Sex Differences in the Production of SLC5A5, Thyroid Peroxidase, and Thyroid Hormones in Pubertal Rats Exposed to Endocrine Disruptor Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) during Postnatal Ontogeny

2018 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Yaglova ◽  
Yu. P. Sledneva ◽  
S. V. Nazimova ◽  
S. S. Obernikhin ◽  
V. V. Yaglov
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Postnatal Ontogeny ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase

scholarly journals Thyroid Parameters and Kidney Disorder in Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the METAL Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Ningjian Wang ◽  
Yuying Wang ◽  
Chiyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Kidney Disorder ◽  
Negatively Associated

Objective. Diabetic kidney disease is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. We aimed to analyze the association of thyroid parameters with kidney disorders, especially in euthyroid participants. Methods. The data were obtained from a cross-sectional study, the METAL study. Thyroid parameters, including thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), of 4136 participants with type 2 diabetes were measured. Two structure parameters of thyroid homeostasis, including the sum activity of step-up deiodinases (SPINA-GD) and thyroid secretory capacity (SPINA-GT), and two pituitary thyrotropic function indices, including Jostel’s TSH index (TSHI) and the thyrotroph thyroid hormone resistance index (TTSI), were also calculated. Kidney disorders were described according to the presence of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and/or higher urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR). Results. The prevalence of kidney disorders increased with decreasing FT3 or T3 and increasing FT4 or T4 quartile levels (all P<0.05). After full adjustment, linear regression showed that UACR levels were negatively associated with FT3 and T3 (P<0.001). In addition, eGFR was positively associated with FT3 and T3 and was negatively associated with TSH and FT4 levels and TgAb positivity (all P<0.05). By using binary logistic regression, higher TSH and FT4 and lower FT3 and T3 were associated with kidney disorders (all P<0.05). Similar results were seen in sensitivity analyses, which were performed in 3035 euthyroid diabetic participants; however, TSH was no longer related to them. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of lower FT3 for existing kidney disorder was greater than that for any other thyroid hormones (all P<0.001). The cutoff value of FT3 for reduced eGFR was 4.39 pmol/L. Regarding thyroid homeostasis parameters, SPINA-GD was negatively associated with three statuses of kidney disorders, and TSHI and TTSI were positively associated with reduced eGFR (all P<0.05). Conclusions. Among patients with type 2 diabetes, elevated TSH and FT4 (or T4), lower FT3 (or T3), TgAb positivity, lower SPINA-GD, and higher TSHI and TTSI were associated with kidney disorders. The lower FT3, even within the normal range (<4.38 pmol/L), may be the factor most related to reduced eGFR compared with other thyroid hormones in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Prospectively measured thyroid hormones and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in relation to breast cancer risk

2012 ◽  
Vol 131 (9) ◽  
pp. 2126-2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Tosovic ◽  
Charlotte Becker ◽  
Anne-Greth Bondeson ◽  
Lennart Bondeson ◽  
Ulla-Britt Ericsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies

scholarly journals Immunological Reactivity Using Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies of Autoimmune Thyroid Target Sites with Dietary Proteins

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Datis Kharrazian ◽  
Martha Herbert ◽  
Aristo Vojdani
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Immune Reactivity ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Thyroid Axis

Many hypothyroid and autoimmune thyroid patients experience reactions with specific foods. Additionally, food interactions may play a role in a subset of individuals who have difficulty finding a suitable thyroid hormone dosage. Our study was designed to investigate the potential role of dietary protein immune reactivity with thyroid hormones and thyroid axis target sites. We identified immune reactivity between dietary proteins and target sites on the thyroid axis that includes thyroid hormones, thyroid receptors, enzymes, and transport proteins. We also measured immune reactivity of either target specific monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, 5′deiodinase, thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin, thyroxine-binding globulin, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine against 204 purified dietary proteins commonly consumed in cooked and raw forms. Dietary protein determinants included unmodified (raw) and modified (cooked and roasted) foods, herbs, spices, food gums, brewed beverages, and additives. There were no dietary protein immune reactions with TSH receptor, thyroid peroxidase, and thyroxine-binding globulin. However, specific antigen-antibody immune reactivity was identified with several purified food proteins with triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroglobulin, and 5′deiodinase. Laboratory analysis of immunological cross-reactivity between thyroid target sites and dietary proteins is the initial step necessary in determining whether dietary proteins may play a potential immunoreactive role in autoimmune thyroid disease.

scholarly journals The Influence of Prior Hyperthyroidism on Euthyroid Graves’ Ophthalmopathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolien Termote ◽  
Brigitte Decallonne ◽  
Ilse Mombaerts
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Tsh Receptor ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Ocular Motility ◽  
Receptor Antibody ◽  
Tsh Receptor Antibody ◽  
Graves Ophthalmopathy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Clinical Records

Background. To investigate the influence of previous exposure to elevated thyroid hormones in euthyroid Graves’ ophthalmopathy.Design. Retrospective, observational case series in university setting Median follow-up of 1 year with ranges of 0,8–7,6 years. Study performance of 10 years.Participants. We reviewed the clinical records of 731 Graves’ ophthalmopathy patients. There were 88 (12%) patients with onset of Graves’ ophthalmopathy during euthyroidism: 37 (5%) patients had ophthalmopathy without known history of thyroid dysfunction (group A) and 51 patients (6%) had onset of ophthalmopathy 6 months or more euthyroid after completion of antithyroid therapy (group B).Main Outcome Measures. Graves’ ophthalmopathy was graded using the EUGOGO severity criteria. Unilaterality was investigated. TSH receptor antibody and thyroid peroxidase antibody were measured as markers of Graves’ disease.Results. Group A had more often a normal ocular motility (46%) and less proptosis (14±4 mm) compared to group B (22%,16±4 mm) (P=0.032and 0.028, resp.). TSH receptor antibody was more frequently elevated in group B (94%) than in group A (17%)(P<0.001).Conclusion. Patients with euthyroid Graves’ ophthalmopathy present more often with ocular muscle restriction and proptosis when previously exposed to elevated thyroid hormones.

Comparison of the sonography index of thyroid gland with serum level of Anti-thyroid peroxidase, Anti-thyroglobulin and thyroid function test in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Eftekharian ◽  
Gholamhossein Ranjbar Omrani ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh ◽  
Reza Sahraei ◽  
Marzieh Bakhshayeshkaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Antibody Titers

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to determine the association of sonographic parameters with the serum levels of anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (Tg), and thyroid hormones in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Methods 149 patients (118 females, 31 males; aged 18–60 years; mean age: 38.60 ± 8.03 years) who were diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis were enrolled in the study. Blood sample was taken to measure the serum levels of free T3 and T4, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-TPO antibody titers, and anti-Tg antibody titers. The thyroid sonography of each patient was classified into one of the five grades by real-time ultrasonography (US) based on echogenicity, thyroid size, and thyroid pattern. We evaluated whether a correlation existed between thyroid characteristics on US and serum levels of thyroid hormones, anti-TPO and anti-Tg. Results Nodular structures were detected in 54 (36.2%) patients (38 micronodular and 16 macros nodular). Echogenicity was recorded as isoechoic in 15 (10.07%) and hypoechoic in 119 (79.87%) subjects. Euthyroid ‎subjects had significantly thicker isthmus than overt and subclinical hypothyroid patients (p = 0.018). Mean serum TSH, anti-Tg and anti-TPO titers was significantly higher in patients with micronodules than those with micronodules and subjects without nodules (P < 0.05). Isthmus thickness had a significant negative correlation with FT4 and FT3 (P = 0.046; r = 0.11& P = 0.017; r = 0.15, respectively). Thyroid autoantibodies had positive significant correlations with different parameters of the thyroid volume (P < 0.05). Conclusions Thyroid’s US findings in addition to serum levels of anti-Tg and anti-TPO titers would be useful in diagnosis and evaluation of the severity and extent of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but further evaluations are needed. Trial registration: Trial registry identifier IR.SUMS.REC.1395.S161 (2015/11/30).

scholarly journals Evaluation of thyroid status in patients with thyrotoxicosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
L E Braverman
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Serum Thyroglobulin ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Resistance To Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Nodules

Abstract The generic term thyrotoxicosis defines the clinical syndrome of hypermetabolism associated with excess amounts of circulating free thyroxine (T4) and (or) triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations, irrespective of the source of the excess hormones. The term hyperthyroidism is reserved for those patients with thyrotoxicosis caused by increased synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones from the gland due either to thyroid stimulators in the blood or to autonomously functioning thyroid nodules and is almost always associated with an increased radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) by the thyroid. Another major cause of thyrotoxicosis is increased release of thyroid hormone from the gland, not associated with increased synthesis, caused by inflammatory changes, and always associated with a low thyroid RAIU. The most common miscellaneous cause of thyrotoxicosis is the exogenous ingestion of excess thyroid hormone, associated with a low thyroid RAIU. The serum concentration of thyrotropin (TSH) is low in all causes of thyrotoxicosis, except for TSH-secreting pituitary tumors and selective pituitary resistance to thyroid hormones. Anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies are present in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, and serum thyroglobulin is increased in all patients with thyrotoxicosis except those with thyrotoxicosis facticia. A decreased serum TSH and normal concentrations of serum free T4 and T3 define the syndrome of subclinical thyrotoxicosis.

Effect of chronic excess iodine intake on thyroid function and oxidative stress in hypothyroid rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd El-Aziz M. Hussein ◽  
Amr M. Abbas ◽  
Gehan A. El Wakil ◽  
Ayman Z. Elsamanoudy ◽  
Azza Abd El Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
High Iodine ◽  
Excess Iodine

Our objective was to investigate the effects of chronic excess iodine intake on thyroid functions and thyroid oxidative stress state in hypothyroid rats. Sixty rats were divided into euthyroid and hypothyroid (thiocyanate-induced) groups with or without administration of excess iodine (3000 or 6000 μg/L) for 8 weeks. Serum thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase enzymes, and total antioxidants), and lipid peroxide (malondialdehyde; MDA) were measured. Reverse transcription – PCR gene expression for thyroidal Na+/I– symporter (NIS), D1 deiodinase, and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) were performed. Thiocyanate significantly decreased thyroid hormones (T3, T4), increased lipid peroxides and antioxidants, and increased gene expression of NIS, D1 deiodinase, and TPO. Excess iodine intake in hypothyroid rats increased T3 and T4. Also, high iodine intake by hypothyroid rats significantly decreased NIS, D1 deiodinase, and TPO genes expression. Excess iodine significantly increased MDA and antioxidants in euthyroid and hypothyroid rats. In conclusion, thiocyanate-hypothyroidism increases gene expression of NIS, TPO, and TPO and induces oxidative stress. High iodine intake decreases NIS and D1 deiodinase gene expression in hypothyroid rats. Moreover, excess iodine increase thyroid hormones, lipid peroxides, and antioxidants in hypothyroid rats.

scholarly journals Hospital-based Analytical Study of Anti-thyroid Peroxidase Titre Among Type-2 Diabetic Patients Suffering from Thyroid Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 660-665
Author(s):  
Rajneesh Jha ◽  
Amit Mishra ◽  
Meena Kumari Mishra ◽  
Ram Lala Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: Thyroid hormones control growth, development and metabolic processes. Either excessive or deficient secretion of these hormones interfere with metabolism. Thyroid hormones, therefore, can alter a person's blood sugar. Relatively, thyroid peroxidise enzyme plays a key role in thyroid hormone production. The individuals who suffer from autoimmune thyroid diseases produce auto antibodies against thyroid peroxidise (called anti-TPO). Objectives: We aimed to investigate an association of anti-TPO titer among type-2 diabetic patients suffering from thyroid disorders attending the local hospital. Methodology: Based on findings of thyroid variables [such as total triiodothyronine (TT3 ), thyroxine (T4 ) and thyroid stimulated  hormone (TSH)], type-2 diabetic patients were categorized into Euthyroidism, Subclinical hypothyroidism and Hypothyroidism. In this hospital-based prospective study, venipuncture was performed to collect anti-cubital venous blood samples (n=100) from January to December, 2018. After separation of sera, estimation of certain parameters such as TT3, T4 , TSH and anti-TPO were carried out for correlative analyses. In this aspect, based on WHO guidelines, the patients who had fasting as well as postprandial blood sugar levels > 126 and 200 mg/dl were confirmed for diabetes mellitus. In addition, if these patients exhibited HbA1C levels > 10.8 %, they were enrolled into the 1 study. The patients who were hyperglycemic (with fasting as well as post-prandial blood sugar levels < 126 and 200 mg/dl) were excluded. Results: In the three groups as stated above, we observed that more a rise in level of glucose, greater were the values of TSH and anti-TPO. Conclusion Such findings emphasize and put an impact in situations of thyroid abnormality among type-2 local diabetic population.

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