering the terms of trade. The results possess strong trade–environment policy options and help them to reach certain multilateral agreement.

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