Arsenic Speciation Governs Arsenic Uptake and Transport in Terrestrial Plants

As a strategy of arsenic-containing mine tailing soil, the application of arsenic hyper-accumulator plants such as Pteris vittata shows high potential. Previous studies suggest that the arsenic uptake by P. vittata is largely determined by arsenic speciation, which is strongly influenced by microbial activities. In this study, two arsenic hyper-accumulators, P. vittata that is a subtropical plant and Pteris multifida that has been found in northeastern Japan, were selected and the their rhizobacteria were investigated. Pot experiments of P. vittata and P. multifida cultivation were performed. The concentration of total arsenic in the plant samples was monitored by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry. Microbes in the rhizosphere samples were investigated by 16S rDNA library analysis and arsenic resistant bacteria isolation. The results showed that both ferns accumulated As, while P. multifida was more resistant to cold weather. Two ferns presented different rhizobacterial communities and cultivatable bacteria number, but bacteria that contain As(III) oxidase gene or As(III) oxidation activity were confirmed in both rhizosphere samples. The results of present study suggested that the cultivation of ferns changed the microbial communities in soil (rhizosphere), and microbial activity in the rhizosphere played a role in As(III) oxidation. Since ferns absorbs As(III) and As(V) in different efficiency, this study provided hints when linking microbial As transformation to As uptake by ferns which is important when designing pre-treatment procedures of phytoremediation.

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Arsenic uptake and transport of Pteris vittata L. as influenced by phosphate and inorganic arsenic species under sand culture

Journal of Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1016/s1001-0742(07)60119-3 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 714-718 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Ze-chun HUANG ◽

Zhi-zhuang AN ◽

Tong-bin CHEN ◽

Mei LEI ◽

Xi-yuan XIAO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inorganic Arsenic ◽

Arsenic Species ◽

Pteris Vittata ◽

Sand Culture ◽

Arsenic Uptake ◽

Inorganic Arsenic Species ◽

Pteris Vittata L ◽

Uptake And Transport

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Use of SEM, X-ray analysis and TEM to localize Fe3+ reduction in roots

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100104029 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 392-393 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

William P. Wergin ◽

P. F. Bell ◽

Rufus L. Chaney

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Root Hairs ◽

Rapid Reduction ◽

X Ray ◽

Physical Evidence ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Young Root ◽

Insoluble Precipitate ◽

Uptake And Transport ◽

Scanning Electron

In dicotyledons, Fe3+ must be reduced to Fe2+ before uptake and transport of this essential macronutrient can occur. Ambler et al demonstrated that reduction along the root could be observed by the formation of a stain, Prussian blue (PB), Fe4 [Fe(CN)6]3 n H2O (where n = 14-16). This stain, which is an insoluble precipitate, forms at the reduction site when the nutrient solution contains Fe3+ and ferricyanide. In 1972, Chaney et al proposed a model which suggested that the Fe3+ reduction site occurred outside the cell membrane; however, no physical evidence to support the model was presented at that time. A more recent study using the PB stain indicates that rapid reduction of Fe3+ occurs in a region of the root containing young root hairs. Furthermore the most pronounced activity occurs in plants that are deficient in Fe. To more precisely localize the site of Fe3+ reduction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to examine the distribution of the PB precipitate that was induced to form in roots.

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Water uptake and transport of soybeans as a function of rooting patterns

10.31274/rtd-180813-3556 ◽

1980 ◽

Author(s):

Yeong-Sang Jung

Keyword(s):

Water Uptake ◽

Rooting Patterns ◽

Uptake And Transport

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of The role of terrestrial plants in limiting atmospheric CO(2) decline over the past 24 million years.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1163020.623667 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Owen Atkin

Keyword(s):

Terrestrial Plants ◽

The Past

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Arsenic speciation in rice and risk assessment of inorganic arsenic from Ghentugachhi village of Chakdaha block, Nadia, West Bengal, India

ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice ◽

10.35709/ory.2020.57.2.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 85-93

Author(s):

B Sinha ◽

K Bhattacharyya

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

West Bengal ◽

Arsenic Speciation ◽

Inorganic Arsenic ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Species Determination ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

As Species ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The purpose of the present study was to assess arsenic (As) speciation in rice from West Bengal, India, in order to improve understanding of the health risk posed by arsenic in Indian rice. Rice is a potentially important route of human exposure to arsenic, especially in populations with rice-based diets. However, arsenic toxicity varies greatly with species. Determination of arsenic (As) species in rice is necessary because inorganic As species are more toxic than organic As. Total arsenic was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid, and dimethyarsinic acid were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography- inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The analysis of a rice flour certified reference material (SRM-1568-a) were evaluated for quality assurance. The use of 2M TFA for extraction with an isocratic mobile phase was optimized for extraction and employed for arsenic speciation in rice. The extraction method showed a high recovery of arsenic. Most of the As species in rice were noticed to be inorganic [Arsenite (As-III), Arsenate As-V]. It appeared very clear from the present study that inorganic arsenic shared maximum arsenic load in rice straw while in grains it is considerably low. As species recovered from rice grain and straw are principally As-III and As-V with a little share of DMA and almost non-detectable MMA and As-B. The order of As species in rice grain revealed in this study were As-III (54.5-65.4 %)>As-V(21.2-28.3%)>DMA(5.2%).

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Effect of Green Tea and (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate on the Pharmacokinetics of Rosuvastatin

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1389200221666200514133355 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 471-478

Author(s):

Shenjia Huang ◽

Qingqing Xu ◽

Linsheng Liu ◽

Yicong Bian ◽

Shichao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Green Tea ◽

Cell Model ◽

Hek293t Cell ◽

Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽

Drug Uptake ◽

Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Time Curve ◽

Uptake And Transport

Background: Green tea can inhibit OATPs, so it may interact with the substrate of OATPs, such as rosuvastatin. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of green tea on the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin and its mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats received different doses of green tea extract (GTE) and (-)- epigallocatechin-3- gallate (EGCG). Caco-2 cells and OATP1B1-HEK293T cells were used in drug uptake and transport assay. The matrix concentrations of rosuvastatin and catechins were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Results: GTE and EGCG were both found to increase the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞) of rosuvastatin ((p<0.050). In the Caco-2 cell model, the uptake and transport of rosuvastatin in the GTE groups were 1.94-fold (p<0.001) and 2.11-fold (p<0.050) higher, respectively, than those of the control group. However, in the EGCG group, the uptake and transport of rosuvastatin were decreased by 22.62% and 44.19%, respectively (p<0.050). In the OATP1B1- HEK293T cell model, the OATP1B1-mediated rosuvastatin uptake was decreased by GTE to 35.02% of that in the control (p<0.050) and was decreased by EGCG to 45.61% of that in the control (p<0.050). Conclusion: GTE increased the systemic rosuvastatin exposure in rats. The mechanism may include an increase in rosuvastatin absorption and a decrease in liver distribution by inhibiting OATP1B1. EGCG may be the main ingredient of green tea that affects the pharmacokinetic parameters of rosuvastatin. Our results showed the importance of conducting green tea-rosuvastatin study.

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Bioprospecting Cryptogams as Potential Source of Unique Biodynamic Phytochemicals with Diverse Pharmaceutical Applications

Cryptogam Biodiversity and Assessment ◽

10.21756/cba.v1i1.10959 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Brahma N. Singh ◽

Garima Pandey ◽

Prateeksha ◽

J. Kumar

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Higher Plants ◽

New Drugs ◽

Terrestrial Plants ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Therapeutic Drugs ◽

Potential Source ◽

Therapeutic Value ◽

Wide Range ◽

Novel Structures

With the advent of green pharmaceuticals, the secondary metabolites derived from plants have provided numerous leads for the development of a wide range of therapeutic drugs; however the discovery of new drugs with novel structures has declined in the past few years. Cryptogams including lichens, bryophytes, and pteridophytes represent a group of small terrestrial plants that remain relatively untouched in the drug discovery process though some have been used as ethnomedicines by various tribes worldwide. Studies of their secondary metabolites are recent but reveal unique secondary metabolites which are not synthesized by higher plants. These compounds can have the potential to develop more potential herbal drugs for prevention and treatment of diseases The present article . deals with the secondary metabolites and pharmacological activities of cryptogams with an objective to bring them forth as potential source of biodynamic compounds of therapeutic value.

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