Changes in the chemical properties and anti-oxidant activities of curcumin by microwave radiation

Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with strong antioxidant activity. However, this molecule shows a very poor bioavailability, instability, and rapid metabolism in vivo. In this work curcumin was loaded in Eudragit-coated liposomes to create a gastroresistant carrier, able to protect its load from degradation and free it at the site of absorption in the colon region. Small unilamellar vesicles were prepared and coated with Eudragit by a pH-driven method. The physico-chemical properties of the prepared systems were assessed by light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The uptake of vesicles by Caco-2 cells and the anti-oxidant activity in cells were evaluated. The produced vesicles showed dimensions of about forty nanometers that after covering with Eudragit resulted to have micrometric dimensions at acid pH. The experiments showed that at pH > 7.0 the polymeric coating dissolves, releasing the nanometric liposomes and allowing them to enter Caco-2 cells. Delivered curcumin loaded vesicles were then able to decrease significantly ROS levels as induced by H2O2 in Caco-2 cells. The proposed work showed the possibility of realizing effective gastroresistant curcumin liposome formulations for the delivery of antioxidant molecules to Caco-2 cells, potentially applicable to the treatment of pathological conditions related to intestinal oxidative stress.

Download Full-text

Production and Characterization of Extracellular Polymeric Substances by marine Halomonas sp. NASH isolated from Wadi El-Natroun

Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology ◽

10.22207/jpam.14.4.51 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 2745-2756

Author(s):

Asmaa M. Youssif ◽

Moaz M. Hamed ◽

Mohamed A.A. Abdrabo

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽

Halophilic Bacterium ◽

Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽

Initial Inoculum ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Strain Type ◽

Micro Organisms

Halophilic micro-organisms often synthesize and produce extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), whose physical, chemical properties and material properties vary greatly from each other. The extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) development of Halomonas sp. MN795630 strain type halophilic bacterium (NASH) was investigated and whether biotechnological applications were feasible. After 168 hours of incubation, 4 g/L of EPS was produced and all elements from the medium were completely used during the growth. Sucrose has been identified as the most favorable carbon source for production of EPS and maximum production (6 g/l). Beef extract level was shown to be the best for EPS production among different nitrogen sources. Optimum production of EPS (10 g/L) were achieved by supplementing the medium with 4M NaCl, pH adjusted at 9 and the medium was inoculated with 7% initial inoculum. The purified EPS were characterized chemically. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer was observed in several functional groups. EPS also demonstrated an significant inhibitor of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (20.4 and 14.7 mm), respectively. EPS show satisfactory results when applied as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and emulsifier.

Download Full-text

Spicy Bitumen: Curcumin Effects on the Rheological and Adhesion Properties of Asphalt

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14071622 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 1622

Author(s):

Abraham A. Abe ◽

Cesare Oliviero Rossi ◽

Paolino Caputo ◽

Maria Penelope De Santo ◽

Nicolas Godbert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Binder ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Asphalt Pavements ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Adhesion Properties ◽

Adhesion Promoters ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Anti Oxidant

Over the years, the need for the synthesis of biodegradable materials has facilitated the drift of the asphalt industry towards eco-sustainable and cost-effective production of road pavements. The principal additives in the asphalt industry to improve the performance of road pavements and increase its lifespan are majorly rheological modifiers, adhesion promoters and anti-oxidant agents. Rheological modifiers increase physico-chemical properties such as transition temperature of asphalt binder (bitumen), adhesion promoters increase the affinity between binder and stone aggregates while anti-oxidant agents reduce the effects of oxidation caused by exposure to air, water and other natural elements during the production of asphalt pavements. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of a food grade bio-additive on these three aforementioned properties. We also sought to hypothesize the mechanisms by which the additive confers these desired features on bitumen. We present this study to evaluate the effects of turmeric, a food-based additive, on bitumen. The study was conducted through dynamic shear rheology (DSR), atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and boiling test analysis.

Download Full-text

Influence of Microwave Radiation on Whiskey Distillate Quality Indicators

Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications ◽

10.21786/bbrc/14.4.48 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1701-1713

Author(s):

Dmitry M. Borodulin

Keyword(s):

Microwave Radiation ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Classical Method ◽

Import Substitution ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Target Component ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Green Technologies ◽

Oak Chips

The paper aims to evaluate the quality indicators of the whiskey distillate during its maturation under the influence of microwave radiation based on the method of multiple regression analysis to determine the optimal technological parameters for its production. In the course of solving the problem of product import substitution, we tested the patented technology for producing strong alcoholic beverages at the stage of their aging, using oak chips with various degrees of heat treatment. One of the promising areas for intensifying the process of whiskey distillate maturation is applying “green technologies”, with microwave heating being one of them. Positive results were obtained for the effect of microwave radiation on the process of target component extraction from oak chips with a water-alcohol solution. The duration of this extraction process was reduced by more than 2 times, which confirmed its intensity in relation to the classical method. The obtained regression models proved adequate, since the mean relative error varied within 10%. The chromatographic analysis of the whiskey produced at the optimal technological parameters showed that all physical and chemical properties and product safety meet the requirements of the applicable regulations and standards.

Download Full-text

Analysis of chemical compounds’ content in different varieties of carrots, including qualification and quantification of sugars, organic acids, minerals, and bioactive compounds by UPLC

European Food Research and Technology ◽

10.1007/s00217-021-03857-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Emel Yusuf ◽

Karolina Tkacz ◽

Igor Piotr Turkiewicz ◽

Aneta Wojdyło ◽

Paulina Nowicka

Keyword(s):

Organic Acids ◽

Organic Acid ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Sodium Potassium ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Calcium Iron

AbstractTwelve carrot varieties in different colours and sizes were investigated for chemical properties (dry matter, ash, pectins, titratable acidity, and pH), contents of vitamin C, sugar, organic acids, mineral (sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, and magnesium), and anti-oxidant activities (ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC). Moreover, total polyphenolics and total tetraterpenoids of colourful carrot varieties were presented. According to the study, sucrose was the dominant sugar and isocitric acid was the most common organic acid in carrot samples. In the case of mineral content, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and iron were identified, while copper was not identified in carrots. Additionally, most of the analyzed carrots were a good source of pectins (average—1.3%), except for mini-orange carrot. Purple-coloured carrot samples demonstrated the highest results for total sugar (11.2 g/100 g fm), total organic acid (2.8 g/100 g fm), total polyphenolic contents (224.4 mg/100 g fm), and anti-oxidant activities (17.1 mmol Trolox equivalents/100 g dm). In turn, the lowest results were observed in normal yellow carrot for total polyphenols (7.3 mg/100 g fm), and anti-oxidant activities (2.5 mmol Trolox equivalents/100 g dm); besides, the lowest total tetraterpenoids were determined in micro-white carrot—0.2 mg/100 g fm.

Download Full-text

Synthesis and Characterization of Transparent Biodegradable Chitosan: Exopolysaccharide Composite Films Plasticized by Bio-Derived 1,3-Propanediol

Sustainable Chemistry ◽

10.3390/suschem2010004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 49-62

Author(s):

Narisetty Vivek ◽

Nishant Gopalan ◽

Satyajit Das ◽

Keerthi Sasikumar ◽

Raveendran Sindhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Glycerol ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Moisture Absorption ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Composite Films ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

The Fourier Transform

In this study, chitosan-based composite films blended with a dextran like exopolysaccharide derived from lactic acid bacteria were prepared using the solvent casting method. Later, these composite films were plasticized with 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) produced biologically using biodiesel derived crude glycerol. Further, their physical properties, such as tensile strength, water vapor barrier, thermal behavior, and antioxidant properties, were tested. In comparison to the control chitosan-exopolysaccharide films, 1,3-PDO plasticized films increased tensile strengths (20.08 vs. 43.33 MPa) with an elongation percentage (%E) of 20.73, which was two times more than the control films. As a polymer composite, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum displayed the characteristic peaks at 1000 cm−1, 1500 cm−1, and 3000–3500 cm−1 to describe the functional groups related to chitosan, exopolysaccharide, and 1,3-PDOThe thermogravimetric analysis displayed a significant three-step degradation at 100–105 °C, 250–400 °C, and 600 °C, where 100% of the films were degraded. The plasticized films were observed to have enhanced water solubility (51%) and rate of moisture absorption (193%). The plasticized films displayed enhanced physico-chemical properties, anti-oxidant properties, and were100% biodegradable.

Download Full-text

Effect of microwave radiation on physico-chemical properties and structure of potato and tapioca starches

Carbohydrate Polymers ◽

10.1016/s0144-8617(97)00091-x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 213-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Grażyna Lewandowicz ◽

Józef Fornal ◽

Aleksander Walkowski

Keyword(s):

Microwave Radiation ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physico Chemical

Download Full-text

Effect of Microwave Treatment on the Bulk and Nearcontact Properties of Semiconductors of Technical Importance

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-430-471 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 430 ◽

Author(s):

A. A. Belyaev ◽

A. E. Belyaev ◽

I. B. Ermolovich ◽

S. M. Komirenko ◽

R. V. Konakova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Schottky Barrier ◽

Microwave Radiation ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Microwave Treatment ◽

Schottky Barrier Diode ◽

The Other ◽

Semiconductor Materials ◽

Physico Chemical

AbstractWe investigated the effect of microwave radiation on the physico-chemical properties of some semiconductor materials (CdxHgl-xTe, GaAs) and metal (Al, Pt, Cr, Mo, W) - GaAs Schottky barrier diode structures. From comparison with the results of the other treatments (heat annealing, g-irradiation) some suggestions are made concerning possible mechanisms of the interaction between microwave radiation and the objects studied.

Download Full-text