Effect of laser scanning angle and atmospheric oxygen on mechanical properties and microstructural morphology of selective laser-sintered aluminum-filled polyamide monolayers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando J. Alamos ◽  
Jorge A. Ramos-Grez ◽  
Loreto M. Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Scanning Angle ◽  
Sintered Aluminum ◽  
Microstructural Morphology

Influence of Process Parameters on the Mechanical Response of Various Layers Processed Using Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ahmed ◽  
H. Doak ◽  
A. Mian ◽  
R. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Direct Metal Laser Sintering ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Microstructural Morphology ◽  
Laser Scanning Speed

During the DMLS process, sintering of the top layer creates melting and heat affected zone in previously sintered layers. In this paper, we will examine the effects of any given process parameter, such as laser power and laser scanning speed, on the mechanical properties and microstructural morphology within the processed layers.

scholarly journals Effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 744-760
Author(s):  
Rongxia Chai ◽  
Yapu Zhang ◽  
Bin Zhong ◽  
Chuanwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Laser Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Cladding Layer ◽  
Microstructural Morphology ◽  
Scan Speed

Abstract The laser scanning parameters used in laser additive manufacturing (LAM) can impact the growth direction of the columnar grains produced during rapid solidification. This growth direction affects the mechanical properties of the manufactured parts after cladding. The effective use of a high laser power and a rapid scanning speed for LAM requires an accurate analysis of the relationships between the laser scanning process parameters and the grain growth direction and microstructural morphology of the scanned material. An experimental study was conducted to determine the macromorphology, microstructural morphology, and grain growth direction of 304 stainless steel material obtained during the laser scanning process at different scan speeds. The impact of the scan speed on different regions in the cladding layer (the clad zone (CZ), the heat affected zone (HAZ), and the dilution zone (DZ)) was determined, as well as on the direction of grain growth, the grain morphology and the grain size (which are the microstructures of the cladded materials), the degree of elemental mixing during laser scanning (which are changes in material composition of cladded material), and the microscopic hardness of the CZ (which is one of the mechanical properties of cladded material). With increasing scan speed, the CZ, HAZ, DZ, and dilution rate (DR) of the material gradually decreased, and grain growth gradually oriented towards the building direction of the cladding layer. At a 16 mm·s−1 scan speed, the angle between the grain growth direction and the scan direction was 84°. Changing the scan speed from 4 to 16 mm·s−1 caused the columnar grain size to gradually decrease from 13.3 to 9.2 μm and the corresponding microhardness to gradually increase.

scholarly journals Effect of Microwave and Conventional Modes of Heating on Sintering Behavior, Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mn Alloys

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3675
Author(s):  
A. Muthuchamy ◽  
Muthe Srikanth ◽  
Dinesh K. Agrawal ◽  
A. Raja Annamalai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Sintered Sample ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Sintered Alloy ◽  
Conventional Radiation ◽  
Sintered Aluminum ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion

In this research, we intended to examine the effect of heating mode on the densification, microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of sintered aluminum alloys. The compacts were sintered in conventional (radiation-heated) and microwave (2.45 GHz, multimode) sintering furnaces followed by aging. Detailed analysis of the final sintered aluminum alloys was done using optical and scanning electron microscopes. The observations revealed that the microwave sintered sample has a relatively finer microstructure compared to its conventionally sintered counterparts. The experimental results also show that microwave sintered alloy has the best mechanical properties over conventionally sintered compacts. Similarly, the microwave sintered samples showed better corrosion resistance than conventionally sintered ones.

Mechanical Properties of Electroplated Copper Thin Films

1999 ◽  
Vol 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Spolenak ◽  
C. A. Volkert ◽  
K. Takahashi ◽  
S. Fiorillo ◽  
J. Miner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Cu Films ◽  
Electroplated Copper

AbstractIt is well known that the mechanical properties of thin films depend critically on film thickness However, the contributions from film thickness and grain size are difficult to separate, because they typically scale with each other. In one study by Venkatraman and Bravman, Al films, which were thinned using anodic oxidation to reduce film thickness without changing grain size, showed a clear increase in yield stress with decreasing film thickness.We have performed a similar study on both electroplated and sputtered Cu films by using chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) to reduce the film thickness without changing the grain size. Stress-temperature curves were measured for both the electroplated and sputtered Cu films with thicknesses between 0.1 and 1.8 microns using a laser scanning wafer curvature technique. The yield stress at room temperature was found to increase with decreasing film thickness for both sets of samples. The sputtered films, however, showed higher yield stresses in comparison to the electroplated films. Most of these differences can be attributed to the different microstructures of the films, which were determined by focused ion beam (FIB) microscopy and x-ray diffraction.

Variance Quantification of Different Additive Manufacturing Processes for Acoustic Meta Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 2708-2723
Author(s):  
Manuel Bopp ◽  
Arn Joerger ◽  
Matthias Behrendt ◽  
Albert Albers
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Different Levels

Many concepts for acoustic meta materials rely on additive manufacturing techniques. Depending on the production process and material of choice, different levels of precision and repeatability can be achieved. In addition, different materials have different mechanical properties, many of which are frequency dependent and cannot easily be measured directly. In this contribution the authors have designed different resonator elements, which have been manufactured utilizing Fused Filament Fabrication with ABSplus and PLA, as well as PolyJet Fabrication with VeroWhitePlus. All structures are computed in FEA to obtain the calculated Eigenfrequencies and mode shapes, with the respective literature values for each material. Furthermore, the dynamic behavior of multiple instances of each structure is measured utilizing a 3D-Laser-Scanning Vibrometer under shaker excitation, to obtain the actual Eigenfrequencies and mode shapes. The results are then analyzed in regards to variance between different print instances, and in regards to accordance between measured and calculated results. Based on previous work and this analysis the parameters of the FEA models are updated to improve the result quality.

scholarly journals The Effect of Electroslag Remelting on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CrNiMoWMnV Ultrahigh-Strength Steels

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ali ◽  
David Porter ◽  
Jukka Kömi ◽  
Mamdouh Eissa ◽  
Hoda El Faramawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Electroslag Remelting ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Ultrahigh Strength ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Ultrahigh Strength Steels

The effect of electroslag remelting (ESR) with CaF2-based synthetic slag on the microstructure and mechanical properties of three as-quenched martensitic/martensitic-bainitic ultrahigh-strength steels with tensile strengths in the range of 1250–2000 MPa was investigated. Ingots were produced both without ESR, using induction furnace melting and casting, and with subsequent ESR. The cast ingots were forged at temperatures between 1100 and 950 °C and air cooled. Final microstructures were investigated using laser scanning confocal microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray diffraction, color etching, and micro-hardness measurements. Mechanical properties were investigated through measurement of hardness, tensile properties and Charpy-V impact toughness. The microstructures of the investigated steels were mainly auto-tempered martensite in addition to small fractions of retained austenite and bainite. Due to the consequences of subtle modifications in chemical composition, ESR had a considerable impact on the final microstructural features: Prior austenite grain, effective martensite grain, and lath sizes were refined by up to 52%, 38%, and 28%, respectively. Moreover, the 95th percentiles in the cumulative size distribution of the precipitates decreased by up to 18%. However, ESR had little, if any, the effect on microsegregation. The variable effects of ESR on mechanical properties and how they depend on the initial steel composition are discussed.

Investigation of the Fracture of Resinated Single Wood Fibers in an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (Esem)

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 838-839
Author(s):  
A. Egan ◽  
S. Shaler
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Scanning Electron

Single fiber fracture is important in understanding the fundamental failure mechanisms in wood/polymer composite products such as medium density fiberboard (MDF). The mechanical properties and fracture behavior of individual wood fibers has only recently been observable using a combination of environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), laser scanning confocal microscopy and digital image correlation (DIC). Previous work has shown that specific areas on the fiber such as microcompressions and pits acted as crack nucelators and induce a brash fracture across the surface of the fiber. Given the development of these procedures it is now possible to observe and measure the mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of the wood fiber/ polymer composite fibers.Individual black spruce wood fibers were coated with diphenylmethane 4-4'diisocyanate resin containing Hostasol Red GG. The addition of the Hostasol Red flurochrome provided the option of quantifying resin coverage by fluorescence microscopy.

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