Calibration and Uncertainty Analysis of a Carbon Accounting Model to Stem Wood Density and Partitioning of Biomass for Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus Radiata

New Forests ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keryn Paul ◽  
Phil Polglase ◽  
Peter Snowdon ◽  
Tivi Theiveyanathan ◽  
John Raison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Analysis ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Accounting Model

scholarly journals Inter-clonal variation, coordination and trade-offs between hydraulic conductance and gas exchange in Pinus radiata: consequences on plant growth and wood density

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Rodríguez-Gamir ◽  
Jianming Xue ◽  
Dean F Meason ◽  
Michael Clearwater ◽  
Peter W Clinton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Clonal Variation ◽  
Hydraulic Efficiency ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Trade Offs

Abstract Stem growth reflects genetic and phenotypic differences within a tree species. The plant hydraulic system regulates the carbon economy, and therefore variations in growth and wood density. A whole-organism perspective, by partitioning the hydraulic system, is crucial for understanding the physical and physiological processes that co-ordinately mediate plant growth. The aim of this study was to determine whether the relationships and trade-offs between (1) hydraulic traits and their relative contribution to whole-plant hydraulic system, (2) plant water transport, (3) CO2 assimilation, (4) plant growth and (5) wood density are revealed at inter-clonal level within a variable population of ten Pinus radiata (D. Don) clones for these characters. We demonstrated strong coordination between several plant organs regarding their hydraulic efficiency. Hydraulic efficiency, gas exchange and plant growth were intimately linked. Small reductions in stem wood density were related to large increase in sapwood hydraulic efficiency, and thus with plant growth. However, stem growth rate was negatively related with wood density. We discuss insights explaining the relationships and trade-offs of plant traits examined in this study, which provide better understanding of the existing coordination, likely genetic-dependent, between biophysical structure of wood, plant growth, hydraulic partitioning and physiological plant functions in P. radiata.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN WOOD DENSITY AND FIBER LENGTH WITH ESSENTIAL MACRO-NUTRIENTS ON BASE OF STEM OF Shorea leprosula and Shorea parvifolia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Rizki Maharani ◽  
Andrian Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Shorea Leprosula ◽  
Macro Nutrients

<p>S. leprosula and S. parvifolia are widely developed as source of high quality wood. The quality of wood could be affected by nutrient elements. It is important to measure the nutrients contained in tree stem including wood density and fiber length due to their influence in tree growth. This research aims to know correlation between wood density and fiber length with distribution of essential macro-nutrients; N, P and K on stem base of S. leprosula and S. parvifolia trees. Wood density measurement followed DIN 2135 standard method, fiber length measurement followed FPL method, and nutrient measurement used AAS method. Further, the observation data was analyzed using SPSS 16 software. Wood density and fiber length on stem bases of both of tree species tended to increase radially from section nearby the pith to section nearby the bark respectively. Wood density of S. leprosula ranged from 0.333-0.362 with 1.279-1.343 µm in fiber length, while wood density of S. parvifolia ranged from 0.285-0.346 with 1.497-1.805 µm in fiber length. Distribution of nutrient N, P and K of stem base from pith to bark also tended to increase. On S. leprosula, nutrient elements N, P, K had significant correlation with wood density and fiber length. On S parvifolia, nutrient elements N, P, K had a significant correlation with wood density. Meanwhile, nutrient elements N, P, K had a non significant correlation with fiber length.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords</strong> : Shorea leprosula, Shorea parvifolia, base of the stem, wood quality distribution, nutrient distribution.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluación del predio forestal San Vicente con fines de manejo y conservación ubicado en el cantón guano, Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1.1) ◽  
pp. 147-167
Author(s):  
Hernán Eriberto Chamorro Sevilla ◽  
Gladys Janneth Urquizo Buenaño ◽  
Ana Lucila Cushpa Guamán ◽  
David Francisco Lara Vásconez
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
El Sistema

La presente investigación se basa en la ordenación de los rodales que integran el predio forestal San Vicente, y es complementada por la descripción de su situación actual y el cálculo de indicadores dasométricos. Estos fueron componentes requeridos para la generación de estrategias de manejo técnico, mediante la aplicación del muestreo sistemático al instalar parcelas circulares de 250 m2 para el rodal uno, el censo al rodal 2 y el muestreo exploratorio a los rodales 3, 4 y 5. Según los resultados, el predio San Vicente está caracterizado por un rodal formado por cinco bloques de árboles de Pinus radiata, el rodal dos por árboles de Cupressus macrocarpa, el rodal 3 consta de dos bloques de Eucalyptus globulus en estado latizal bajo, el rodal cuatro o zona  de  conservación formado por especies arbóreas, arbustivas y herbáceas  y un quinto rodal o zona aprovechada. De acuerdo a lo expuesto, se propone aplicar raleo a una intensidad del 20 al 30% para los bloques del rodal uno, actividad de poda a los árboles de Cupresus macrocarpa del rodal dos, el rodal 3 requiere un manejo gradual de los árboles de Eucalyptus globulus en estado de latizal bajo; con fines de madera aserrada y postes se podría dejar entre 1-3 rebrotes por tocón, y para combustible (leña) un número mayor a tres; el rodal cuatro, se dejará como está y que los factores del sitio incidan hasta el próximo monitoreo entre 2-4 años. Finalmente, para el rodal cinco, se plantea reforestar con el uso de plántulas de Pinus radiata a un distanciamiento de 3m x 3 m a fin de establecer nuevamente el sistema de uso del suelo, propiciando la generación de beneficios ecológicos, económicos y sociales al aplicar criterios de manejo sustentable para la gestión de los recursos forestales del predio evaluado.

DEVS-Based Simulation Interoperability

2012 ◽  
pp. 377-393
Author(s):  
Thomas Wutzler ◽  
Hessam Sarjoughian
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Real World ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Abstract Model ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Accounting Model ◽  
Component Models

This chapter introduces the usage of DEVS for the purpose of implementing interoperability across heterogeneous simulation models. It shows that the DEVS framework provides a simple, yet effective conceptual basis for handling simulation interoperability. It discusses the various useful properties of the DEVS framework, describes the Shared Abstract Model (SAM) approach for interoperating simulation models, and compares it to other approaches. The DEVS approach enables formal model specification with component models implemented in multiple programming languages. The simplicity of the integration of component models designed in the DEVS, DTSS, and DESS simulation formalisms and implemented in the programming languages Java and C++ is demonstrated by a basic educational example and by a real world forest carbon accounting model. The authors hope, that readers will appreciate the combination of generalness and simplicity and that readers will consider using the DEVS approach for simulation interoperability in their own projects.

Insectos asociados a trozas de Pinus radiata, Eucalyptus globulus, Nothofagus dombeyi y Laureila philippiana en la Octava y Décima Región de Chile

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolly Lanfranco ◽  
Sandra Ide ◽  
Cecilia Ruiz ◽  
Hernan Peredo ◽  
Isabel Vives
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Nothofagus Dombeyi

scholarly journals Prediction of Whole-Stem α-Cellulose Yield, Lignin Content, and Wood Density in Juvenile and Mature Loblolly Pine

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Aspinwall ◽  
Bailian Li ◽  
Steven E. McKeand ◽  
Fikret Isik ◽  
Marcia L. Gumpertz
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Wood Property ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Cellulose Yield ◽  
Weighted Averages ◽  
Breast Height

Abstract Models were developed for predicting whole-stem α-cellulose yield, lignin content, and wood density in 14- and 20-year-old loblolly pine across three different sites. Also, the relationships between juvenile-, transition-, and mature-wood α-cellulose yield, lignin content, and wood density at breast-height and overall whole-stem wood property values were examined. Whole-stem wood property weighted averages were calculated by taking 12-mm core samples at breast height and at 2.4-m incremental heights up each tree, and breast-height wood property values were then used to predict whole-stem weighted averages. Despite large differences in growth across sites and both ages, whole-stem models based on whole cores taken at breast height were not significantly different among sites, and coefficients of determination (R2) were 0.87, 0.74, and 0.78 for α-cellulose, lignin, and wood density, respectively. Generally, whole-stem prediction models based on sections of wood at breast height were not significantly different among sites and were less effective than cores as predictors, explaining between 39 and 82% of the variation in whole-stem wood traits. The results of this study indicate that the relationship between breast height and whole-stem wood chemical properties (and density) is predictable and consistent across sites in both juvenile and mature loblolly pine.

Effect of tree, stand, and site variables on the allometry of Eucalyptus globulus tree biomass

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno António ◽  
Margarida Tomé ◽  
José Tomé ◽  
Paula Soares ◽  
Luís Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
System Of Equations ◽  
Tree Allometry ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Stage Of Development

The objective of this study was to develop a system of compatible equations to estimate eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus globulus Labill.) tree aboveground biomass and biomass of tree components for forest biomass prediction across regional boundaries. Data came from 441 trees sampled on several sites (99 and 14 plots in planted and coppice regenerated stands, respectively) representative of the eucalyptus expansion area in Portugal. The system of equations, simultaneously fitted using seemingly unrelated regression, was based on the allometric model for the biomass of stem wood, stem bark, leaves, and branches. Total aboveground biomass was expressed as the sum of the biomass of the respective tree components. The study allowed the following conclusions: (i) there is a significant increase in the predictive ability of the models that include height (stem components) or crown length (crown components) as an additional predictor to diameter at 1.30 m; (ii) there is a clear effect of the stage of development of the stand on tree allometry, with a decreasing pattern of the allometric constants; (iii) no effect of stand density, site index or climate on tree allometry was found; and (iv) for practical purposes, the same system of equations can be used for planted and coppice regenerated stands.

Wood Density and Above-Ground Growth in High and Low Wood Density Clones of Pinus radiata D. Don

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 615 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW Sheriff ◽  
DA Rook
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
High Light ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Simple Relationship ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
High Light Treatment

In Pinus radiata a negative relationship has usually been found between stem volume and wood density. Clones previously found to produce wood of high or low density were used to investigate interrelationships between above-ground partitioning coefficients, carbon gain, and wood density. Cuttings had been propagated c. 5 years earlier, and were 5 m high when the experiment started. Potential carbon gain of the tree was manipulated by using two light environments; one with a light level c. 1.5 times the other. Measurements were of changes in stem, branch, and needle biomass during the 305-day experiment, of rates of photosynthesis, and of wood density by β-ray densitometry and microscopy; densities determined by the two techniques were the same. For all but two trees, wood densities of a stem and its branches were the same; for the other two, stem density was 13% less than that of their branches. Trees in the high light treatment accumulated more above-ground biomass, but there was no simple relationship between wood density and either above-ground growth or photosynthesis. With one exception, partitioning of photosynthate to stem was constant. In most cases, proportionately less photosynthate (30-80%) was allocated to below-ground biomass in the low light treatment than in the high light treatment (60-80%).

scholarly journals Intraspecific structural signs of curly silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) growing in the Ukrainian Carpathians

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 299-308
Author(s):  
Ivan Sopushynskyy ◽  
Ruslan Maksymchuk ◽  
Yaroslav Kopolovets ◽  
Sezgin Ayan
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this paper is to present the intraspecific differentiation of the curly silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) by the wood structure growing in the Ukrainian Carpathians. To find the morphological distinctions by using the silvicultural and biometric methods, 50 silver fir trees with anomalous wavy-relief stemwood formations were investigated. The trees aged from 94 to 132 years were characterised by the diameter at breast height of 32–59 cm. The length of the wave-grained stemwood varied from 6 to 11.5 m. The amplitude of the wood fibre waves varied from 4.4 to 24.1 mm. The smallest values of the amplitude of the wave-grained wood corresponded to the smaller wavelengths. The significant differences in the wood density and annual growth between the silver fir trees with the straight-grained and wave-grained stem wood were determined. The number of annual rings in 1 cm of the curly silver fir was 27.1% lower and 22.7% higher than the same characteristics for the straight-grained stem wood. The obtained linear equation described the relationship between the number of annual rings in 1 cm and the basic wood density of the silver fir with the straight-grained wood. The aesthetic features of the curly silver fir stem wood were discussed in the subject area of a new niche of exclusive wood products.

Direct Effects of Wood Characteristics on Pulp and Handsheet Properties of Eucalyptus globulus

Holzforschung ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wimmer ◽  
G.M. Downes ◽  
R. Evans ◽  
G. Rasmussen ◽  
J. French
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Handsheet Properties

Summary Fibre length, microfibril angle and wood density were measured in eight-year-old Eucalyptus globulus clones planted on three different sites. Samples were chipped and pulped, and the pulps beaten prior to preparation of 60g/m2 handsheets. Eleven physical handsheet properties, together with pulp freeness, were measured using standard methods. Direct relationships between wood properties and pulp/paper properties were studied using path analysis. Fibre length had a strong, direct effect on tear index, bending stiffness, freeness, pulp yield and active alkali consumption. Wood density was a strong predictor of most handsheet properties: high density woods produced bulkier, more porous sheets with higher bending stiffness, while lower density woods produced smoother, denser sheets with higher tensile strength.The effect of microfibril angle was small and more evident in handsheets made from beaten pulp.

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