scholarly journals Improving the establishment submodel of a forest patch model to assess the long-term protective effect of mountain forests

2006 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wehrli ◽  
P. J. Weisberg ◽  
W. Schönenberger ◽  
P. Brang ◽  
H. Bugmann
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Patch Model ◽  
Forest Patch Model

Using a forest patch model to predict the dynamics of stand structure in Swiss mountain forests

2005 ◽  
Vol 205 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 149-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Wehrli ◽  
Andreas Zingg ◽  
Harald Bugmann ◽  
Andreas Huth
Keyword(s):  
Stand Structure ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Patch Model ◽  
Forest Patch Model

Effects of error in model input: experiments with a forest patch model

2004 ◽  
Vol 173 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 159-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred J Lexer ◽  
Karl Hönninger
Keyword(s):  
Forest Patch ◽  
Patch Model ◽  
Model Input ◽  
Forest Patch Model

Inhibition of Ras/ERK1/2 pathway contributes to the protective effect of Ginsenoside Re against intimal hyperplasia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenying Gao ◽  
Kaina Zhang ◽  
Fanfan Liang ◽  
Wenzhuo Ma ◽  
Xixi Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Carotid Stenosis ◽  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Intimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Neointimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Ginsenoside Re ◽  
Term Efficacy

Neointimal hyperplasia is the major cause of carotid stenosis after vascular injury, which restricts the long-term efficacy of endovascular treatment and endarterectomy in preventing stenosis. Ginsenoside Re (Re) is a...

scholarly journals Long-term protective effect of high-risk human papillomavirus testing in population-based cervical screening

2005 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 1800-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
N W J Bulkmans ◽  
L Rozendaal ◽  
F J Voorhorst ◽  
P J F Snijders ◽  
C J L M Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Testing

scholarly journals Long-Term Effect of Non-Selective Beta-Blockers in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis After Myocardial Infarction—A Nationwide Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Fu Liu ◽  
Chih-Kuo Lee ◽  
Kuan-Chih Huang ◽  
Lian-Yu Lin ◽  
Mu-Yang Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an independent nontraditional risk factor for incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and post-MI outcome is impaired in the RA population. Use of beta-blockers improves the long-term survival after MI in the general population while the protective effect of beta-blockers in RA patients is not clear. We investigate the impact of beta-blockers on the long-term outcome of MI among RA patients.Methods: We identified RA subjects from the registries for catastrophic illness and myocardial infarction from 2003 to 2013. The enrolled subjects were divided into three groups according to the prescription of beta-blockers (non-user, non-selective, and β1-selective beta-blockers). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. We adjusted clinical variables and utilized propensity scores to balance confounding bias. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the incidence of mortality in different groups.Results: A total of 1,292 RA patients with myocardial infarction were enrolled, where 424 (32.8%), 281 (21.7%), and 587 (45.5%) subjects used non-user, non-selective, and β1-selective beta-blockers, respectively. Use of beta-blockers was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality after adjustment with comorbidities, medications (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.871; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.727–0.978), and propensity score (HR 0.882; 95% CI 0.724–0.982). Compared with β1-selective beta-blockers, treatment with non-selective beta-blockers (HR 0.856; 95% CI 0.702–0.984) was significantly related to lower risk of mortality. The protective effect of non-selective beta-blockers remained in different subgroups including sex and different anti-inflammatory drugs.Conclusion: Use of beta-blockers improved prognosis in post-MI patients with RA. Treatment with non-selective beta-blockers was significantly associated with reduced risk of mortality in RA patients after MI rather than β1-selective beta-blockers.

scholarly journals Huftiere und Verjüngung im Gebirgswald: eine Geschichte mit vielen Variablen und noch mehr Interaktionen | Ungulates and Tree Regeneration in Mountain Forests: an Issue with many Variables and even more Interactions

2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Senn
Keyword(s):  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Wild Ungulates ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
The Past

After excessive cutting in Swiss mountain forests and extirpation of most of the wildlife during the past centuries, efficient forestry and hunting laws allowed a wide regeneration of the forests and a rapid increase of ungulate populations in the present century. As a consequence, the impacts of ungulates on the vegetation became obvious. Regeneration of forest trees, however, is influenced not only by ungulates, but by a number of physical site factors and biotic impacts. As these impacts and their interactions vary extensively, regeneration is neither spatially nor temporally constant. Most of the presently used tree-regeneration methods, however, assume constant conditions, which renders a proper evaluation of tree regeneration in mountain forests and the role of ungulates impossible. Furthermore, the effect of this variation on forest development and forest functions is unknown with regard to the long term. While society requires a multipurpose mountain forest, structured at a small scale, wild ungulates use their habitat at a larger scale. This often leads to conflicts. Consequently,solutions including different scales are necessary. A lack of knowledge will, therefore, have to be met by research making data available to the practice as well as through coordinated investigations and experiments.

scholarly journals Climate change impacts the protective effect of forests: A case study in Switzerland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Moos ◽  
Antoine Guisan ◽  
Christophe F. Randin ◽  
Heike Lischke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Ground Truth Data

Abstract In steep terrain, forests play an important role as natural means of protection against natural hazards, such as rockfall. Due to climate warming, significant changes in the protection service of these forests have to be expected in future. Shifts of current to more drought adapted species may result in temporary or even irreversible losses in the risk reduction provided by these forests. In this study, we assessed how the protective effect against rockfall of a protection forest in the western part of the Valais in the Swiss Alps may change in future, by combining dynamic forest modelling with a quantitative risk analysis. Current and future forest development was modelled with the spatially explicit forest model TreeMig for a moderate (RCP4.5) and an extreme (RCP8.5) climate change scenario. The simulated forest scenarios were compared to ground-truth data from the current forest complex. We quantified the protective effect of the different forest scenarios based on the reduction of rockfall risk for people and infrastructure at the bottom of the slope. Rockfall risk was calculated on the basis of three-dimensional rockfall simulations. The forest simulations predicted a clear decrease in basal area of most of the currently present species in future. The forest turned into a Q. pubescens dominated forest, for both climate scenarios, and mixed with P. sylvestris in RCP4.5. F. sylvatica completely disappeared in RCP8.5. With climate warming, a clear increase in risk is expected for both climate change scenarios. In the long-term (> 100 years), a stabilization of risk, or even a slight decline may be expected due to an increase in biomass of the trees. The results of this study further indicate that regular forest interventions may promote regeneration and thus accelerate the shift in species distribution. Future research should address the long-term effect of different forest management strategies on the protection service of forests under climate change.

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