scholarly journals Prevention the formation of biofilm on orthopedic implants by melittin thin layer on chitosan/bioactive glass/vancomycin coatings

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Zarghami ◽  
Mohammad Ghorbani ◽  
Kamran Pooshang Bagheri ◽  
Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Implant Coating ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Titanium Substrates

AbstractMethicillin-resistant and Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (MRSA and VRSA, respectively) can seriously jeopardizes bone implants. This research aimed to examine the potential synergistic effects of Melittin and vancomycin in preventing MRSA and VRSA associated bone implant infections. Chitosan/bioactive glass nanoparticles/vancomycin composites were coated on hydrothermally etched titanium substrates by casting method. The composite coatings were coated by Melittin through drop casting technique. Melittin raised the proliferation of MC3T3 cells, making it an appropriate option as osteoinductive and antibacterial substance in coatings of orthopedic implants. Composite coatings having combined vancomycin and Melittin eliminated both planktonic and adherent MRSA and VRSA bacteria, whereas coatings containing one of them failed to kill the whole VRSA bacteria. Therefore, chitosan/bioactive glass/vancomycin/Melittin coating can be used as a bone implant coating because of its anti-infective properties.

Development of 45S5/PEEK Bioactive Coatings by Cold Gas Spray for Orthopedic Implants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Garrido ◽  
V. Albaladejo-Fuentes ◽  
I.G. Cano ◽  
S. Dosta
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Deposition Efficiency ◽  
Polymeric Matrix ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Bioactive Coatings ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Orthopedic Applications ◽  
Cold Gas

Abstract Cold Gas Spray (CGS) technology has allowed the development of biofunctional composite coatings composed of 45S5 and Polyetheretherketone (PEEK). The combination of a bioactive glass material embedded in a biocompatible polymeric matrix becomes this new composite in an interesting material for orthopedic applications since meet the biomechanical and biological requirements of an artificial implant. In the present study, blends of bioactive glass 45S5 and PEEK powder with different granulometry and 45S5/PEEK ratio have been prepared. These mixtures of powders have been deposited onto PEEK substrates by CGS with the goal of incorporating a bioactive additive to the biocompatible polymer, which can improve the bone-implant interaction of PEEK. The deposition efficiency (DE) and thickness of the coatings have been evaluated and from the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that DE and coating thickness are significantly affected by the granulometry and by the 45S5/PEEK ratio of the blends. By Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) inspection, it was observed that the use of blends with high 45S5/PEEK ratio led to the deposition of coatings with high content of 45S5 particles embedded in the polymeric matrix. Finally, the friction behavior of the coatings was analyzed performing ball-on-disk tests and these experiments showed that the presence of glass particles has a beneficial role in the wear resistance of the coatings.

scholarly journals Zein/Bioactive Glass Coatings with Controlled Degradation of Magnesium under Physiological Conditions: Designed for Orthopedic Implants

Prosthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Binding Ability ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Biomedical Device

Magnesium and its alloys are widely considered as temporary bio-implants owing to their mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the high corrosion rates and degradation in the physiological environment restrict the practical application of Mg as a biomedical device. Therefore, in this study, Zein/45S5 bioactive glass (BG) coatings were deposited via electrophoretic deposition (EPD) on pretreated pure magnesium (Mg) substrates, which controls the rapid degradation of magnesium. The set of EPD parameters was first optimized on stainless steel (SS) and then the optimum EPD parameters were applied to obtain zein/BG composite coatings on Mg substrates. The morphology of the obtained coatings was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM results showed that both zein and BG were successfully deposited on the surface of the Mg substrate. Electrochemical measurements consisting of open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization confirmed that the corrosion resistance of Mg improved after the deposition of zein/BG coatings. The in-vitro bioactivity study was carried out by immersing the zein/BG coatings in simulated body fluid for 3, 7, and 21 days. SEM, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results elucidated that the hydroxyapatite layer developed after 21 days of immersion in SBF, which confirmed the bone binding ability of the coatings.

Osteoclast and osteoblast response to strontium-doped struvite coatings on titanium for improved bone integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Moseke ◽  
Katharina Wimmer ◽  
Markus Meininger ◽  
Julia Zerweck ◽  
Cornelia Wolf-Brandstetter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Strontium Nitrate ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Electrochemically Deposited ◽  
Bone Integration ◽  
Titanium Substrates

AbstractTo develop implants with improved bone ingrowth, titanium substrates were coated with homogeneous and dense struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) layers by means of electrochemically assisted deposition. Strontium nitrate was added to the coating electrolyte in various concentrations, in order to fabricate Sr-doped struvite coatings with Sr loading ranging from 10.6 to 115 μg/cm2. It was expected and observed that osteoclast activity surrounding the implant was inhibited. The cytocompatibility of the coatings and the effect of Sr-ions in different concentrations on osteoclast formation were analyzed in vitro. Osteoclast differentiation was elucidated on morphological, biochemical as well as on gene expression level. It could be shown that moderate concentrations of Sr2+ had an inhibitory effect on osteoclast formation, while the growth of osteoblastic cells was not negatively influenced compared to pure struvite surfaces. In summary, the electrochemically deposited Sr-doped struvite coatings are a promising approach to improve bone implant ingrowth.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Silver–Strontium (Ag-Sr)-Doped Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Shaher Bano ◽  
Memoona Akhtar ◽  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Muhammad Salman Maqbool ◽  
Akbar Niaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Charge Composition ◽  
In Vitro Bioactivity ◽  
Mesoporous Bioactive Glass

Biomedical implants are the need of this era due to the increase in number of accidents and follow-up surgeries. Different types of bone diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteomalacia, bone cancer, etc., are increasing globally. Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) are used in biomedical devices due to their osteointegration and bioactive properties. In this study, silver (Ag)- and strontium (Sr)-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ag-Sr MBGNs) were prepared by a modified Stöber process. In this method, Ag+ and Sr2+ were co-substituted in pure MBGNs to harvest the antibacterial properties of Ag ions, as well as pro-osteogenic potential of Sr2 ions. The effect of the two-ion concentration on morphology, surface charge, composition, antibacterial ability, and in-vitro bioactivity was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the doping of Sr and Ag in MBGNs. SEM and EDX analysis confirmed the spherical morphology and typical composition of MBGNs, respectively. The Ag-Sr MBGNs showed a strong antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus carnosus and Escherichia coli bacteria determined via turbidity and disc diffusion method. Moreover, the synthesized Ag-Sr MBGNs develop apatite-like crystals upon immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), which suggested that the addition of Sr improved in vitro bioactivity. The Ag-Sr MBGNs synthesized in this study can be used for the preparation of scaffolds or as a filler material in the composite coatings for bone tissue engineering.

Validation of Impedance-Based Structural Health Monitoring in a Simulated Biomedical Implant System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert I. Ponder ◽  
Mohsen Safaei ◽  
Steven R. Anton
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Electromechanical Impedance ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Number Of Patients

Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is an important and in-demand procedure for the aging population of the United States. In recent decades, the number of TKR procedures performed has shown an increase. This pattern is expected to continue in the coming decades. Despite medical advances in orthopedic surgery, a high number of patients, approximately 20%, are dissatisfied with their procedure outcomes. Common causes that are suggested for this dissatisfaction include loosening of the implant components as well as infection. To eliminate loosening as a cause, it is necessary to determine the state of the implant both intra- and post-operatively. Previous research has focused on passively sensing the compartmental loads between the femoral and tibial components. Common methods include using strain gauges or even piezoelectric transducers to measure force. An alternative to this is to perform real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) of the implant to determine changes in the state of the system. A commonly investigated method of SHM, referred to as the electromechanical impedance (EMI) method, involves using the coupled electromechanical properties of piezoelectric transducers to measure the host structure’s condition. The EMI method has already shown promise in aerospace and infrastructure applications, but has seen limited testing for use in the biomechanical field. This work is intended to validate the EMI method for use in detecting damage in cemented bone-implant interfaces, with TKR being used as a case study to specify certain experimental parameters. An experimental setup which represents the various material layers found in a bone-implant interface is created with various damage conditions to determine the ability for a piezoelectric sensor to detect and quantify the change in material state. The objective of this work is to provide validation as well as a foundation on which additional work in SHM of orthopedic implants and structures can be performed.

scholarly journals Infections @ Trauma/Orthopedic Implants: Recent Advances on Materials, Methods, and Microbes—A Mini-Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5834
Author(s):  
Britt Wildemann ◽  
Klaus D. Jandt
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Antimicrobial Surfaces ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Implant Coating ◽  
Antibiotic Release

Implants and materials are indispensable in trauma and orthopedic surgery. The continuous improvements of implant design have resulted in an optimized mechanical function that supports tissue healing and restoration of function. One of the still unsolved problems with using implants and materials is infection. Trauma and material implantation change the local inflammatory situation and enable bacterial survival and material colonization. The main pathogen in orthopedic infections is Staphylococcus aureus. The research efforts to optimize antimicrobial surfaces and to develop new anti-infective strategies are enormous. This mini-review focuses on the publications from 2021 with the keywords S. aureus AND (surface modification OR drug delivery) AND (orthopedics OR trauma) AND (implants OR nails OR devices). The PubMed search yielded 16 original publications and two reviews. The original papers reported the development and testing of anti-infective surfaces and materials: five studies described an implant surface modification, three developed an implant coating for local antibiotic release, the combination of both is reported in three papers, while five publications are on antibacterial materials but not metallic implants. One review is a systematic review on the prevention of stainless-steel implant-associated infections, the other addressed the possibilities of mixed oxide nanotubes. The complexity of the approaches differs and six of them showed efficacy in animal studies.

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