Effect of puddling intensity on physical properties of a silty clay soil under laboratory and field conditions

The slippage is an essential criterion for evaluating the fuel consumption and the field performance of tractor. The objective of this research was to develop mathematical models using Design Expert software for modelling and predicting slippage of the CASE JX75T tractor (India manufacture) under operational field conditions. In this research, a chisel plough was used as a loading tool for the tractor under four levels of ploughing depths, with three levels of speed and two levels of cone index (CI) in silty clay soil texture. The experiments were carried out in the site of Basrah University. The results obtained from the fieldwork were analysed to evolve mathematical models and equations to predict and evaluate the performance of the tractor when the slippage occurred. According to the obtained results, the single effects of the parameters (CI, tillage depth, and forward speed) on the slippage were highly considerable (P<0.0001). Moreover, the interaction of the parameters were significant (p<0.05). The slippage of tractor increased by 187 and 116 % with increasing ploughing depth up to 25 cm and forward speed up to 1.53 m.s-1, respectively. On the other hand, tractor slippage reduced by 34% when CI increased up to 980 kPa. The data analysis showed that the developed model has passable imitation ability and excellently executed in confront of the actual data. This confirms the accuracy of the model for predicting tractor slippage under different fieldworks.

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Mechanical properties of silty clay soil treated with a mixture of lime and zinc oxide nanoparticles

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122548 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 281 ◽

pp. 122548

Author(s):

Mahdi Khodaparast ◽

Ali M. Rajabi ◽

Mostafa Mohammadi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Clay Soil ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Silty Clay Soil

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Conventional and Conservation Seedbed Preparation Systems for Wheat Planting in Silty-Clay Soil

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116506 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6506

Author(s):

Roberto Fanigliulo ◽

Daniele Pochi ◽

Pieranna Servadio

Keyword(s):

Clay Soil ◽

Conservation Tillage ◽

Field Tests ◽

Superficial Layer ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Energy Requirements ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Wide Range ◽

Seedbed Preparation ◽

Silty Clay Soil

Conventional seedbed preparation is based on deep ploughing followed by lighter and finer secondary tillage of the superficial layer, normally performed by machines powered by the tractor’s Power Take-Off (PTO), which prepares the seedbed in a single pass. Conservation methods are based on a wide range of interventions, such as minimum or no-tillage, by means of machines with passive action working tools which require two or more passes The aim of this study was to assess both the power-energy requirements of conventional (power harrows and rotary tillers with different working width) and conservation implements (disks harrow and combined cultivator) and the soil tillage quality parameters, with reference to the capability of preparing an optimal seedbed for wheat planting. Field tests were carried out on flat, silty-clay soil, using instrumented tractors. The test results showed significant differences among the operative performances of the two typologies of machines powered by the tractor’s PTO: the fuel consumption, the power and the energy requirements of the rotary tillers are strongly higher than power harrows. However, the results also showed a decrease of these parameters proceeding from conventional to more conservation tillage implements. The better quality of seedbed was provided by the rotary tillers.

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Soil Texture Alters the Impact of Salinity on Carbon Mineralization

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11010128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 128

Author(s):

Ruihuan She ◽

Yongxiang Yu ◽

Chaorong Ge ◽

Huaiying Yao

Keyword(s):

Soil Texture ◽

Clay Soil ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Microbial Community Composition ◽

Clay Content ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Silty Clay ◽

C Mineralization ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Silty Clay Soil

Soil salinization typically inhibits the ability of decomposer organisms to utilize soil organic matter, and an increase in soil clay content can mediate the negative effect of salinity on carbon (C) mineralization. However, the interactive effects of soil salt concentrations and properties on C mineralization remain uncertain. In this study, a laboratory experiment was performed to investigate the interactive effects of soil salt content (0.1%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 1.0%) and texture (sandy loam, sandy clay loam and silty clay soil with 6.0%, 23.9% and 40.6% clay content, respectively) on C mineralization and microbial community composition after cotton straw addition. With increasing soil salinity, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the three soils decreased, but the effect of soil salinity on the decomposition of soil organic carbon varied with soil texture. Cumulative CO2 emissions in the coarse-textured (sandy loam and sandy clay loam) soils were more affected by salinity than those in the fine-textured (silty clay) soil. This difference was probably due to the differing responses of labile and resistant organic compounds to salinity across different soil texture. Increased salinity decreased the decomposition of the stable C pool in the coarse-textured soil, by reducing the proportion of fungi to bacteria, whereas it decreased the mineralization of the active C pool in the fine-textured soil through decreasing the Gram-positive bacterial population. Overall, our results suggest that soil texture controlled the negative effect of salinity on C mineralization through regulating the soil microbial community composition.

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Analysis of 2,4-D Concentration in Silty Clay Soil Under Two Irrigation Regimes Using LEACHP and PRZM-3 Models

Journal of Water and Soil Science ◽

10.18869/acadpub.jstnar.19.74.7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (74) ◽

pp. 77-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Noshadi ◽

S. Jamshidi ◽

F. Foroharfar ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clay Soil ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Irrigation Regimes ◽

Silty Clay Soil

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Contaminant migration in engineered clay barriers due to heat and moisture redistribution under freezing conditions

Canadian Geotechnical Journal ◽

10.1139/t95-004 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 40-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Abdel M.O. Mohamed ◽

Raymond N. Yong ◽

Miroslawa T. Mazus

Keyword(s):

Temperature Distribution ◽

Temperature Gradient ◽

Fluid Intake ◽

Clay Soil ◽

Soil Column ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Freezing Time ◽

Contaminant Migration ◽

Unfrozen Water Content ◽

Silty Clay Soil

In this study, the effect of temperature distribution and its influence on contaminant migration in a silty clay soil were examined. Three series of freezing-column tests were performed with three different fluids: distilled water, municipal waste leachate, and heavy metal – leachate solution. It was found that temperature distribution as a function of space and time was similar in all tests, most likely as a result of the limited amount of fluid intake. Moisture redistributions were varied as a function of experiment duration and the type of fluid used. The amount of fluid intake was directly related to the freezing time and the temperature gradient in the freezing column. The amount of unfrozen water content, ion concentration and temperature gradient were the controlling parameters that contributed to the contaminant transport in the frozen illitic silty clay soil. Na+-concentration profiles were mostly dependent on water movement in the soil column. The behaviour of Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations was similar to Na+; their concentrations in the soil solution decreased with freezing time due to ion exchange. The large accumulations of Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ in the lower 10 mm of the soil column occurred as a result of cation exchange and precipitation mechanisms. Key words : unsaturated, osmotic, diffusion, buffer, exchange, transport.

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Sunflower response to Boron supply when grown in a silty clay soil

Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jssas.2018.06.004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 81-86

Author(s):

Dhassi Khalid ◽

Drissi Saad ◽

Makroum Kacem ◽

Nasreddine Fatima Ezzahra ◽

Amlal Fouad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clay Soil ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Silty Clay Soil

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Soil conditioners effects on hydraulic properties, leaching processes and denitrification on a silty-clay soil

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139342 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 733 ◽

pp. 139342 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicolò Colombani ◽

Maria Pia Gervasio ◽

Giuseppe Castaldelli ◽

Micòl Mastrocicco

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Properties ◽

Clay Soil ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Soil Conditioners ◽

Silty Clay Soil

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Protecting Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) from Fluometuron Injury with Seed Protectants

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500073148 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 408-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Billy R. Corbin ◽

Robert E. Frans

Keyword(s):

Growth Regulators ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Clay Soil ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Silt Loam ◽

Chlormequat Chloride ◽

Mepiquat Chloride ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Silty Clay Soil

Field experiments were conducted in 1986 and 1987 to evaluate the potential of growth regulators mepiquat chloride and chlormequat chloride as seed treatments to protect cotton from fluometuron injury. Fluometuron at two and three times the recommended use rate reduced cotton stand and height on Taloka and Convent silt loam soils both years. Cotton grown on a Sharkey silty clay soil was not injured by fluometuron. Mepiquat chloride and chlormequat chloride increased cotton stands on a Taloka silt loam soil when averaged over rates and years. In general, fluometuron injury to cotton was not reduced by treating seed with 1000 ppmw concentrations of chlormequat chloride or mepiquat chloride. Chlormequat chloride reduced chlorosis and necrosis of cotton treated with fluometuron, but neither growth regulator eliminated cotton injury or yield reduction caused by fluometuron at two or three times the recommended rates.

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