Pilot-scale process development for low-cost production of a thermostable biodiesel refining enzyme in Escherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Eberhardt ◽  
Andres Aguirre ◽  
Luciana Paoletti ◽  
Guillermo Hails ◽  
Mauricio Braia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pilot Scale

Tracking an Escherichia coli O157:H7–Contaminated Batch of Leafy Greens through a Pilot-Scale Fresh-Cut Processing Line

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1487-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNEMARIE L. BUCHHOLZ ◽  
GORDON R. DAVIDSON ◽  
BRADLEY P. MARKS ◽  
EWEN C. D. TODD ◽  
ELLIOT T. RYSER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Iceberg Lettuce ◽  
Processing Line ◽  
Fresh Cut

Cross-contamination of fresh-cut leafy greens with residual Escherichia coli O157:H7–contaminated product during commercial processing was likely a contributing factor in several recent multistate outbreaks. Consequently, radicchio was used as a visual marker to track the spread of the contaminated product to iceberg lettuce in a pilot-scale processing line that included a commercial shredder, step conveyor, flume tank, shaker table, and centrifugal dryer. Uninoculated iceberg lettuce (45 kg) was processed, followed by 9.1 kg of radicchio (dip inoculated to contain a four-strain, green fluorescent protein–labeled nontoxigenic E. coli O157:H7 cocktail at 106 CFU/g) and 907 kg (2,000 lb) of uninoculated iceberg lettuce. After collecting the lettuce and radicchio in about 40 bags (~22.7 kg per bag) along with water and equipment surface samples, all visible shreds of radicchio were retrieved from the bags of shredded product, the equipment, and the floor. E. coli O157:H7 populations were quantified in the lettuce, water, and equipment samples by direct plating with or without prior membrane filtration on Trypticase soy agar containing 0.6% yeast extract and 100 ppm of ampicillin. Based on triplicate experiments, the weight of radicchio in the shredded lettuce averaged 614.9 g (93.6%), 6.9 g (1.3%), 5.0 g (0.8%), and 2.8 g (0.5%) for bags 1 to 10, 11 to 20, 21 to 30, and 31 to 40, respectively, with mean E. coli O157:H7 populations of 1.7, 1.2, 1.1, and 1.1 log CFU/g in radicchio-free lettuce. After processing, more radicchio remained on the conveyor (9.8 g; P < 0.05), compared with the shredder (8.3 g), flume tank (3.5 g), and shaker table (0.1 g), with similar E. coli O157:H7 populations (P > 0.05) recovered from all equipment surfaces after processing. These findings clearly demonstrate both the potential for the continuous spread of contaminated lettuce to multiple batches of product during processing and the need for improved equipment designs that minimize the buildup of residual product during processing.

Mocvd SrS:Ce for Applications in Electroluminescent Devices

1997 ◽  
Vol 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Endisch ◽  
K. Barth ◽  
J. Lau ◽  
G. Peterson ◽  
A. E. Kaloyeros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Development ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Full Color

ABSTRACTSrS:Ce is an important material for full color electroluminescent (EL) flat panel displays. Using a combination of SrS:Ce/ZnS:Mn and appropriate color filters high quality full color displays have been demonstrated [1]. Major issues for commercially viable process integration of SrS:Ce are the combination of high luminance, high growth rate, and process temperatures below 600°C for compatibility with low cost glass substrates. This work describes the process development and optimization of metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) of SrS:Ce. MOCVD is a promising candidate for deposition of SrS:Ce because it can provide the required growth rates and allows control of crystal structure and stoichiometry. Growth of SrS:Ce was performed in the temperature range from 400°C to 530°C using Sr(tmhd)2, Ce(tmhd)4, and H2S as precursors. The structure of the SrS:Ce was found to be strongly dependent on the H2S flow. A brightness of 15 fL and an efficiency of 0.22 lm/W has been achieved (40 V above threshold voltage, 60 Hz AC). Film analysis included Rutherford backscattering (RBS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and EL measurements. Results on the correlation between process parameters, film structure, grain size and EL performance will be presented.

scholarly journals Pilot-Scale Production of Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters by an Engineered Escherichia coli Strain Harboring the p(Microdiesel) Plasmid

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (13) ◽  
pp. 4560-4565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Elbahloul ◽  
Alexander Steinbüchel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
A Cell

ABSTRACT Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) were produced in this study by the use of an engineered Escherichia coli p(Microdiesel) strain. Four fed-batch pilot scale cultivations were carried out by first using glycerol as sole carbon source for biomass production before glucose and oleic acid were added as carbon sources. Cultivations yielded a cell density of up to 61 ± 3.1 g of cell dry mass (CDM) per liter and a maximal FAEE content of 25.4% ± 1.1% (wt/wt) of CDM.

Novel biofilm reactor for denitrification of municipal wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1566-1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Rathnaweera ◽  
B. Rusten ◽  
K. Korczyk ◽  
B. Helland ◽  
E. Rismyhr
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Good Filter ◽  
Solids Removal

Abstract A pilot-scale CFIC® (continuous flow intermittent cleaning) reactor was run in anoxic conditions to study denitrification of wastewater. The CFIC process has already proven its capabilities for biological oxygen demand removal with a small footprint, less energy consumption and low cost. The present study focused on the applicability for denitrification. Both pre-denitrification (pre-DN) and post-denitrification (post-DN) were tested. A mixture of primary treated wastewater and nitrified wastewater was used for pre-DN and nitrified wastewater with ethanol as a carbon source was used for post-DN. The pre-DN process was carbon limited and removal rates of only 0.16 to 0.74 g NOx-N/m²-d were obtained. With post-DN and an external carbon source, 0.68 to 2.2 g NO3-Neq/m²-d removal rates were obtained. The carrier bed functioned as a good filter for both the larger particles coming with influent water and the bio-solids produced in the reactor. Total suspended solids removal in the reactor varied from 20% to 78% (average 45%) during post-DN testing period and 9% to 70% (average 29%) for pre-DN. The results showed that the forward flow washing improves both the DN function and filtration ability of the reactor.

Low Cost Controlled Composting of Refuse and Sewage Sludge

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 839-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Pereira-Neto ◽  
E. I. Stentiford ◽  
D. D. Mara
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fixed Rate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temperature Feedback ◽  
Forced Aeration ◽  
Domestic Refuse ◽  
Faecal Streptococci

The forced aeration static pile composting system was used to compost mixtures of domestic refuse and sewage sludge. Several different control methods have been evaluated over the past four years from simple, low cost fixed rate aeration timers to microcomputer based systems. Their relative merits are considered. In a compost pile using temperature feedback control the number of Escherichia coli were reduced from 107 org./g to less than 102 org./g. within 16 days. Faecal streptococci were reduced from 107 to less than 102 org./g within 30 days. The process consistently produced a good quality sanitised material under a range of control regimes.

scholarly journals Rapid, simple, low-cost smartphone-based fluorescence detection of Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Dante Rojas-Barboza ◽  
◽  
Edward Park ◽  
Rolfe Sassenfeld ◽  
Jeremy Winder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fluorescence Detection ◽  
Low Cost

scholarly journals Efficacy of a solar still in destroying virus and indicator bacteria in water for human consumption

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Felipe Tiago do Nascimento ◽  
Carlos Augusto do Nascimento ◽  
Fernando Rosado Spilki ◽  
Rodrigo Staggemeier ◽  
Cláudio Marcos Lauer Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Probable Number

Natural water distillation can destroy and/or inactivate microorganisms that are sensitive to heat and ultraviolet radiation (UV). This method is currently used to provide fresh water in ships and in the desalination of brackish water. For the development of this research, a pilot-scale solar still was built and installed in the southern region of Brazil, in order to assess its efficiency in water disinfection, which was based on the most probable number (MPN) of total coliforms and  Escherichia coli, in addition to the DNA copy number of human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5) in raw, undistilled samples and in treated distilled water. Results showed that the distillation process removed 100% of total coliform and Escherichia coli and 4.5 log (99.997%) of HAdV-5, which meets the microbiological standards for drinking water according to national Brazilian regulations, as well as USEPA and HEALTH CANADA requirements.

Image Processing for Solar Cell Analysis, Diagnostics and Quality Assurance Inspection

2013 ◽  
pp. 338-375
Author(s):  
Michael G. Mauk
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Image Capturing ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Primary Focus

Image capturing, processing, and analysis have numerous uses in solar cell research, device and process development and characterization, process control, and quality assurance and inspection. Solar cell image processing is expanding due to the increasing performance (resolution, sensitivity, spectral range) and low-cost of commercial CCD and infrared cameras. Methods and applications are discussed, with primary focus on monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon solar cells using visible and infrared (thermography) wavelengths. The most prominent applications relate to mapping of minority carrier lifetime, shunts, and defects in solar cell wafers, in various stages of the manufacturing process. Other applications include measurements of surface texture and reflectivity, surface cleanliness, integrity of metallization lines, uniformity of coatings, and crystallographic texture and grain size. Image processing offers the capability to assess large-areas (> 100 cm2) with a non-contact, fast (~ 1 second), and modest cost. The challenge is to quantify and interpret the image data in order to better inform device design, process engineering, and quality control. Many promising solar cell technologies fail in the transition from laboratory to factory due to issues related to scale-up in area and manufacturing throughput. Image analysis provides an effective method to assess areal uniformity, device-to-device reproducibility, and defect densities. More integration of image analysis from research devices to field testing of modules will continue as the photovoltaics industry matures.

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