scholarly journals Othello syndrome in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and report of a case series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna De Michele ◽  
Gianluigi Rosario Palmieri ◽  
Chiara Pane ◽  
Carmen Diletta Paola Dello Iacovo ◽  
Sandra Perillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Levodopa Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pubmed Database

Abstract Introduction Psychosis in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is common and consists of hallucinations, illusions, and delusions. Among the latter, delusional jealousy, also named Othello syndrome (OS), might impair the quality of life of both patients and their partners. We aimed to perform a systematic review and report a series of PD patients presenting with OS. Methods A systematic review research was performed in PubMed database, excluding non-English articles, single case reports, reviews and neuropathology articles, comments, and articles concerning OS associated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) and levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel infusion. We also described eleven PD patients (9 M and 2 F) with OS, identified in a cohort of consecutive 153 patients, comparing them with eleven matched no OS (nOS) PD subjects taken from the same cohort. Results We included eight articles (four case series and four cross-sectional studies). OS resulted more common among males than females. We did not find higher levodopa dose and levodopa equivalent dose for dopamine agonists and for all anti-parkinsonian drugs in our OS group. In our case series, OS patients showed visual hallucinations (p=0.001) and a trend to have depression (p=0.080) more frequently than nOS ones. Conclusions OS is not a rare disorder in PD, probably due not only to abnormal dopaminergic stimulation but also to serotonergic dysfunction in biologically predisposed subjects. Visual hallucinations and other concomitant psychiatric diseases, in particular depression, might represent a risk factor for the OS development.

scholarly journals Parkinson’s Disease and Metal Storage Disorders: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Botsford ◽  
Jayan George ◽  
Ellen Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Wilson’S Disease ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Hereditary Hemochromatosis ◽  
Wilson's Disease ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Storage Disorders

Metal storage disorders (MSDs) are a set of rare inherited conditions with variable clinical pictures including neurological dysfunction. The objective of this study was, through a systematic review, to identify the prevalence of Parkinsonism in patients with MSDs in order to uncover novel pathways implemented in Parkinson’s disease. Human studies describing patients of any age with an MSD diagnosis were analysed. Foreign language publications as well as animal and cellular studies were excluded. Searches were conducted through PubMed and Ovid between April and September 2018. A total of 53 publications were identified including 43 case reports, nine cross-sectional studies, and one cohort study. The publication year ranged from 1981 to 2018. The most frequently identified MSDs were Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) with 11 papers describing Parkinsonism, Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) (7 papers), and Wilson’s disease (6 papers). The mean ages of onset of Parkinsonism for these MSDs were 33, 53, and 48 years old, respectively. The Parkinsonian features described in the PKAN and HH patients were invariably atypical while the majority (4/6) of the Wilson’s disease papers had a typical picture. This paper has highlighted a relationship between MSDs and Parkinsonism. However, due to the low-level evidence identified, further research is required to better define what the relationship is.

scholarly journals Cannabinoids in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. E307-E311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Gandor ◽  
Georg Ebersbach
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Idiopathic Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease

AbstractDue to the changing legal status of medical cannabis and derivatives in numerous countries, this therapeutic option has moved into the field of public debate. Neurologists treating patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease are increasingly confronted with questions regarding cannabis as a treatment alternative, especially for levodopa-resistant Parkinson’s symptoms. A number of single case reports and case series suggested improvement of Parkinsonian symptoms after cannabinoid intake, but the small number of available randomized clinical trials failed to reproduce the extent of these findings. Only one trial found a reduction of levodopa-induced dyskinesia with cannabinoid treatment, the remaining three trials showed no effect on Parkinsonian symptoms. This article gives an overview on the effects of cannabis, and reviews experimental and clinical trials studying the effects of cannabinoids in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.

Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS) in Children: A Systematic Review of Prevalence, Validity of Outcome Measures, and Prognostic Factors.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 2978-2978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil A Goldenberg ◽  
Susan Kahn ◽  
Mark A. Crowther ◽  
Gili Kenet ◽  
Ulrike Nowak-Gottl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Post Thrombotic Syndrome

Abstract 2978 Poster Board II-949 BACKGROUND: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a condition of chronic venous insufficiency following deep venous thrombosis (DVT) that affects both adults and children. Nevertheless, investigation of PTS in children has lagged behind that in adults. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review was undertaken to summarize evidence from the pediatric literature on the prevalence of PTS, the validity of proposed measures of PTS, and prognostic factors for PTS in children. METHODS: A comprehensive Medline search was performed employing the following terms: “[pediatric OR children] AND [post-thrombotic syndrome OR post-phlebitic syndrome]”. Single case reports, narrative reviews, and commentaries were excluded. RESULTS: Seven case series and cross-sectional studies, nine registries and cohort studies, and one uncontrolled clinical trial were identified that met inclusion criteria; these studies reported on a total of 1316 children with DVT (Table 1). The prevalence of PTS differed substantially between observational and non-observational studies: 15% of 1042 children versus 46% of 274 children, respectively. No pediatric studies have evaluated quality of life (QOL) associated with PTS. Two reports from a single-institutional cohort have identified elevated levels of factor VIII and D-dimer and non-use of thrombolytic therapies as potentially prognostic of PTS in children, particularly among those with veno-occlusive thrombi; these are the only reports employing a PTS outcome measure that has been validated in children (the Manco-Johnson instrument). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, high-quality evidence on pediatric PTS is lacking. Collaborative prospective cohort studies and trials that use validated measures of pediatric PTS are needed to assess the incidence of, prognostic factors for, and QOL impact of PTS in children. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K. Dietl ◽  
Matthias W. Beckmann ◽  
Konrad Aumann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Conservative Group ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stage Ia ◽  
Invasive Management

Abstract Purpose Villoglandular adenocarcinoma (VGA) of the uterine cervix has been classified as a rare subtype of cervical adenocarcinoma with good prognosis. A conservative surgical approach is considered feasible. The main risk factor is the presence of other histologic types of cancer. In this largest systematic review to date, we assess oncological outcomes associated with conservative therapy compared to those associated with invasive management in the treatment of stage Ia and Ib1 VGA. Methods Case series and case reports identified by searching the PubMed database were eligible for inclusion in this review (stage Ia–Ib1). Results A total of 271 patients were included in our literature review. 54 (20%) patients were treated by “conservative management” (conization, simple hysterectomy, and trachelectomy) and 217 (80%) by “invasive management” (radical hysterectomy ± radiation, hysterectomy, and radiation). Recurrences of disease (RODs) were found in the conservative group in two (4%) cases and in the invasive group in nine (4%) cases. There was no significant difference in disease-free survival (DFS) according to conservative or invasive treatment (p = 0.75). The histology of VGA may be complex with underlying usual adenocarcinoma (UAC) combined with VGA. Conclusion The excellent prognosis of pure VGA and the young age of the patients may justify the management of this tumor using a less radical procedure. The histological diagnosis of VGA is a challenge, and pretreatment should not be based solely on a simple punch biopsy but rather a conization with wide tumor-free margins.

scholarly journals Parkinson’s Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale for Evaluating Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Elena Cecilia Rosca ◽  
Mihaela Simu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Ii

The aim of the present systematic review was to examine the evidence on the accuracy and psychometric properties of the Parkinson’s Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) for evaluating the presence of cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) as well as to highlight the quality and quantity of research available on the use of the PD-CRS in this population. We searched four databases from inception until July 2020. Eight studies, published between 2008 and 2020, met the inclusion criteria: One cross-sectional study in which participants were assessed with the index test (PD-CRS) and a reference standard diagnostic assessment, in accordance with the Level II criteria of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS); one case-control study comparing the PD-CRS to an extensive battery of tests (i.e., MDS Level II diagnosis); and six studies comparing the PD-CRS to other short cognitive batteries. In patients with Parkinson’s disease, the PD-CRS test provides information about cortical and sub-cortical cognitive functions. Even if it demonstrated good psychometric properties, the results regarding the optimal threshold for detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia in PD are somewhat inconsistent. Further cross-sectional studies are necessary to examine the optimum cut-off score for detecting cognitive dysfunction in PD patients.

scholarly journals Efficacy of nicotine administration on obsessions and compulsions in OCD: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Piacentino ◽  
Annalisa Maraone ◽  
Valentina Roselli ◽  
Isabella Berardelli ◽  
Massimo Biondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nicotine Administration

Abstract Background Preliminary studies have tested nicotine as a novel treatment for OCD patients who respond partially/incompletely or not at all to first and second-line treatment strategies, with the former represented by SSRIs or clomipramine, and the latter by switching to another SSRI, or augmentation with atypical antipsychotics, and/or combination with/switching to cognitive–behavioural therapy. Some studies found nicotine-induced reduction of obsessive thoughts and/or compulsive behaviour in OCD patients. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of nicotine administration in OCD patients. Methods We searched the PubMed, ScienceDirect Scopus, CINHAL, Cochrane, PsycINFO/PsycARTICLES, and EMBASE databases from inception to the present for relevant papers. The ‘Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses’ (PRISMA) standards were used. We included all studies focusing on the effects of nicotine administration on OCD patients’ obsessions or compulsions. Studies could be open-label, cross-sectional, randomized controlled trials, case series or case reports. Results A total of five studies could be included. Nicotine administration may ameliorate behavioural features and recurrent thoughts of severe, treatment-resistant OCD patients; however, in one study it was not associated with OC symptom improvement or cognitive enhancement across various executive function subdomains. Conclusions Although encouraging, the initial positive response from the use of nicotine in OCD needs testing in large controlled studies. This, however, raises ethical issues related to nicotine administration, due to its addiction potential, which were not addressed in the limited literature we examined. As an alternative, novel treatments with drugs able to mimic only the positive effects of nicotine could be implemented.

scholarly journals Is Non-Chlamydial Non-Gonococcal Urethritis Associated with Significant Clinical Complications in Men? A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra E.L. Fairhead ◽  
Alexander Hampson ◽  
Louis Dwyer-Hemmings ◽  
Nikhil Vasdev
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reactive Arthritis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonococcal Urethritis ◽  
Clinical Complications

Background: It is estimated that between 50 and 89% of non-gonococcal urethritis is not caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Associations between non-chlamydial non-gonococcal urethritis (NCNGU) with balanoposthitis, epididymo-orchitis and reactive arthritis have been suggested, but evidence to support these often-theoretical relationships is sparse and further investigation is called for. Concerns over increasing antimicrobial resistance has rendered the need for clarity over this question ever more pressing in recent years. A review of the current evidence on the complications of NCNGU in men is therefore urgently warranted. Objective: This systematic review summarizes and evaluates the available evidence that NCNGU, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic, causes the significant complications that are already well-recognized to be associated with non-gonococcal urethritis. These significant complications are epididymo-orchitis, balanoposthitis, and sexually-acquired reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome) including arthritis or conjunctivitis. Summary: We conducted a systematic review and qualitative synthesis using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis framework. Five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and British Nursing Index) were searched. We included studies that measured clinical outcome after diagnosis of NCNGU in men. Bias was assessed using variations of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Data were extracted and entered into a pre-written data abstraction proforma. Seven peer-review studies were included. This included 2 retrospective cohort studies, 1 case series, 2 case reports and 2 cross-sectional studies. The studies described and analyzed 3 types of complication: balanitis, posthitis and/or meatitis; reactive arthritis and/or conjunctivitis; and epididymitis. All studies reported one or more complications. Key Messages: This review identifies an important avenue for future research: while the available evidence suggests that NCNGU has the potential to cause significant complications in men, with the strongest evidence existing for balanitis, posthitis and/or meatitis, the nature and significance of these relationships is far from clear. The findings of this review suggest that prospective, adequately powered research into whether there is a causal link between NCNGU and significant clinical complications in men would be highly worthwhile. The findings of this review raise important questions about the utility of the term NCNGU in research and clinical practice.

scholarly journals Oral Manifestations of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12511
Author(s):  
Giulia Orilisi ◽  
Marco Mascitti ◽  
Lucrezia Togni ◽  
Riccardo Monterubbianesi ◽  
Vincenzo Tosco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Ulcers ◽  
Global Pandemic

Background: COVID-19 disease first appeared in 2019 and quickly spread worldwide, causing a global pandemic. The oral cavity represents a target of SARS-CoV-2, and oral lesions are observed in both non-hospitalized and hospitalized patients. This systematic review aims to investigate the frequency of oral manifestations in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Methods: An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, including articles published up to September 2021. The review protocol was based on PRISMA-P. The risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the Joana Briggs Institute. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE instrument. Results: Fifty-nine articles were included: 19 case reports, 17 case series, 2 case-control studies, 13 cross-sectional studies, 4 observational studies, and 4 retrospective studies. Oral ulcers, cheilitis, and tongue lesions were more common in patients before hospitalization, while perioral pressure ulcers, macroglossia, blisters, and oral candidiasis were more recurrent in patients during hospitalization. The first could be related directly to COVID-19, while the latter could be caused by medical devices, treatments, prone position, and immunological impairment. Conclusions: An accurate oral examination during the hospital admission of all confirmed COVID-19 cases is encouraged to recognize oral early manifestations and to apply appropriate treatments.

scholarly journals Vasculitis induced by biological agents used in rheumatology practice: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila da Silva Cendon Duran ◽  
Adriane Souza da Paz ◽  
Mittermayer Barreto Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Infusion Reaction ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objectives: Biological medications have been used with an increasing frequency to treat rheumatological diseases. Autoimmune events can be induced by these drugs, such as psoriasiform lesions, alopecia, lupus and, vasculitis, which more often affects the skin (small-sized vessels) and eventually other organs. In this review, we describe the clinical profile of patients with vasculitis induced by the main biological agents used in rheumatology. Patients and methods: We performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The PubMed database was used for searching eligible articles. We included case reports, case series, and letter to the editor of patients on anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti-TNF-a) molecules, as well as tocilizumab, ustekinumab, secukinumab, rituximab, and abatacept, who had vasculitis induced by these agents. Results: Eighty-one articles were included for final analysis (n=89). Twenty-seven patients were using infliximab, 20 adalimumab, 18 etanercept, seven secukinumab, four certolizumab, four rituximab, three golimumab, three ustekinumab, two abatacept, and one tocilizumab. Unspecific leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) was the most common type of vasculitis (n=37), followed by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)- associated vasculitis (n=16). The medication was replaced with another biological molecule in 23 cases, with only four relapses. In six cases, the biological was maintained, but vasculitis worsened/persisted in one case, being necessary drug removal. Conclusion: Infections, infusion reaction, cancer, and autoimmune events are well-known side effects of biological therapy. This review demonstrates that vasculitis is another adverse effect of this type of therapy, particularly the anti-TNF-a molecules, and LCV the most reported type of vasculitis.

625 EFFICACY OF MYOTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH SIGMOID MEGAESOPHAGUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Orlandini ◽  
Maria Carolina Serafim ◽  
Letícia Datrino ◽  
Clara Santos ◽  
Luca Tristão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heller Myotomy ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
The Mean

Abstract   Megaesophagus progress to sigmoid megaesophagus (SM) in 10–15% of patients, presenting tortuosity and sigmoid colon aspect. Esophagectomy is the choice treatment but is associated with high complications and mortality rates. To avoid the esophagectomy inherent morbidity, several authors recommend Heller myotomy (HM) with pull-down technique for SM, mainly for patients with comorbidities and the elderly. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to analyze the effectiveness of HM for treating SM. Methods A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library Central, Lilacs (BVS), and manual search of references. Inclusion criteria were: a) clinical trials, cohort studies, case series; b) patients with SM and esophageal diameter ≥ 6 cm; and c) patients undergoing primary myotomy. The exclusion criteria were: a) reviews, case reports, cross-sectional studies, editorials, letters, congress abstracts, full-text unavailability; b) animal studies, c) previous surgical treatment for achalasia; and d) pediatric studies. There were no restrictions on language or date of publication, and no filters were applied for the selection process. Random model and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used. Results Sixteen articles were selected, encompassing 231 patients. The mean age ranged from 36 to 61 years old, and the mean follow-up ranged from 16 to 109 months. The analyzed outcomes include mortality, complications (pneumonia, pneumothorax, gastroesophageal reflux), need for reintervention (remyotomy, dilation and esophagectomy), and results classified as ‘good’ and ‘excellent’. Mortality rate was 0.035 (CI: 0.017–0.07; p < 0.01). Complications rate was 0.08 (CI: 0.04–0.153; p = 0.01). Need for retreatment rate was 0.161 (CI: 0.053–0.399; p < 0.01). Probability of good or excellent outcomes after myotomy was 0.762 (CI: 0.693–0.819; p < 0,01). Conclusion Heller myotomy is an option for avoiding esophagectomy in achalasia, with a low morbimortality rate and good results. It is effective for most patients but will fail in a minority of patients and demand retreatment, be it a remyotomy, endoscopic treatment or esophagectomy.

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