Phentermine induces conditioned rewarding effects via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the nucleus accumbens

2016 ◽  
Vol 233 (8) ◽  
pp. 1405-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sa-Ik Hong ◽  
Min-Jung Kim ◽  
In-Jee You ◽  
Seung-Hwan Kwon ◽  
Shi-Xun Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway

scholarly journals Nucleus Accumbens Dopamine D3 Receptor Regulates Microglial M1 Polarization Through Akt Signaling Pathway in the Depressive-Like Behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Simin Lai ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Ting Zhou ◽  
Nan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Dopamine D3 Receptor ◽  
D3 Receptor ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway ◽  
M1 Polarization ◽  
Dopamine D3

Abstract Background: Nucleus accumbens (NAc) inflammation is implicated in the development and progression of depression but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. We previously reported that dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) expressed in the NAc strongly correlated with inflammation-related depression. The objective of the present study is to determine the exact mechanism of D3R in the NAc inflammation relevant depression.Methods: Bilateral NAc injection of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NAc inflammation mouse model was used to explore the relationship between NAc inflammation and depressive-like behaviors. Either conditional knockout of D3R in the NAc in the adult mice or restoration of D3R expression in the NAc in D3R mutant mice was applied to investigate the effects of D3R in the NAc on depressive disorders. The exact molecular mechanism of D3R in the NAc inflammation-induced depressive-like phenotype was ascertained by in vivo and in vitro studies. Results: NAc inflammation induced by intra-NAc LPS triggered a series of depressive-like disorders, and the interaction of D3R and microglia activation involved in the NAc inflammation-induced depressive-like phenotype. We observed that selective knock-down of D3R in the NAc elicited the depressive-like behaviors, but re-expression of D3R in the NAc alleviated the depressive-like behaviors established by D3R mutation. Finally, D3R in the NAc mediated microglial polarization to M1 phenotype mainly through Akt signaling pathway. Conclusions: These findings provide direct evidence that not only NAc inflammation but also down-regulation of D3R in the NAc has a role in regulation the initiation and development of depression, and indicate that D3R negatively regulated microglial M1 polarization mainly via Akt signaling pathway that may be involved in the NAc inflammation and thereby depressive-like behaviors.

scholarly journals AKT Signaling Pathway in the Nucleus Accumbens Mediates Excessive Alcohol Drinking Behaviors

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémie Neasta ◽  
Sami Ben Hamida ◽  
Quinn V. Yowell ◽  
Sebastien Carnicella ◽  
Dorit Ron
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Drinking Behaviors

Biological role of AKT, and regulation of AKT signaling pathway by thymoquinone: perspectives in cancer therapeutics

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Junaid ◽  
Yeasmin Akter ◽  
Syeda Samira Afrose ◽  
Mousumi Tania ◽  
Md. Asaduzzaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Anti Cancer

Background: AKT/PKB is an important enzyme with numerous biological functions, and its overexpression is related to the carcinogenesis. AKT stimulates different signaling pathways that are downstream of activated tyrosine kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, hence functions as an important target for anti-cancer drugs. Objective: In this review article, we have interpreted the role of AKT signaling pathways in cancer and natural inhibitory effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) in AKT and its possible mechanism. Method: We have collected the updated information and data on AKT, their role in cancer and inhibitory effect of TQ in AKT signaling pathway from google scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, Scopus and many more. Results: There are many drugs already developed, which can target AKT, but very few among them have passed clinical trials. TQ is a natural compound, mainly found in black cumin, which has been found to have potential anti-cancer activities. TQ targets numerous signaling pathways, including AKT, in different cancers. In fact, many studies revealed that AKT is one of the major targets of TQ. The preclinical success of TQ suggests its clinical studies on cancer. Conclusion: This review article summarizes the role of AKT in carcinogenesis, its potent inhibitors in clinical trials, and how TQ acts as an inhibitor of AKT and TQ’s future as a cancer therapeutic drug.

scholarly journals Retraction: Salvianolic acid B inhibits inflammatory response and cell apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in IL-1β-induced osteoarthritis chondrocytes

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 4441-4441
Author(s):  
Laura Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Salvianolic Acid B ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Salvianolic Acid ◽  
Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes

Retraction of ‘Salvianolic acid B inhibits inflammatory response and cell apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in IL-1β-induced osteoarthritis chondrocytes’ by Bin Zhu et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 36422–36429, DOI: 10.1039/C8RA02418A.

CNOT7 modulates biological functions of ovarian cancer cells via AKT signaling pathway

Life Sciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 118996
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Yu ◽  
Xiaoli Hu ◽  
Xiuxiu Chen ◽  
Qiangyong Zhou ◽  
Qi Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway

scholarly journals Gambogic acid protects LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation in a cell model of neonatal pneumonia through the regulation of TrkA/Akt signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Gao ◽  
Jingya Dai ◽  
Guifang Li ◽  
Xinya Dai
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Gambogic Acid ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Apoptosis And Inflammation

Abstract Objective In this work, we investigated the effects of gambogic acid (GA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis and inflammation in a cell model of neonatal pneumonia. Method Human WI-38 cells were maintained in vitro and incubated with various concentrations of GA to examine WI-38 survival. GA-preincubated WI-38 cells were then treated with LPS to investigate the protective effects of GA on LPS-induced death, apoptosis and inflammation. Western blot assay was utilized to analyze the effect of GA on tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) signaling pathway in LPS-treated WI-38 cells. In addition, human AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (Akt) gene was knocked down in WI-38 cells to further investigate the associated genetic mechanisms of GA in protecting LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis. Results Pre-incubating WI-38 cells with low and medium concentrations GA protected LPS-induced cell death, apoptosis and inflammatory protein productions of IL-6 and MCP-1. Using western blot assay, it was demonstrated that GA promoted TrkA phosphorylation and Akt activation in LPS-treated WI-38 cells. Knocking down Akt gene in WI-38 cells showed that GA-associated protections against LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation were significantly reduced. Conclusions GA protected LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation, possibly through the activations of TrkA and Akt signaling pathway. This work may broaden our understanding on the molecular mechanisms of human neonatal pneumonia.

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