Analysis of efficiency in public research activities in terms of knowledge spillover: focusing on earthquake R&D accomplishments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhee Bae ◽  
Yanghon Chung ◽  
Hyesoo Ko
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Spillover ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Research Activities

scholarly journals Increasing interoperability for research clouds: CS3APIs for connecting sync&share storage, applications and science environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 07041
Author(s):  
Hugo González Labrador ◽  
Jakub T. Mościcki ◽  
Massimo Lamanna ◽  
Alberto Pace
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Institutional Research ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Integrated Science ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Reference Implementation ◽  
European Education ◽  
Research And Education

Cloud Services for Synchronization and Sharing (CS3) [14] have become increasing popular in the European Education and Research landscape in the last years. Services such as CERNBox, SWITCHdrive, SURFdrive, PSNCBox, Sciebo, CloudStor and many more have become indispensable in everyday work for scientists, engineers, educators and other users in public research and education sector. CS3 services are currently too fragmented and lack interoperability. To fix this problem and interconnect storage-, applicationand research services a set of interoperable interfaces, CS3APIs [10], has been developed. CS3APIs enable creation of easily-accessible and integrated science environments, facilitating cross-institutional research activities and avoiding fragmented silos based on ad-hoc solutions. In this paper we introduce the CS3APIs and its reference implementation, Reva [16].

scholarly journals Efectos de las políticas públicas sobre las preferencias y orientación de la investigación realizada por académicos STEM de IES de México

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Oswaldo González Bello ◽  
Etty Haydeé Estévez Nenninger ◽  
Carlos Javier Del Cid García
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Academic Management ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Research Type

This study analyzes the effects of some of Mexico's public policies on preferences and time dedicated to teaching and research activities, including research type and orientation as well as innovative activities and and dissemination of knowledge, according to academics from different types of higher education institutions. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used that was answered by 301 academics of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), assigned to the 34 State Public Universities (UPES) and 17 Public Research Centers (CPI) of CONACyT. With respect to the 2007 national survey, the results show changes in the preferences of academics: a decreased inclination toward teaching and an increase in the preference for the research activities of UPES scholars, despite high numbers of weekly hours devoted to teaching. In the CPI portion, the predominant tendency towards research, and mainly applied research, is maintained. For both types of institutions, little time is dedicated to the tasks of linkage and academic management.

scholarly journals Quality of research as source and signal: revisiting the valorization process beyond substitution vs complementarity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bonaccorsi ◽  
Brigida Blasi ◽  
Carmela Anna Nappi ◽  
Sandra Romagnosi
Keyword(s):  
Research Funding ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Academic Quality ◽  
Research Activities

AbstractIn recent years, the growing interest of universities in valorization of research activities (tipically through technology transfer—patenting and licensing—and academic entrepreneurship) has generated a debate on its impact on scientific knowledge production. There have been controversies on the potentially negative effect of university research valorization on public research, in terms of quality, long term vs short term orientation, and accessibility. The debate has been traditionally framed in terms of substitution vs complementarity between public research and valorization. In this paper we argue that the key to understand the relation between public research and valorization lies in the role of research funding, particularly: (a) competitive public research funding; (b) third party commercial funding. If the funding system (both public and private) takes the value of academic research as signal of quality, then high quality researchers are able to attract extra-funds beyond ordinary endowment. In turn, these additional funds can be used as a source to organize an effective and long-term division of labor in laboratories in order to support inventions and licensing (patents) and entrepreneurial activities (spin-off companies). In this case academic quality and commercialization are strong complement and positive feedback loops are generated. This interpretation on the role of funding is strongly supported by original data from the Italian Evaluation of Research Quality VQR 2011–2014 dataset. The paper is based on a unique and novel dataset, that integrates data on valorization of research activities at individual and institutional level on all the Italian universities and microdata on research quality on 32,616 researchers in STEM disciplines.

scholarly journals PARTICIPATION OF UNIVERSITIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 210-212
Author(s):  
N. A. Khramtsova ◽  
K. B. Rybakova
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Research Systems ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Over Time

The centrality of universities in public research systems has grown over time as interactions with industry take place. This interaction poses two problems. One concerns individual scientists and the potential trade-off between core research activities and those required to successfully develop and commercialize scientific inventions. A second dilemma arises with the tension between the industry's need to rely on clear and solid intellectual property rights and the totality of scientific enterprises.

scholarly journals Smart working e Ricerca: il punto di vista dei Ricercatori e Tecnologi dell’INGV

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio DI FELICE ◽  
Laura Alfonsi ◽  
Giuseppe De Natale ◽  
Luca Malagnini ◽  
Marco Olivieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Collective Agreement ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Labor Agreement ◽  
Smart Working

The health emergency due to Covid-19 has projected the employees of the Italian public administration into targeted and, essentially, forced smart working for everyone. This, together with the immediate benefit of mitigating the effects of the pandemic, has brought out the advantages and disadvantages of its application to the world of Research. Through an analysis of the differences between technical-administrative services and research activities, and taking as a reference the National Collective Labor Agreement, we want to highlight, in this article, the unresolved issues of the full application of smart working also in view of the application a smart working organizational plan that the Public Research Institutes administrations must prepare annually. The aim of this article is to emphasize the specificities of the Research with respect to administrative management with a view to constructive collaboration and to improve the functioning of the Institution.A survey of 585 Researchers and Technologists of a large Italian research institute, the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology, clearly showed the positions of the employees on the key points of the question of the application of smart working, that respects the dictates of the National Collective Agreement of Researchers and Technologists regarding the autonomy and freedom of research enshrined in our legal system based on the Constitutional Charter. The analysis of the results may promote the identification of possible harmonization between smart working and research activity to find the model that meets one's needs and characteristics that can be shared by the entire scientific community of Italian Public Research Institutes and both advantage of working well-being even in health emergencies.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Dynamical Capabilities into the Public Research Institutes to Their Strategic Decision-Making

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6672
Author(s):  
A.E. Rodríguez Salazar ◽  
M.A. Domínguez-Crespo ◽  
A.M. Torres-Huerta ◽  
A.I. Licona-Aguilar ◽  
A. Nivón-Pellón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Research Institutes

Academy–industry collaborations (AICs) play a crucial role in the creation of new knowledge, by transferring this knowledge to the society and bringing into line theory and practice. Although in the state-of-the-art exists a number of efforts to analyze different factors that influence these collaborations, little attention has been paid in the application of dynamic capabilities (DCs) as an emerging tool to identify strategic elements in public research institutes (PRIs). Aiming to fill this literature gap, in this study, DCs methodology was applied to the Mexican PRI in order to classify the research activities into these strategies. A second stage was carried out to determine the influence of each DC in the global productivity and knowledge integration or transfer. The relationship between the variables was statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The main findings of this study showed that sensing and reconfiguration capabilities have a direct interaction on the global productivity and knowledge integration or transfer of the Mexican PRI, whereas the seizing capabilities present a weak impact on these items. The proper application of the DCs framework, as a substantial instrument for the PRI, opens up an alternative to identify that the main activities should receive special attention during the strategic planning process. These strategies can improve academy–industry collaborations by promoting the process of global knowledge and technology development.

Computer-aided methods for 3-D visualization of serial sections and thick biological specimens

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1060-1061
Author(s):  
Mark Ellisman ◽  
Maryann Martone ◽  
Gabriel Soto ◽  
Eleizer Masliah ◽  
David Hessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Neuritic Plaque ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Molecular Physiology ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Structurally-oriented biologists examine cells, tissues, organelles and macromolecules in order to gain insight into cellular and molecular physiology by relating structure to function. The understanding of these structures can be greatly enhanced by the use of techniques for the visualization and quantitative analysis of three-dimensional structure. Three projects from current research activities will be presented in order to illustrate both the present capabilities of computer aided techniques as well as their limitations and future possibilities.The first project concerns the three-dimensional reconstruction of the neuritic plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. We have developed a software package “Synu” for investigation of 3D data sets which has been used in conjunction with laser confocal light microscopy to study the structure of the neuritic plaque. Tissue sections of autopsy samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease were double-labeled for tau, a cytoskeletal marker for abnormal neurites, and synaptophysin, a marker of presynaptic terminals.

Ethnogeriatrics: Development and Application of the Cohort Analysis Tool

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Melen McBride
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Practice Teaching ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Significant Factors

Ethnogeriatrics is an evolving specialty in geriatric care that focuses on the health and aging issues in the context of culture for older adults from diverse ethnic backgrounds. This article is an introduction to ethnogeriatrics for healthcare professionals including speech-language pathologists (SLPs). This article focuses on significant factors that contributed to the development of ethnogeriatrics, definitions of some key concepts in ethnogeriatrics, introduces cohort analysis as a teaching and clinical tool, and presents applications for speech-language pathology with recommendations for use of cohort analysis in practice, teaching, and research activities.

Items’ Cross-Category Associations as a Confounding Factor in the Implicit Association Test

2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Steffens ◽  
Inga Plewe
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Confounding Factor ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Association Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reaction Time Difference ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Degree Of Association

Abstract. The introduction of the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 ) has stimulated numerous research activities. The IAT is supposed to measure the degree of association between concepts. Instances have to be assigned to these concepts by pressing appropriate keys as quickly as possible. The reaction time difference between certain conditions, termed the IAT effect, is used as an indicator of the degree of the concepts’ association. We tested the hypothesis that the degree of association between one concept (or category) and the instances of the other presented concept also influences reaction times. In our experiment, the instances in the target categories, male and female names, were kept constant. The adjectives in the evaluative categories were manipulated: Either the pleasant adjectives were female-associated and the unpleasant adjectives were male-associated, or vice versa. These stereotypic associations were indeed found to exert a substantial influence on the size of the IAT effect. This finding casts doubt on the assumption that the IAT effect may be interpreted as a pure measure of the degree of association between concepts.

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