Cavidine Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via NF-κB Signaling Pathway in vivo and in vitro

Inflammation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1111-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Niu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Weifeng Li ◽  
Wenbing Zhi ◽  
Hailin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway

scholarly journals GLP-1 Analogue Liraglutide Enhances SP-A Expression in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury through the TTF-1 Signaling Pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhu ◽  
Changyi Li ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Chunyan Ye ◽  
Shuo Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes

The reduction of pulmonary surfactant (PS) is essential for decreased pulmonary compliance and edema in acute lung injury (ALI). Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) plays a major role in the regulation of surfactant protein-A (SP-A), the most abundant protein component of PS. Simultaneously, the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue can enhance SP-A expression in the lung. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore whether liraglutide, a GLP-1 analogue, upregulates SP-A expression through the TTF-1 signaling pathway in ALI. In vivo, a murine model of ALI was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pulmonary inflammation, edema, insulin level, ultrastructural changes in type II alveolar epithelial (ATII) cells, and SP-A and TTF-1 expression were analyzed. In vitro, rat ATII cells were obtained. SP-A and TTF-1 expression in cells was measured. ShRNA-TTF-1 transfection was performed to knock down TTF-1 expression. Our data showed that LPS-induced lung injury and increase in insulin level, and LPS-induced reduction of SP-A and TTF-1 expression in both the lung and cells, were significantly compromised by liraglutide. Furthermore, we also found that these effects of liraglutide were markedly blunted by shRNA-TTF-1. Taken together, our findings suggest that liraglutide enhances SP-A expression in ATII cells and attenuates pulmonary inflammation in LPS-induced ALI, most likely through the TTF-1 signaling pathway.

scholarly journals TGF-β-R2 is required for HBP induced acute lung injury and vascular leakage for TGF-[beta]/Smad/Rho signaling pathway activation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixuan Liu ◽  
Mingming Chen ◽  
Yini Sun ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Liu Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Vascular Leakage ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Heparin Binding

Heparin-binding protein (HBP), as a granule protein secreted by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) participates in the pathophysiological process of sepsis. It has been reported that HBP is a biomarker of sepsis, which is related to the severity of septic shock and organ dysfunction. HBP binds to vascular endothelial cells as one of the primary target sites. However, it is still unclear whether HBP-binding protein receptors exist on the surface of ECs. The effect of HBP on vascular permeability in sepsis and its mechanism needs to be explored. We conducted in vivo and in vitro study. We demonstrated that HBP bound to transforming growth factor-β receptor type 2 (TGF-β-R2) as a ligand. GST pull-down analysis reveals that HBP mainly interacts with the extracellular domain of TGF-β-R2. HBP induced acute lung injury (ALI) and vascular leakage via activation of TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. Permeability assay suggests TGF-β-R2 is necessary for HBP-induced increased permeability. We also defined the role of HBP and its potential membrane receptor TGF-β-R2 in the blood-gas barrier in the pathogenesis of HBP-related ALI.

scholarly journals Tanreqing Inhibits LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury In Vivo and In Vitro Through Downregulating STING Signaling Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Qiong He ◽  
Can-Can Zhou ◽  
Jiu-Ling Deng ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Wan-Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common life-threatening lung disease, which is mostly associated with severe inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Tanreqing injection (TRQ), a Chinese patent medicine, is clinically used for respiratory-related diseases. However, the effects and action mechanism of TRQ on ALI are still unclear. Recently, STING as a cytoplasmic DNA sensor has been found to be related to the progress of ALI. Here, we showed that TRQ significantly inhibited LPS-induced lung histological change, lung edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Moreover, TRQ markedly reduced inflammatory mediators release (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-β). Furthermore, TRQ also alleviated oxidative stress, manifested by increased SOD and GSH activities and decreased 4-HNE, MDA, LDH, and ROS activities. In addition, we further found that TRQ significantly prevented cGAS, STING, P-TBK, P-P65, P-IRF3, and P-IκBα expression in ALI mice. And we also confirmed that TRQ could inhibit mtDNA release and suppress signaling pathway mediated by STING in vitro. Importantly, the addition of STING agonist DMXAA dramatically abolished the protective effects of TRQ. Taken together, this study indicated that TRQ alleviated LPS-induced ALI and inhibited inflammatory responses and oxidative stress through STING signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Emodin Attenuates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent Pyroptosis Signaling Pathway In vitro and In vivo

Inflammation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhan Liu ◽  
Luorui Shang ◽  
Jiabin Zhou ◽  
Guangtao Pan ◽  
Fangyuan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Protective Effects

Abstract—Emodin, the effective component of the traditional Chinese medicine Dahuang, has anti-inflammatory effects. However, the protective effects and potential mechanisms of emodin are not clear. This study investigated the protective effects and potential mechanisms of emodin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, we designed an LPS-induced ALI rat model. In vitro, we chose the J774A.1 cell line to establish an inflammatory cellular model, and knocked down NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) using small interfering RNA. The mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC), caspase 1 (CASP1), and gasdermin D (GSDMD) in cells and lung tissues were detected by western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-18 in the serum and supernatant were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The degree of pathological injury in lung tissue was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. In vitro, we demonstrated that emodin could inhibit NLRP3 and then inhibit the expression of ASC, CASP1, GSDMD, IL-1β, and IL-18. In vivo, we confirmed that emodin had protective effects on LPS-induced ALI and inhibitory effects on NLRP3 inflammasome -dependent pyroptosis. Emodin showed excellent protective effects against LPS-induced ALI by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Baicalin Magnesium Salt Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Inhibiting of TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Lukun Yang ◽  
Xiaowei Xie ◽  
Hongyue Zheng ◽  
Hangsheng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Magnesium Salt ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi ◽  
Cell Counts

Baicalin (BA) magnesium salt (BA-Mg) is a good water-soluble ingredient extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. This study is aimed at investigating whether BA-Mg could exert a better protective effect on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and illuminate the underlying mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Mice were intraperitoneally administrated with equimolar BA-Mg, BA, and MgSO4 before LPS inducing ALI. Lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were collected for lung wet/dry ratio, histological examinations, cell counts, and biochemical analyses at 48 h post-LPS exposure. Meanwhile, the protein expressions of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and proinflammatory cytokines in lung tissues and lung bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were detected. The results showed BA-Mg pronouncedly ameliorated LPS-induced inflammatory response and histopathological damages, elevated antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD), and downregulated myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels through the inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway activation. Moreover, the effect of BA-Mg was significantly better than that of BA and MgSO4 in ameliorating symptoms. Overall, BA-Mg can effectively relieve inflammatory response and oxidative stress triggered by LPS, indicating it may be a potential therapeutic candidate for treating ALI.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo assessment of the protective effect of sufentanil in acute lung injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052098635
Author(s):  
Qi Gao ◽  
Ningqing Chang ◽  
Donglian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Hmgb1 Protein

Objectives To investigate the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of sufentanil against acute lung injury (ALI). Material and Methods Rats were administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by endotracheal instillation to establish a model of ALI. LPS was used to stimulate BEAS-2B cells. The targets and promoter activities of IκB were assessed using a luciferase reporter assay. Apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling. Results Sufentanil treatment markedly reduced pathological changes in lung tissue, pulmonary edema and secretion of inflammatory factors associated with ALI in vivo and in vitro. In addition, sufentanil suppressed apoptosis induced by LPS and activated NF-κB both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, upregulation of high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) protein levels and downregulation of miR-129-5p levels were observed in vivo and in vitro following sufentanil treatment. miR-129-5p targeted the 3ʹ untranslated region and its inhibition decreased promoter activities of IκB-α. miR-129-5p inhibition significantly weakened the protective effect of sufentanil on LPS-treated BEAS-2B cells. Conclusion Sufentanil regulated the miR-129-5p/HMGB1 axis to enhance IκB-α expression, suggesting that sufentanil represents a candidate drug for ALI protection and providing avenues for clinical treatment.

scholarly journals Group V Phospholipase A2 Mediates Endothelial Dysfunction and Acute Lung Injury Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1731
Author(s):  
Yu Maw Htwe ◽  
Huashan Wang ◽  
Patrick Belvitch ◽  
Lucille Meliton ◽  
Mounica Bandela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Group V ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Lung endothelial dysfunction is a key feature of acute lung injury (ALI) and clinical acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Previous studies have identified the lipid-generating enzyme, group V phospholipase A2 (gVPLA2), as a mediator of lung endothelial barrier disruption and inflammation. The current study aimed to determine the role of gVPLA2 in mediating lung endothelial responses to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, USA300 strain), a major cause of ALI/ARDS. In vitro studies assessed the effects of gVPLA2 inhibition on lung endothelial cell (EC) permeability after exposure to heat-killed (HK) MRSA. In vivo studies assessed the effects of intratracheal live or HK-MRSA on multiple indices of ALI in wild-type (WT) and gVPLA2-deficient (KO) mice. In vitro, HK-MRSA increased gVPLA2 expression and permeability in human lung EC. Inhibition of gVPLA2 with either the PLA2 inhibitor, LY311727, or with a specific monoclonal antibody, attenuated the barrier disruption caused by HK-MRSA. LY311727 also reduced HK-MRSA-induced permeability in mouse lung EC isolated from WT but not gVPLA2-KO mice. In vivo, live MRSA caused significantly less ALI in gVPLA2 KO mice compared to WT, findings confirmed by intravital microscopy assessment in HK-MRSA-treated mice. After targeted delivery of gVPLA2 plasmid to lung endothelium using ACE antibody-conjugated liposomes, MRSA-induced ALI was significantly increased in gVPLA2-KO mice, indicating that lung endothelial expression of gVPLA2 is critical in vivo. In summary, these results demonstrate an important role for gVPLA2 in mediating MRSA-induced lung EC permeability and ALI. Thus, gVPLA2 may represent a novel therapeutic target in ALI/ARDS caused by bacterial infection.

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