Morphology and ultrastructure of the tarsal adhesive organs of the Madagascar hissing cockroach Gromphadorhina portentosa

The structure of insect salivary glands has been extensively investigated during the past decade; however, none have attempted scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in ultrastructural examinations of these secretory organs. This study correlates fine structure by means of SEM cryofractography with that of thin-sectioned epoxy embedded material observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Salivary glands of Gromphadorhina portentosa were excised and immediately submerged in cold (4°C) paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative1 for 2 hr, washed and post-fixed in 1 per cent 0s04 in phosphosphate buffer (4°C for 2 hr). After ethanolic dehydration half of the samples were embedded in Epon 812 for TEM and half cryofractured and subsequently critical point dried for SEM. Dried specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with approximately 150 Å of gold in a cold sputtering apparatus.Figure 1 shows a cryofractured plane through a salivary acinus revealing topographical relief of secretory vesicles.

Download Full-text

Roundup negatively impacts the behavior and nerve function of the Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-13021-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Megha Kanabar ◽

Samuel Bauer ◽

Zimuzo M. Ezedum ◽

Ian P. Dwyer ◽

William S. Moore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nerve Function ◽

Gromphadorhina Portentosa

Download Full-text

Substrate Selection of Ascidian Larva: Wettability and Nano-Structures

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse9060634 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 634

Author(s):

Euichi Hirose ◽

Noburu Sensui

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Substrate Selection ◽

Artificial Structures ◽

Substrate Preferences ◽

Nano Structures ◽

Hydrophobic Materials ◽

Faunal Communities ◽

Adhesive Organs ◽

Fouling Organisms ◽

Selection Of

Ascidians are marine sessile chordates that comprise one of the major benthic animal groups in marine ecosystems. They sometimes cause biofouling problems on artificial structures underwater, and non-indigenous, invasive ascidian species can potentially and seriously alter native faunal communities. Ascidian larvae are usually tadpole-shaped, negatively phototactic, and adhere on substrates by secreting a glue from their adhesive organs. Although larvae often prefer hydrophobic surfaces, such as a silicone rubber, for settlement, hydrophobic materials are often used to reduce occurrence of fouling organisms on artificial structures. This inconsistency may indicate that an attractive surface for larvae is not always suitable for settlement. Micro-scale structures or roughness may enhance the settlement of ascidian larvae, but settlement is significantly reduced by a nano-scale nipple array (or moth-eye structure), suggesting functional properties of similar structures found on the body surfaces of various invertebrates. The substrate preferences of larvae should be one of the important bases in considering measures against biofouling, and this review also discusses the potential uses of materials to safely reduce the impacts of invasive species.

Download Full-text

Proteomic dataset of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus adhesive organs and secreted adhesive

Data in Brief ◽

10.1016/j.dib.2016.04.002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 1497-1505 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nicolas Lebesgue ◽

Gonçalo da Costa ◽

Raquel Mesquita Ribeiro ◽

Cristina Ribeiro-Silva ◽

Gabriel G. Martins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sea Urchin ◽

Paracentrotus Lividus ◽

Proteomic Dataset ◽

Adhesive Organs

Download Full-text

The Mating Behavior of Gromphadorhina Portentosa (Schaum) (Blattaria, Blaberoidea, Blaberidae, Oxyhaloinae): An Anomalous Pattern for a Cockroach

Psyche A Journal of Entomology ◽

10.1155/1968/96242 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 124-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Robert H. Barth

Keyword(s):

Mating Behavior ◽

Gromphadorhina Portentosa ◽

Anomalous Pattern

Download Full-text

Entomobacter blattae gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the Acetobacteraceae isolated from the gut of the cockroach Gromphadorhina portentosa

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijsem.0.004666 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Juan Guzman ◽

Atena Sadat Sombolestani ◽

Anja Poehlein ◽

Rolf Daniel ◽

Ilse Cleenwerck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

16S Rrna ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Protein Sequences ◽

Acetic Acid Bacteria ◽

Content Type ◽

Link Type ◽

The Family ◽

Gromphadorhina Portentosa

A novel bacterium designated G55GPT and pertaining to the family Acetobacteraceae was isolated from the gut of the Madagascar hissing cockroach Gromphadorhina portentosa. The Gram-negative cells were rod-shaped and non-motile. The complete 16S rRNA sequence of the strain G55GPT showed the highest pairwise similarity to Gluconacetobacter johannae CFN-Cf-55T (95.35 %), suggesting it represents a potential new genus of the family Acetobacteraceae . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and 106 orthologous housekeeping protein sequences revealed that G55GPT forms a monophyletic clade with the genus Commensalibacter , which thus far has also been isolated exclusively from insects. The G55GPT genome size was 2.70 Mbp, and the G+C content was 45.4 mol%, which is lower than most acetic acid bacteria (51–68 mol%) but comparable to Swingsia samuiensis AH83T (45.1 mol%) and higher than Commensalibacter intestini A911T (36.8 mol%). Overall genome relatedness indices based on gene and protein sequences strongly supported the assignment of G55GPT to a new genus within the family Acetobacteraceae . The percentage of conserved proteins, which is a useful metric for genus differentiation, was below 54 % when comparing G55GPT to type strains of acetic acid bacteria, thus strongly supporting our hypothesis that G55GPT is a member of a yet-undescribed genus. The fatty acid composition of G55GPT differed from that of closely related acetic acid bacteria, particularly given the presence of C19 : 1 ω9c/ω11c and the absence of C14 : 0 and C14 : 0 2-OH fatty acids. Strain G55GPT also differed in terms of metabolic features such as its ability to produce acid from d-mannitol, and its inability to produce acetic acid from ethanol or to oxidize glycerol to dihydroxyacetone. Based on the results of combined genomic, phenotypic and phylogenetic characterizations, isolate G55GPT (=LMG 31394T=DSM 111244T) is considered to represent a new species in a new genus, for which we propose the name Entomobacter blattae gen. nov., sp. nov.

Download Full-text

Cellular morphology in haploid amphibian embryos

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.59.1.249 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 249-261

Author(s):

Mark S. Ellinger ◽

Judith A. Murphy

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Scanning Electron Microscope ◽

Cell Size ◽

Cellular Morphology ◽

Ciliated Cells ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Gill Filaments ◽

Adhesive Organs ◽

Haploid Embryos ◽

Scanning Electron

External surfaces of haploid and diploid embryos of Bombina orientalis were examined with the scanning electron microscope to determine the possible contribution of cellular morphology to the amphibian haploid syndrome. Cellular anomalies were prevalent in all surface areas of haploid embryos. The epithelium appeared uneven due to the displacement of ciliated cells and the rounded apical surfaces of the non-ciliated cells. The ratio of ciliated to non-ciliated cells was altered in comparison to diploid embryos. Cells of the gill filaments and adhesive organs were abnormal in morphology, and the adhesive organs themselves were fused into a single large rudiment in haploid embryos. Uniformity of cell size was markedly reduced in head regions of haploid embryos with severe microcephaly. Haploid and diploid embryos elaborated mucoid matrices over the surface cells when removed from the fertilization envelope. It is apparent that aberrant cellular morphologies are widespread in haploid embryos, and it is likely that these defects are major contributors to the gross morphological anomalies of the haploid syndrome.

Download Full-text

Diet Supplementation with Madagascar Cockroach Flour (Gromphadorhina portentosa) Improved Malnourished Mice Metabolism and Ameliorated Liver Inflammatory Markers

Recent Patents on Food Nutrition & Agriculturee ◽

10.2174/2772574x12666211210160819 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 112-122

Author(s):

Janaína Ribeiro Oliveira ◽

Junio Cota ◽

Bruna Mara Carvalho ◽

Theles de Oliveira Costa ◽

Diego Vicente da Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Food Sources ◽

Feed Restriction ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Mice Model ◽

Protein Food ◽

High Quality Protein ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Gromphadorhina Portentosa

Background: Malnutrition and accessible high-quality protein food sources are two of the world’s alimentary challenges. Edible insects are nowadays recognized as a possible functional food solution with lower environmental impacts and beneficial health effects. Objective: In this context, the aim of the present study is to evaluate Madagascar cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) flour supplementation effects on a malnourished mice model, considering its effects on metabolism, adiposity, and inflammatory liver profiles. Method: Male Swiss mice are divided into five groups and fed with experimental diets for eight weeks, including a standard diet (ST) ad libitum, AIN93 ad libitum (AIN), insect flour-enriched AIN93 (AIN+IM), AIN-40% feed restriction (AIN-FR), and insect flour-enriched AIN-40% of feed restriction (AIN-FR+IM). The metabolic profiles, adipose tissue, biochemical parameters, and liver IL-6 and IL-10 expression are evaluated. Results: The main findings show a body weight and metabolism improvement followed by an increased recovery of the adipocyte area in the AIN-FR+IM group when compared to the AIN-FR malnourished group. Reduced hepatic IL-6 and increased IL-10 expression are also detected in the AIN-FR+IM group. Conclusion: The results show that insect flour supplementation enhances both body weight and adiposity gain/recovery. The results also show hepatic improvement of inflammatory markers.

Download Full-text