Environmental impacts of the biodiesel production chain of cotton seed in Bahia, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1523-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ângela Maria Ferreira Lima ◽  
Ednildo Andrade Torres ◽  
Asher Kiperstok ◽  
Gabriela de Freitas Moreira Santos
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Production Chain

scholarly journals Enzymatic Transesterification of Waste Frying Oil from Local Restaurants in East Colombia Using a Combined Lipase System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3566
Author(s):  
Mary Angélica Ferreira Vela ◽  
Juan C. Acevedo-Páez ◽  
Nestor Urbina-Suárez ◽  
Yeily Adriana Rangel Basto ◽  
Ángel Darío González-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Waste Frying Oil ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Enzymatic Transesterification

The search for innovation and biotechnological strategies in the biodiesel production chain have become a topic of interest for scientific community owing the importance of renewable energy sources. This work aimed to implement an enzymatic transesterification process to obtain biodiesel from waste frying oil (WFO). The transesterification was performed by varying reaction times (8 h, 12 h and 16 h), enzyme concentrations of lipase XX 25 split (14%, 16% and 18%), pH of reaction media (6, 7 and 8) and reaction temperature (35, 38 and 40 °C) with a fixed alcohol–oil molar ratio of 3:1. The optimum operating conditions were selected to quantify the amount of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) generated. The highest biodiesel production was reached with an enzyme concentration of 14%, reaction time of 8 h, pH of 7 and temperature of 38 °C. It was estimated a FAMEs production of 42.86% for the selected experiment; however, best physicochemical characteristics of biodiesel were achieved with an enzyme concentration of 16% and reaction time of 8 h. Results suggested that enzymatic transesterification process was favorable because the amount of methyl esters obtained was similar to the content of fatty acids in the WFO.

scholarly journals From Disposal to Reuse: Production of Sustainable Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters Derived from Residual Oil Using a Biphasic Magnetic Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10159
Author(s):  
Adriano Lima da Silva ◽  
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna ◽  
Ana Flávia Félix de Farias ◽  
Suelen Alves Silva Lucena de Medeiros ◽  
Simoni Margareti Plentz Meneghetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Magnetic Catalyst ◽  
Acidic Sites

The development of technologies to promote residual oil reuse has been encouraged, aiming to reduce the environmental impact and promote sustainability. In this study, a biphasic magnetic catalyst with composition equal to ZnO-Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 was synthesized and applied to the fatty acid alkyl ester (FAAE) production from residual oil. The ZnO-Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 catalyst was synthesized by combustion reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), textural analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, particle size distribution, scanning electron microscopy, magnetic measurements, quantification of acidic sites by TPD-NH3, and catalytic tests. The efficiency of catalyst synthesis was evaluated by XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy experiments. Granulometric analysis and SEM images confirmed the presence of the agglomerates and particles with a wide size range. The catalyst presented soft magnetic behavior, with high saturation magnetization. Additionally, the catalytic activity of the ZnO-Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system showed an average conversion of 73% for the methyl route. The results indicate that the reuse of residual oil is feasible for FAAE production, contributing to sustainable fuel development. Moreover, it allows the reintroduction of waste oil into the biodiesel production chain, reducing cost after process optimization.

Optimization of biodiesel production for self-consumption: considering its environmental impacts

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Alvaro Kaercher ◽  
Rosana de Cassia de Souza Schneider ◽  
Rodrigo Augusto Klamt ◽  
William Leonardo Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Wiliam Luiz Schmatz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Biodiesel Production

scholarly journals Jet cutter as tool to immobilize lipase for biodiesel production

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo D'Elia Feliciano ◽  
Ana Silvia Prata Soares ◽  
Marcus Bruno Soares Forte ◽  
Beatriz Travalia
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Immobilize Lipase ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Size Of Particles ◽  
Low Rate

The use of lipases as a biocatalyst for industrial applications is an interesting route due to technical aspects but also to reduce environmental impacts caused by the use of chemical catalysts. Gel immobilization of the enzyme allows its reuse and avoids contamination of the product with residual portions of free enzyme. However, a typical technique available for enzyme immobilization is based on dripping driven by gravity which produces big particles and low rate of production. The reduction of size can improve the mass transfer by increasing the contact area. Thus, aiming to increase the rate of particles production and reduce the size of particles, the objective of this work was to encapsulate lipase, using a tool designed to cut the jet produced by pumping, called as Jet Cutter.

scholarly journals Biofuel, Bioenergy and Feed Valorization of By-Products and Residues from Hevea brasiliensis Cultivation to Enhance Sustainability

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Andrea Pizzi ◽  
Daniele Duca ◽  
Giorgio Rossini ◽  
Sara Fabrizi ◽  
Giuseppe Toscano
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Tree Seeds ◽  
Latex Production

In the latex production chain, rubber tree seeds (Hevea brasiliensis) represent an underutilized fraction with high potentialities, which can increase the sustainability of the whole process if rightly valorized. In the present study, the quality of all the fractions obtained from the rubber fruit were evaluated, with the aim to identify possible applications for their valorization with a circular economy perspective. Seeds from five different varieties of rubber tree were analyzed. Furthermore, a whole mass and energy balance was defined, which has allowed us to define hypothetical production scenarios. The obtained results show negligible differences among varieties. Shells and capsules have shown a composition similar to woody biomass, with high heating values (more than 16.5 MJ kg−1), low nitrogen content (below 0.5% on weight basis (w/w)) and reduced ash content (0.51% w/w and 1.90% w/w, respectively). Kernels were chemically extracted comparing two different solvents: n-hexane and ethanol. Both solvents showed similar extraction yields, i.e., 49% w/w and 46% w/w for n-hexane and ethanol, respectively. The resulting extraction flour was characterized by a high protein content (around 40% w/w) making it suitable for animal feeding. The rubber seed oil could be used in blends of different vegetable oils for biodiesel production. All this information is useful for improving the sustainability of the latex production chain and to assess the sustainability of possible bioenergy value chains.

scholarly journals Environmental Impacts of Experimental Production of Lactic Acid for Bioplastics from Ulva spp.

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roel Helmes ◽  
Ana López-Contreras ◽  
Maud Benoit ◽  
Helena Abreu ◽  
Julie Maguire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Material Efficiency ◽  
Green Seaweed ◽  
The Impact

An exploratory Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was carried out to provide insight into the environmental impacts of using the green seaweed Ulva spp. as a feedstock, for production of bioplastic. The study focused on the production of lactic acid as a precursor of polylactic acid. The study was on the production process: (1) The cultivation of Ulva spp., in an Integrated Multitrophic Aquaculture system; (2) the processing of the biomass for solubilization of sugars; (3) the fermentation of the sugars to lactic acid; (4) the isolation of lactic acid from fermentation broth. The study identified environmental hotspots and compared an experimental seaweed production chain with conventional feedstocks. The main hotspot is derived from electricity consumption during seaweed cultivation. The impact of electricity consumption can be lowered by reducing energy use and sourcing renewable energy, and by improving the material efficiency in the product chain. To improve understanding of the process of production’s environmental impacts, future studies should broaden the system boundaries and scope of sustainability issues included in the environmental assessment.

scholarly journals Potential alternative feed sources for ruminant feeding from the biodiesel production chain by-products

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
C.S. Pinto ◽  
A.L.R. Magalhães ◽  
A.L. Teodoro ◽  
G.C. Gois ◽  
R.M.L. Véras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Apple Seed ◽  
Custard Apple ◽  
By Products

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, fractionation of nitrogen compounds and carbohydrates, digestibility parameters, gas production kinetics and ruminal fermentation of fruit seed cakes. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three fruit seed cakes (treatments) and four replications. The cakes were made of seeds of custard apple (Annona squamosa), soursop (Annona muricata) and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), which were collected in a biodiesel plant. The passion fruit seed cake presented the highest content of dry matter, neutral detergent fibre crude protein (NDFcp), acid detergent fibre (ADF), lignin and total carbohydrates (P<0.05). The custard apple seed cake presented high proportions of crude protein, condensed tannins and digestible energy (P<0.05). The soursop seed cake presented higher values for ether extract and total digestible nutrients (P<0.05). For potential degradability, the authors detected a difference between the custard apple, soursop and passion fruit seed cakes. The total volume of gases was higher for custard apple and soursop seed cakes. Custard apple seed cake presented higher proportions of in vitro degradation parameters (P<0.05). Thus this cake could provide greater nutrient levels when supplied in ruminant diets, followed by soursop seed cake and passion fruit seed cake. Keywords: alternative food, by-products, ruminant feeding, seed cake, semi-arid

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