scholarly journals Using viral vectors as gene transfer tools (Cell Biology and Toxicology Special Issue: ETCS-UK 1 day meeting on genetic manipulation of cells)

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna L. Howarth ◽  
Youn Bok Lee ◽  
James B. Uney
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Special Issue

Genetic manipulation of endothelial cells by viral vectors

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 1135-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Lindemann ◽  
Hans Schnittler
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Vector Systems ◽  
Biology Research

SummaryThe need for uncovering molecular mechanisms in endothelial cell biology has tremendously increased in the last decades as it became more and more clear that the endothelium is an important target in nearly all diseases and treatments (drug delivery) and plays a central role in regeneration processes. One of the critical methods generally applied in cell biology research to uncover structural and functional aspects is the modulation of protein expression by over-expression, expression of mutant variants or gene silencing. This strategy, however, requires genetic manipulation of the respective cells. The classical gene transfer by chemical transfection techniques works pretty well in a large variety of cultured cells but fails for most endothelial cell types. Insufficient transfection rates and gene expression levels as well as the sensitivity of the endothelium against chemical transfection reagents limits utilisation of this technique for endothelial cell biology research. This holds true not only for primary endothelial cell cultures and endothelial cells in vivo but also for endothelial cell lines, e.g. endothelioma cells. The development of viral vectors originally designed for gene therapy approaches has significantly improved the methodological spectrum in endothelial cell research. Two viral vector systems, based on retroviruses and adenoviruses, deliver transgenic information highly efficient into both cultured endothelial cells and in endothelial cells in vivo, respectively. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview of these two vector systems that appear to be reliable and efficient tools for gene delivery into endothelial cell types.

Polyplex: A Promising Gene Delivery System

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 4681-4686
Author(s):  
Rohan Aggarwal ◽  
Monika Targhotra ◽  
Bhumika Kumar ◽  
P.K Sahoo ◽  
Meenakshi K Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Gene Delivery System ◽  
Cationic Polymers ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Structure And Stability ◽  
The Past

In the past few years gene delivery system has gained a huge attention owing to its proved efficacy in several diseases especially in those caused by genetic and/oroncological malfunctioning. The effective gene delivery mainly depends on the carrier molecules that can ensure the safe and specific delivery of the nucleic acidmolecules. Viral vectors have been used for a longer period as the gene transfer vehicle. However, these viral vectors have potential immunological disadvantages that made them less preferred. Recently, non-viral vectors such as polyplexes have emerged as a promising alternative for viral vectors. Polyplexes are formed by conjugating a polymer with DNA and in maximum cases the cationic polymers are preferred over others. The structure and stability of the polyplexes depends on various factors. The ability of the polymer to condense the DNA mainly dictates the efficiency of the polyplex mediated transfection. In this review we are going to provide a framework for the synthesis and design of the polyplexes along with the structure and stability of the complexes pertaining to mechanism of action, characterization and therapeutic application, including polyethyleneimine mediated cytotoxicity as well as newer strategies for the generation of better polyplexes.

Highly efficient cell-mediated gene transfer using non-viral vectors and FuGene™6: in vitro and in vivo studies

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1326-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hellgren* ◽  
V. Drvota ◽  
R. Pieper ◽  
S. Enoksson ◽  
P. Blomberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Highly Efficient

scholarly journals Reconstruction ofmreBExpression in Staphylococcus aureus via a Collection of New Integrative Plasmids

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (13) ◽  
pp. 3868-3878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Yepes ◽  
Gudrun Koch ◽  
Andrea Waldvogel ◽  
Juan-Carlos Garcia-Betancur ◽  
Daniel Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Protein Localization ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genetic Manipulations ◽  
Discrete Structures

ABSTRACTProtein localization has been traditionally explored in unicellular organisms, whose ease of genetic manipulation facilitates molecular characterization. The two rod-shaped bacterial modelsEscherichia coliandBacillus subtilishave been prominently used for this purpose and have displaced other bacteria whose challenges for genetic manipulation have complicated any study of cell biology. Among these bacteria is the spherical pathogenic bacteriumStaphylococcus aureus. In this report, we present a new molecular toolbox that facilitates gene deletion in staphylococci in a 1-step recombination process and additional vectors that facilitate the insertion of diverse reporter fusions into newly identified neutral loci of theS. aureuschromosome. Insertion of the reporters does not add any antibiotic resistance genes to the chromosomes of the resultant strains, thereby making them amenable for further genetic manipulations. We used this toolbox to reconstitute the expression ofmreBinS. aureus, a gene that encodes an actin-like cytoskeletal protein which is absent in coccal cells and is presumably lost during the course of speciation. We observed that inS. aureus, MreB is organized in discrete structures in association with the membrane, leading to an unusual redistribution of the cell wall material. The production of MreB also caused cell enlargement, but it did not revert staphylococcal shape. We present interactions of MreB with key staphylococcal cell wall-related proteins. This work facilitates the useS. aureusas a model system in exploring diverse aspects of cellular microbiology.

Illuminating subcellular structures and dynamics in plants: a fluorescent protein toolboxThis review is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Issue on Plant Cell Biology.

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preetinder K. Dhanoa ◽  
Alison M. Sinclair ◽  
Robert T. Mullen ◽  
Jaideep Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Live Imaging ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Exciting Possibility ◽  
Selection Of

The discovery and development of multicoloured fluorescent proteins has led to the exciting possibility of observing a remarkable array of subcellular structures and dynamics in living cells. This minireview highlights a number of the more common fluorescent protein probes in plants and is a testimonial to the fact that the plant cell has not lagged behind during the live-imaging revolution and is ready for even more in-depth exploration.

scholarly journals Minicircles for Investigating and Treating Arthritic Diseases

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Yeri Alice Rim ◽  
Yoojun Nam ◽  
Narae Park ◽  
Ji Hyeon Ju
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Minimal Size ◽  
Gene Delivery System ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Efficient Delivery

Gene delivery systems have become an essential component of research and the development of therapeutics for various diseases. Minicircles are non-viral vectors with promising characteristics for application in a variety of fields. With their minimal size, minicircles exhibit relatively high safety and efficient delivery of genes of interest into cells. Cartilage tissue lacks the natural ability to heal, making it difficult to treat osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which are the two main types of joint-related disease. Although both OA and RA affect the joint, RA is an autoimmune disease, while OA is a degenerative joint condition. Gene transfer using minicircles has also been used in many studies regarding cartilage and its diseased conditions. In this review, we summarize the cartilage-, OA-, and RA-based studies that have used minicircles as the gene delivery system.

scholarly journals Genetic manipulation of primitive leukemic and normal hematopoietic cells using a novel method of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer

Leukemia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1608-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
DS Howard ◽  
DA Rizzierri ◽  
B Grimes ◽  
D Upchurch ◽  
GL Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Novel Method

scholarly journals Sterile Abscess in the Myocardium after Direct Intramyocardial Injection Related to Gene Therapy in a Swine Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyotake Ishikawa ◽  
Dennis Ladage ◽  
Lisa Tilemann ◽  
Yoshiaki Kawase ◽  
Roger J. Hajjar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Intramyocardial Injection ◽  
New Therapy ◽  
Sterile Abscess ◽  
Efficient Gene ◽  
Cardiac Gene

Cardiac gene therapy is one of the most promising approaches to cure patients with cardiac dysfunctions. Many ways of efficient gene transfer using viral vectors are tested, and some of them are already used in clinical settings. However, it is always important to be keenly alert to the possible complications when a new therapy is introduced. We present a case of myocardial sterile abscess in a swine model associated with a direct myocardial injection.

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