The effect of overwintering temperature on the body energy reserves and phenoloxidase activity of bumblebee Bombus lucorum queens

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-R. Vesterlund ◽  
T. M. Lilley ◽  
T. van Ooik ◽  
J. Sorvari
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Phenoloxidase Activity ◽  
Bombus Lucorum ◽  
Body Energy

Utilization of body energy reserves during work in dogs

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Young ◽  
R. Price
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Work Output ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Nonprotein Nitrogen ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Body Energy ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

Excretion of urinary nitrogen and acetone at rest and during four controlled levels of work output (treadmill running) was examined in five postabsorptive dogs. With resting energy-expenditures of 600–800 Cal., the average outputs of nonprotein nitrogen, urea nitrogen, creatine nitrogen, and acetone were 2.19 gm, 1.69 gm, 74.7 mg, and 11.6 mg, respectively. With the possible exception of acetone, output of the various urinary constituents was significantly higher (4 x) at rest than during work of comparable cost. Energy metabolism during the performance of 300, 600, 1200, and 1800 Cal. of work was estimated from the respiratory gas exchange and urinary nitrogen. During long-sustained physical work, the percentage of energy derived from the oxidation of carbohydrate, fat, and protein was relatively constant at 65, 32, and 3%, respectively. Preliminary calculations suggest that all of the energy, whether combusted as carbohydrate or fat, was derived ultimately from the body lipids. Submitted on October 26, 1960

scholarly journals Body mass index, energy reserves, and tissue composition of cuts of Corriedale lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Tavares Costa ◽  
Gilson de Mendonça ◽  
Larissa Picada Brum ◽  
Thiago Pereira Vieira ◽  
Fernanda Dornelles Feijó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Body Energy

Abstract: The objective of this work was to identify relationships of the body mass index (BMI) with the body energy reserves and tissue composition of shoulder and leg cuts of Corriedale lambs. Twenty-two sheep with average age of 18 months were used. Linear regressions were determined between the studied characteristics. The mean body mass, body condition score (BCS), and BMI were 49.09±7.8 kg, 2.69±0.81, and 10.66±0.99, respectively. The BMI was correlated with the BCS (r = 0.51) and internal fat (r = 0.81). Multiple linear equations, involving BMI and BCS, yielded correlation coefficients between 0.50 and 0.76, with significant values for all studied characteristics. The body mass index allows estimating the body energy reserves of Corriedale sheep.

Plasticity of nutrient accumulation patterns in diapausing fall webworm pupae

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lvquan Zhao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ying Qiu ◽  
Alex S. Torson
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Energy Reserve ◽  
Short Photoperiod ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Fall Webworm ◽  
Diapause Incidence

Abstract The accumulation of nutrients during diapause preparation is crucial because any lack of nutrition will reduce the likelihood of insects completing diapause, thereby decreasing their chances of survival and reproduction. The fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea, diapause as overwintering pupae and their diapause incidence and diapause intensity are regulated by the photoperiod. In this study, we test the hypothesis that photoperiod influences energy reserve accumulation during diapause preparation in fall webworm. We found that the body size and mass, lipid and carbohydrate content of pupae with a short photoperiod during the diapause induction phase were significantly greater than those of pupae with a relatively short photoperiod, and the efficiency of converting digested food and ingested food into body matter was greater in the short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae than the relatively short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae. We also observed higher lipase and amylase activities in short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae relative to the counterparts. However, no obvious difference was found in protein and protease in the pupae with a short photoperiod during the diapause induction phase and short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae compared with the counterparts. Therefore, we conclude that the energy reserve patterns of diapausing fall webworm pupae are plastic and that short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae increase their energy reserves by improving their feeding efficiency and increase their lipid and carbohydrate stores by increasing the lipase and amylase activities in the midgut.

Simulation and Analysis on Pressure Resistance Experiments of Automotive Body

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 1451-1455
Author(s):  
Guang Yao Zhao ◽  
Yi Feng Zhao ◽  
Chuan Yin Tang ◽  
Zhi Yuan Du
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
The Body ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Automotive Body ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Vehicle Rollover ◽  
Pressure Resistance ◽  
Body Energy

Aimed at SUV-type vehicle, simulation and analysis of pressure resistance experiments on the body of automobile has been presented in the paper, according to the vehicle safety regulations and standards of FMVSS216. A limited SUV vehicle model is created; simulation is obtained with the help of software LS-DYNA, based on the principle of finite element analysis method. Assessment of pressure resistance and safety of the automobile has been presented, from the aspect of the deformation of body, the energy absorption of the vehicle and components, and the pressure on the body, etc. By rational improving of the original design of body structure, the reasonable distribution of pressure absorbability of the body of the SUV-type automobile is achieved. The effect of the overall energy absorption of the body is fully exerted, and then the safety of the driver and the passenger in a rollover accident is improved. Research methods and conclusions of this paper provide useful ways and references to the research of the safety of vehicle rollover and design of rationality of body energy absorption

scholarly journals Dietary canitine maintains energy reserves and delays fatigue of exercised african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed high fat diets

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ozório ◽  
Vincent Van Ginneken ◽  
Guido van den Thillart ◽  
Martin Verstegen ◽  
Johan Verreth
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Level ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
The Body ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Lipids, together with proteins, are traditionally considered as primary fuels during aerobic swimming. The effects of dietary fat and carnitine supplements and exercise on the energy metabolism of juvenile fish were investigated. One hundred African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were fed four isonitrogenous diets containing a fat level of 100 or 190 g kg-1 diet and one of the two levels of carnitine (15 and 1000 mg kg-1). Fish grew from 61 to 162 g in 10 wk. Thereafter, 6 fish per group swam vigorously for 3 h and the results were compared with unexercised groups. Fish receiving 1,000 mg carnitine accumulated 2- to 3-fold more carnitine than fish receiving 15 mg carnitine. Plasma acyl-carnitine level was affected by an interaction between dietary treatment and exercise (P < 0.05). Adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine concentrations were higher in the white muscle (WM) of exercised fish fed the high-carnitine supplements, compared with the low-carnitine fed fish (P < 0.05). Adenilate energy charge indexes were higher and ammonia concentrations were lower in WM of fish fed high-carnitine and high-fat diets. Dietary carnitine supplements may be needed in growing fish when dietary lipid level is high. In that case extra dietary carnitine can maintain the body energy reserves at adequate level when fish is exposed to a short-term, exhaustive exercise, a physiologic stress common both in nature and in intensive aquaculture systems.

scholarly journals Influencia De La Depresión En Las Reservas Proteico-Energéticas Y El Índice De Masa Corporal En Adultos Mayores De 65 Años

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Catherine Alexandra Andrade Trujillo ◽  
Dennys Leonardo Abril Merizalde
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship

The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of depression on the protein-energy reserves and the BodyMass Index in ederly. A total of 65 older adults were evaluated; to identify the level of depression, the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale was used, the protein-energy reserves were evaluated from the arm circumference and the Body Mass Index. The elderly with higher levels of depression had lower arm circumference than those who did not show depression according to the scale (p = 0.002 and p = 0.009, men and women respectively), a similar situation occurs with the BMI (p = 0.050 and p = 0.019). There is also a significant negative relationship between the Geriatric Depression Scale with the arm circumference and the BMI in women (r = -0.520, p = 0.002 and r = -0.439, p = 0.009 respectively). In men, this negative relationship is observed only between the Geriatric Depression Scale and the arm circumference (r = -0.479, p = 0.007). Older adults with a higher level of depression have lower arm circumference and lower BMI than those without depression. In both sexes, there is a significant negative relationship between the Geriatric Depression Scale score and the arm circumference. In females, an inversely proportional relationship between the scale and the Body Mass Index is evidenced.

scholarly journals Modelo predictor de las conductas del balance energético corporal BEC (Predict model of the body energy balance BEB behaviors)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 653-663
Author(s):  
Andrés Gómez-Acosta ◽  
Constanza Londoño
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Energy

Hace falta evidencia acerca de la sinergia entre los factores psicológicos y contextuales que subyacen a la práctica simultánea de las conductas del balance energético corporal [BEC] (actividad física [AF], alimentación saludable [AS] y sueño de calidad [SC]). Por ello, se busca identificar si el optimismo disposicional [OD], flexibilidad en regulación emocional [RE], las creencias compensatorias en salud [CCS] y factores ambientales – socioculturales, predicen los dominios conductuales señalados en adultos, a través de un Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales [MEE]. Para ello, se dispuso de una investigación explicativa trasversal con una muestra de 300 participantes, que diligenciaron un cuadernillo compuesto por instrumentos psicométricos validados (uno por cada variable indagada). Los resultados establecieron que la tendencia a la realización de las conductas el BEC es predicha por los factores contextuales referidos y las variables psicológicas evaluadas (R=.54, valor p < .05). Se valida un modelo hipotético que incorpora el agregado conductual del sueño en la ecuación del BEC, susceptible de modificación e inclusión de nuevas variables.  Abstract. There is a lack of evidence about the synergy between the psychological and contextual factors that underlie the simultaneous practice of the behavioral domains of the Body Energy Balance [BEB] (Physical Activity [PA], Healthy Eating [HE] & Quality Sleep [QS]). Therefore, we seek to identify whether dispositional optimism [DO], emotion regulation [ER] flexibility, compensatory health beliefs [CHB], and environmental-sociocultural factors, predict behaviors of the body energy balance [BEB] in adults, through a Structural Equation Model [SEM]. To do this, cross-sectional explanatory research was available with a sample of 300 participants, who completed a booklet made up of validated psychometric instruments (one for each variable investigated). The results established that the tendency to perform the BEB behaviors is predicted by the contextual factors referred to, and the psychological variables were evaluated (R=.54, p-value < .05). A hypothetical model that incorporates the behavioral aggregate of sleep in the BEB equation is validated, subject to modification and inclusion of new variables.

scholarly journals Adipose tissue in control of metabolism

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
pp. R77-R99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Luo ◽  
Meilian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Lipid Mobilization ◽  
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction ◽  
Body Energy ◽  
Beige Adipose Tissue

Adipose tissue plays a central role in regulating whole-body energy and glucose homeostasis through its subtle functions at both organ and systemic levels. On one hand, adipose tissue stores energy in the form of lipid and controls the lipid mobilization and distribution in the body. On the other hand, adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ and produces numerous bioactive factors such as adipokines that communicate with other organs and modulate a range of metabolic pathways. Moreover, brown and beige adipose tissue burn lipid by dissipating energy in the form of heat to maintain euthermia, and have been considered as a new way to counteract obesity. Therefore, adipose tissue dysfunction plays a prominent role in the development of obesity and its related disorders such as insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, depression and cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent findings of adipose tissue in the control of metabolism, focusing on its endocrine and thermogenic function.

Role of Preconceptional Care In Ayurveda

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Patil ◽  
J. N. Daruwale
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
Preconceptional Care ◽  
Body Energy ◽  
Healthy Body

Reproduction is one of the basic requirement of any species to continue it's existence in universe. Stage wise procedure are included in human reproduction leading to formation of new individual. In this finely calculated series of events any deviation can lead to drastic pathological condition. The preconceptional care in Ayurveda was described centuries back to get deceased free and good progeny by following the regimen and ritual. The reaserchers show that each seminal ejaculation in intercourse depletes the body energy of sperm for 1 month before conception was planned. The aim of Aharaniyama before conception was to evaluate the qualities of sperm and ovum. Thus, to get a Shreyashipraja, this study is to explore Ayurveda measures. Aims and Objects:- To collect the literary resources regarding preconceptional care in Ayurveda. Discussion: Ayurveda texts have included and deeply discussed about preconcrptional care fir good progeny and all those points are discussed further.  Conclusion: A person with healthy body and healthy mind would also give birth to a healthy progeny. Ayurveda preconception measure helps to achieve the goal of preparing couple for a new life and to contribute towards healthy society.

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