Area computation for triangular area or perimeter bisecting deltoids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Berele ◽  
Stefan Catoiu
Keyword(s):  
Triangular Area

scholarly journals Cranio-Vertebral Junction Triangular Area: Quantification of Brain Stem Compression by Magnetic Resonance Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Chih-Chang Chang ◽  
Ching-Lan Wu ◽  
Tsung-Hsi Tu ◽  
Jau-Ching Wu ◽  
Hsuan-Kan Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Craniovertebral Junction ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Radiological Criteria ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Triangular Area

(1) Background: Most of the currently used radiological criteria for craniovertebral junction (CVJ) were developed prior to the popularity of magnetic resonance images (MRIs). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel triangular area (TA) calculated on MRIs for pathologies at the CVJ. (2) Methods: A total of 702 consecutive patients were enrolled, grouped into three: (a) Those with pathologies at the CVJ (n = 129); (b) those with underlying rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but no CVJ abnormalities (n = 279); and (3) normal (control; n = 294). TA was defined on T2-weighted MRIs by three points: The lowest point of the clivus, the posterior-inferior point of C2, and the most dorsal indentation point at the ventral brain stem. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to correlate the prognostic value of the TA with myelopathy. Pre- and post-operative TA values were compared for validation. (c) Results: The CVJ-pathology group had the largest mean TA (1.58 ± 0.47 cm2), compared to the RA and control groups (0.96 ± 0.31 and 1.05 ± 0.26, respectively). The ROC analysis calculated the cutoff-point for myelopathy as 1.36 cm2 with the area under the curve at 0.93. Of the 81 surgical patients, the TA was reduced (1.21 ± 0.37 cm2) at two-years post-operation compared to that at pre-operation (1.67 ± 0.51 cm2). Moreover, intra-operative complete reduction of the abnormalities could further decrease the TA to 1.03 ± 0.39 cm2. (4) Conclusions: The TA, a valid measurement to quantify compression at the CVJ and evaluate the efficacy of surgery, averaged 1.05 cm2 in normal patients, and 1.36 cm2 could be a cutoff-point for myelopathy and of clinical significance.

scholarly journals Palinotaxonomia de espécies brasileiras de Cheiloclinium Miers (Hippocrateaceae Juss.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania Gonçalves-Esteves ◽  
Therezinha Sant'Anna Melhem
Keyword(s):  
America Latina ◽  
Triangular Area

O estudo palinotaxonômico de Cheiloclinium Miers teve a finalidade de melhor caracterizar o gênero representado, na América Latina, por 20 espécies. Foram examinados os grãos de pólen de 38 espécimens pertencentes a 14 espécies brasileiras de Cheiloclinium. Os grãos de pólen foram acetolisados, medidos, descritos e ilustrados sob microscopia de luz e eletrônica de varredura. As medidas receberam tratamento estatístico. As principais características polínicas encontradas definem os grãos de pólen como sendo pequenos (médios apenas em C. pedunculatum A.C. Sm.), isopolares, suboblatos, oblato-esferoidais ou subprolatos, âmbito subtriangular ou triangular, área polar pequena ou muito pequena (em C. pedunculatum e C. podostemmum (Sandw.) A.C. Sm.), 3-colporados, com endoaberturas lalongadas (circulares somente em C. diffusiflorum (Miers) A.C. Sm.), microrreticulados, reticulados ou granulados. Cheiloclinium é um gênero estenopolínico. Com base nos resultados obtidos em microscopia de luz, no entanto, foi possível a separação de espécies cuja morfologia polínica poderá, efetivamente, contribuir nos estudos taxonômicos deste gênero. Os grãos de pólen de Cheiloclinium não tinham sido analisados previamente.

The second species of the cnemidolestid genus Piesbergopterum from the Upper Carboniferous of Avion, Northern France (Archaeorthoptera: Cnemidolestidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ NEL ◽  
PATRICK ROQUES
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Upper Carboniferous ◽  
Northern France ◽  
The Family ◽  
Triangular Area

The Palaeozoic archaeorthopteran order Cnemidolestodea Handlirsch, 1937 (sensu Béthoux, 2005; not sensu Aristov, 2014) currently comprises only the family Cnemidolestidae Handlirsch, 1906. They are easily characterized by the presence of a more or less triangular area delimited by the vein MA and the first anterior fork of MP+CuA+CuPa, this last vein having several parallel posterior branches. Dvořák et al. (2021) listed the included genera, and described the new genus and species Piesbergopterum punctatum from the Moscovian of Piesberg (Germany), characterized by the presence of a pattern of rounded spots in numerous cells all over the forewings. Nel & Poschmann (in press) noticed that the Cnemidolestidae show an important diversity of patterns of coloration on their forewings, possibly related to cryptic behaviors in the vegetation.

The pseudodelta sign in acute head trauma

1988 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 867-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel W. Yeakley ◽  
John S. Mayer ◽  
Larry L. Patchell ◽  
K. Francis Lee ◽  
Michael E. Miner
Keyword(s):  
Head Trauma ◽  
Superior Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Triangular Area ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The “delta sign” is a triangular area of high density with a low-density center seen on contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CT) scans in the location of the superior sagittal sinus. It indicates thrombosis of the sinus. The authors describe the “pseudodelta sign,” which is similar but is seen on non-contrast-enhanced CT scans and which has a high correlation with hemorrhage secondary to acute head trauma.

Some Characteristic Structural Types in Eastern Asia and their Bearing upon the Problem of Continental Movements

1929 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 501-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Horizontal Shear ◽  
Lateral Compression ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
The West ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Delta System ◽  
Triangular Area

Lastly a reference must be made to the nu-delta structures which characterize the contact zone between the continent of Eastern Asia and the floor of the Pacific. in the Sakhalin-Yezo-Kuriles system we find, by experiment, that the northern part of the system was pressed towards the continent to a greater extent than the southern part of it. This is a consequence to be naturally expected. In the Kuriles we find a succession of fractures which prove, beyond any doubt, that the region to the west of those lines effected a southerly or south-westerly horizontal shear against the Pacific. Such a movement not being parallel to the continental border, would necessarily arouse a lateral compression between the continent and the ocean base. Now since the southern terminus of the triangular area covered by the system lies against the Inshan zone which behaved as a strengthening rib on the part of the continental mass against lateral pressure, it would be extremely difficult for the southern apex of the triangular area to shift westward. On the other hand the northern part of the area does not encounter such extraordinary resistance. Consequently the whole area suffers a counter-clockwise twisting movement with the result that the nu-delta system was generated. In this way we are able to understand how the Sakhalin-Yezo-Kuriles system was produced through a southward movement of Eastern Asia.

Pseudotrichonympha sertaneja n.sp. (Protozoa, Mastigophora), from the intestine of a new termite (Rugitermes sp.) collected in Brazil

Parasitology ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Col. I. Froilano De Mello
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The Body ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
The Third ◽  
Triangular Area ◽  
A New Species

This paper contains a discussion of the generic and specific characters of Tricho-nympha and Pseudotrichonympha, with a detailed account of the morphology of P. sertaneja n.sp. from a new species of Rugitermes.The basic generic and specific characters of each organelle of Pseudotrichonympha are considered in detail. The genus Pseudotrichonympha has been separated from Trichonympha by the absence of the rostral articulation (citartrosi) and parabasal body. But in at least two species of Pseudotrichonympha a parabasal body has been found, and as Grassi himself believed that citartrosi, however feebly developed, must exist in all Pseudotrichonympha, the taxonomic position of Pseudotrichonympha needs further investigation.The morphology of P. sertaneja n.sp. has the basic generic characters. The specific characters are discontinuous myonemes, oblique instead of longitudinal leiotropic striae, flagella of the first series covering not only the neck but the upper portion of the body, flagella of the second series confined to the basal part of the anterior triangular area of the body, flagella of the third series very short and of uniform size and simple outline of the ectoplasm.The flagellate is regarded as a new species, named P. sertaneja n.sp. The host is a new species of Rugitermes from São Paulo, Brazil.

Period and Development of Attached-Rim Vessels in Northeast China

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-78
Author(s):  
Kang Won Oh
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Jilin Province ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Exchange Relationship ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Central ◽  
River Region ◽  
Triangular Area

In the case of attached-rim vessels in Northeast China, the scale of the pottery vessel type was reduced to meet a demand for minimal living of the people at that time due to a way for groups living in low hills of Aohan Qi located in the EastSouth inner Mongolia, and it has emerged from the process of improving the existing double-rimmed deep bowl pottery while focusing on its practicality. Attached-rim vessels that have emerged from Shuiquan Type for the first time spread to regions adjacent to the EastSouth inner Mongolia and the Liaoxi region, attached-rim vessels in the Lioaxi region spread again to the Zhengjiawazi Type located in the midstream of Liao River, and other surrounding areas spread the relevant vessels through the exchange relationship with Zhengjiawazi Type. The attached-rim vessels in Northeast China were distributed only in the Shuiquan Type at the first period(the fifth century B.C.), but in the Zhengjiawazi Type centered in Shenyang at the second period(the fourth century B.C.) as it spread to the triangular area connecting Aohanqi, Kalaqinzuoyi and Ningcheng as well as the Liao River region. At the third stage(the third century B.C.), it became widely distributed mainly in the middle and upper stream regions of Taizi River at Liaoxi and Benxi centered in Chaoyang of Liaoning province and Jilin province, in the middle and upper stream regions from Gou river to Dongliao river, and in the lower and middle stream region of Huifa river). However, at the fourth stage(the first and second centuries B.C.), it was only partially distributed at some sites in the Eastern part of Liaodong and in the South Central of Jilin province, but it finally disappeared.

Discovery of the Genus Protisobrachium Benoit 1957 from the Oriental Region (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoru Terayama
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oriental Region ◽  
Triangular Area

The genus Protisobrachium is newly recorded from the Oriental Region on the basis of P. asianum n. sp. This new species is separated from the other congeners from Africa by the single toothed mandible, obscure notauli, elongate propodeum, and large basal triangular area on propodeum.

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