scholarly journals An analysis of the current status and future of biosecurity frameworks for the Indonesian seaweed industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 2147-2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cicilia S. B. Kambey ◽  
Iona Campbell ◽  
Calvyn F. A. Sondak ◽  
Adibi R. M. Nor ◽  
Phaik E. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Seaweed Aquaculture ◽  
Red Seaweeds ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Biosecurity Practices ◽  
Seaweed Industry

AbstractIndonesia is the world largest producer of the red seaweeds Kappaphycus and Eucheuma; however, this country is facing significant challenges such as disease outbreaks, epiphyte infestations and a loss in seedling quality. Biosecurity practices have been widely adopted in other aquaculture sectors and when enforced can help to limit the introduction and spread of diseases and pests. To assess current capacity for biosecurity in seaweed aquaculture in Indonesia, a systematic analysis of policy frameworks including legislation, regulatory tools, and national standards was conducted. Biosecurity themes and risks were used to evaluate current national biosecurity content. The results identified major challenges faced by the industry in order to implement biosecurity policies in practice. Barriers to implementation included unspecific reference to the seaweed aquaculture sector, limited variety of approaches to biosecurity, limited use of up-to-date scientific evidence, insufficient guidance for the use of precaution and insufficient inclusion of specific biosecurity hazards. In general, although national regulations are currently under revision, current policies indicate a lack of clarity where biosecurity is included. Six recommendations are suggested to incorporate proactive biosecurity actions into current frameworks, with the aim of improving the health and sustainability of the seaweed aquaculture sector in Indonesia.

BIOPSY OF THE SIGNALING LYMPH NODES IN GASTRIC CANCER - CURRENT STATUS OF THE PROBLEM AND PROSPECTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-344
Author(s):  
Aleksey Karachun ◽  
Yuriy Pelipas ◽  
Oleg Tkachenko ◽  
D. Asadchaya
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Tumor Spread ◽  
Special Value

The concept of biopsy of sentinel lymph node as the first lymph node in the pathway of lymphogenous tumor spread has been actively discussed over the past decades and has already taken its rightful place in breast and melanoma surgery. The goal of this method is to exclude vain lymphadenectomy in patients without solid tumor metastases in regional lymph nodes. In the era of minimally invasive and organ-saving operations interventions it seems obvious an idea to introduce a biopsy of sentinel lymph node in surgery of early gastric cancer. Meanwhile the complexity of lymphatic system of the stomach and the presence of so-called skip metastases are factors limiting the introduction of a biopsy of sentinel lymph node in stomach cancer. This article presents a systematic analysis of biopsy technology of signaling lymph node as well as its safety and oncological adequacy. Based on literature data it seems to us that the special value of biopsy of sentinel lymph nodes in the future will be in the selection of personalized surgical tactics for stomach cancer.

Systematic Analysis Underlying the Quality of the Scientific Evidence and Conflicts of Interest in Gastroenterology Practice Guidelines

2013 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1686-1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D Feuerstein ◽  
Anne E Gifford ◽  
Mona Akbari ◽  
Jonathan Goldman ◽  
Daniel A Leffler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Systematic Analysis

scholarly journals Application of action research in the field of healthcare: a scoping review protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Mary Casey ◽  
David Coghlan ◽  
Áine Carroll ◽  
Diarmuid Stokes ◽  
Kinley Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Research Studies

Background: Traditional research approaches are increasingly challenged in healthcare contexts as they produce abstract thinking rather than practical application. In this regard, action research is a growing area of popularity and interest, essentially because of its dual focus on theory and action. However, there is a need for action researchers not only to justify their research approach but also to demonstrate the quality of their empirical studies. Therefore, the authors set out to examine the current status of the quality of extant action research studies in healthcare to encourage improved scholarship in this area. The aim of this scoping review is to identify, explore and map the literature regarding the application of action research in either individual, group or organisational domains in any healthcare context. Methods: The systematic scoping review will search the literature within the databases of CINAHL, PubMed and ABI/Inform within the recent five-year period to investigate the scientific evidence of the quality of action research studies in healthcare contexts. The review will be guided by Arksey and O'Malley’s five mandatory steps, which have been updated and published online by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The review will follow the PRISMA-ScR framework guidelines to ensure the standard of the methodological and reporting approaches are exemplary. Conclusion: This paper outlines the protocol for an exploratory scoping review to systematically and comprehensively map out the evidence as to whether action research studies demonstrate explicitly how the essential factors of a comprehensive framework of action research are upheld. The review will summarise the evidence on the quality of current action research studies in healthcare. It is anticipated that the findings will inform future action researchers in designing studies to ensure the quality of the studies is upheld.

Evidence-Based Research in Nursing Science: A Reproducible Framework

2020 ◽  
pp. 019394592097779
Author(s):  
Soyoung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Reproducible Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Nursing Science

While current clinical research generally employs complex computational methods to analyze large amounts of data, reproducible research is a growing movement within the scientific community. This methodology paper consists of five sections discussing the definitions of replicability, reproducibility, and reproducible research, the current status of reproducible research in nursing science, the introduction of a reproducible framework, and the challenges and recommendations for reproducible research. To ensure the data preprocessing process and data analysis of an original study at the minimum standard, it is necessary for the study’s data investigative cycle to be transparent. Most arguments for reproducible research were driven by a critical review of journal articles and conference proceedings. The suggested methodological framework capturing how scientific research generates is expected to contribute to guiding nurse scientists to conduct reproducible research. To generate high-quality scientific evidence for evidence-based practice, the reproducible framework should be integrated into nursing research.

scholarly journals The Current Status of Microscopical Hair Comparisons

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 868-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter F. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Royal Canadian Mounted Police ◽  
Federal Bureau Of Investigation

Although the microscopical comparison of human hairs has been accepted in courts of law for over a century, recent advances in DNA technology have called this type of forensic examination into question. In a number of cases, post-conviction DNA testing has exonerated defendants who were convicted in part on the results of microscopical hair comparisons. A federal judge has held a Daubert hearing on the microscopical comparison of human hairs and has concluded that this type of examination does not meet the criteria for admission of scientific evidence in federal courts. A review of the available scientific literature on microscopical hair comparisons (including studies conducted by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Federal Bureau of Investigation) leads to three conclusions: (1) microscopical comparisons of human hairs can yield scientifically defensible conclusions that can contribute to criminal investigations and criminal prosecutions, (2) the reliability of microscopical hair comparisons is strongly affected by the training of the forensic hair examiner, (3) forensic hair examiners cannot offer estimates of the probability of a match of a questioned hair with a hair from a randomly selected person. In order for microscopical hair examinations to survive challenges under the U.S. Supreme Court’s Daubert decision, hair microscopists must be better trained and undergo frequent proficiency testing. More research on the error rates of microscopical hair comparisons should be undertaken, and guidelines for the permissible interpretations of such comparisons should be established. Until these issues have been addressed and satisfactorily resolved, microscopical hair comparisons should be regarded by law enforcement agencies and courts of law as merely presumptive in nature, and all microscopical hair comparisons should be confirmed by nuclear DNA profiling or mitochondrial DNA sequencing.

scholarly journals Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Vascular Dementia: An Overview of Scientific Evidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Chang ◽  
Jianxun Liu ◽  
Kellie Bilinski ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Genevieve Z. Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Medicine Research ◽  
Multiple Issues

Dementia is a leading cause of mental and physical disability. Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease (AD) constituting 10–15% of the dementia population. Currently there are no approved pharmaceutical options for VaD and the conventional anti-AD therapies provide only modest, short-term relief of symptoms associated with VaD. Herbal medicines have been used for the management of dementia-like symptoms for centuries and may provide viable therapies for VaD due to their multicomponent and multitarget approach. This review is designed to provide an updated overview on the current status of herbal medicine research, with an emphasis on Chinese herbal medicine, for the treatment of VaD or dementia. A case study is also provided to demonstrate the development process of a novel standardized complex herbal formulation for VaD. The article reveals some preliminary evidence to support the use of single and complex herbal preparations for VaD and dementia. Multiple issues in relation to clinical and preclinical research have been identified and future research directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Current status of presurgical infant orthopaedic treatment for cleft lip and palate patients: A critical review

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Priyanka Niranjane ◽  
R. H. Kamble ◽  
S. Pallavi Diagavane ◽  
S. Sunita Shrivastav ◽  
Puneet Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Aesthetic Results ◽  
Pubmed Search

ABSTRACTRehabilitation of cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients is a challenge for all the concerned members of the cleft team, and various treatment modalities have been attempted to obtain aesthetic results. Presurgical infant orthopaedics (PSIO) was introduced to reshape alveolar and nasal segments prior to surgical repair of cleft lip. However, literature reports lot of controversy regarding the use of PSIO in patients with CLP. Evaluation of long-term results of PSIO can provide scientific evidence on the efficacy and usefulness of PSIO in CLP patients. The aim was to assess the scientific evidence on the efficiency of PSIO appliances in patients with CLP and to critically analyse the current status of PSIO. A PubMed search was performed using the terms PSIO, presurgical nasoalveolar moulding and its long-term results and related articles were selected for the review. The documented studies report no beneficial effect of PSIO on maxillary arch dimensions, facial aesthetics and in the subsequent development of dentition and occlusion in CLP patients. Nasal moulding seems to be more beneficial and effective in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with better long-term results.

scholarly journals Study of heat pipe in motor cooling: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Zutao Chen ◽  
Zhongjun Yu ◽  
Jia Fu ◽  
Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Cooling Efficiency ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cooling Technology ◽  
Motor Cooling

The heat pipe as one of the most efficient heat exchanger device is used in many thermal engineering applications. Through sufficient literature research and summary, a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the application of heat pipe cooling technology in motor cooling is provided. The basic principles and key technologies of heat pipe cooling technology is introduced. What’s more, various factors affecting the cooling efficiency of heat pipes and two main types of heat pipe applications in motor cooling are discussed. Finally, the current status of research on heat pipe cooling motors at home and abroad are reviewed.

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