Evaluation of root traits in F2-progeny of interspecific hybrid between Lotus corniculatus “Super-Root” and tetraploid Lotus japonicus

Lotus corniculatus, birdsfoot trefoil, is a Eurasian perennial legume, popular in temperate climates for pasture or hay and silage production. Its ancestry is controversial. While innumerable studies of L. corniculatus and allied species have been published, comprehensive morphological, geographical, and genetic studies are still needed. Nevertheless, there is sufficient information for a provisional analysis of the origin and relationships of this important economical species. Although sometimes defined to have diploid populations, L. corniculatus essentially appears to be tetraploid. Biochemical and genetic evidence indicates that this species is an allotetraploid. Although about a dozen diploid species have been proposed as ancestral to L. corniculatus, the evidence points strongly to four of these species. Lotus uliginosus uniquely shares a rhizomatous habit, an acyanogenic factor, and a tannin characteristic with L. corniculatus, clearly showing an especially close relationship, and reflecting the possibility that it is one of two direct parental species. Principal candidates for a second parent include Lotus alpinus, Lotus japonicus, and Lotus tenuis. A phenetic analysis presented here accords well with the hypothesis favoured in this paper that L. corniculatus arose as a hybrid of L. tenuis and L. uliginosus. Cytogenetic evidence indicates that L. japonicus is especially closely related to L. corniculatus. Flower colour in the hybrids between L. uliginosus and L. tenuis suggest maternal inheritance and that L. tenuis could have been the female parent. An evolutionary sequence is suggested in which L. uliginosus hybridized with L. tenuis followed by introgression from L. alpinus and L. japonicus. Alternatively, a prototype of L. alpinus, L. japonicus, and L. tenuis could have been the female parent of L. corniculatus, based on evidence from maternal inheritance of flower colour intensity and interactions of Rhizobium strains. Keywords: polyploidy, hybridization, evolution, Lotus species, Fabaceae, birdsfoot trefoil, Lotus corniculatus.

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Peroxidase activity against guaiacol, NADH, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and coniferyl alcohol in root tips of Lotus japonicus and L. corniculatus grown under low pH and aluminium stress

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-010-0029-3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Veronika Zelinová ◽

Igor Mistrík ◽

Peter Paľove-Balang ◽

Ladislav Tamás

Keyword(s):

Ferulic Acid ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Lotus Japonicus ◽

Lotus Corniculatus ◽

Low Ph ◽

Coniferyl Alcohol ◽

Defence Response ◽

Root Tip ◽

H2o2 Production ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the impact of low pH and Al stress on the apoplastic production of H2O2 and POD activity against guaiacol, ferulic acid, coniferyl alcohol, NADH and chlorogenic acid in the root tip (RT) of two cultivars of Lotus corniculatus and the model Lotus japonicus Gifu, with the goal to determine the possible role of POD activity in proton and Al tolerance. Our results suggest that Lotus corniculatus cv. UFRGS is more tolerant to low pH and Al than cv. Draco due to the high POD activities involved in CW strengthening. The enzymatic response of Lotus japonicus Gifu is similar rather to the sensitive cultivar. On the other hand, in cvs Draco and Gifu low pH induced the activation of CW-modifying PODs, which is probably a component of the defence response of roots to the presence of toxic protons. Aluminium did not activate further these activities suggesting that defence response and acclimation to low pH confers also effective defence against Al toxicity in Lotus species. The activity of NADH-POD and CGA-POD were not affected significantly by exposure to low pH or Al. Al and pH induced drop in H2O2 production, which was more relevant in cv. Gifu and Draco than in cv. UFRGS is probably associated with enhanced activity of peroxidases involved in secondary CW metabolism utilizing H2O2 as an electron acceptor.

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TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON GERMINATION OF 'GRASSLANDS MAKU' LOTUS AND OTHER EXPERIMENTAL LOTUS SELECTIONS

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1989.50.1883 ◽

1989 ◽

pp. 197-201

Author(s):

J.F.L. Charlton

Keyword(s):

Seed Size ◽

Interspecific Hybrid ◽

Temperature Effects ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Lotus Corniculatus ◽

Fluctuating Temperature ◽

Lotus Seed ◽

Germination Temperature ◽

Hybrid Selection ◽

Lotus Pedunculatus

The germination rate of 'Grasslands Maku' lotus (Lotus pedunculatus Cav. syn L uliginosus) was assessed at constant temperatures of 20°C, 15°C, 10°C and a fluctuating temperature of 5/10°C (16 h/8 h per day). Germmation rate declined with temperature. Maximum germmation level was reached by 2 weeks at 20°C and 15°C. but at 10°C only 30% of seeds, and at 5/1O"C only 1% had germinated by this stage. Large seeds of Maku germinated faster than small seeds. Seedlot thousand seed weights of Maku lotus parent plants varied from 0.78 to 0.96 g and germmation rates of these lots at 5/10°C were associated wth seed size. Maku and 4 other lotus selections had much lower germination rates than two Lotus corniculatus cultivars and an interspecific hybrid selection G.4712. G.4702 (another tetraploid) germinated more rapidly than other lotus selections and Maku. These results indicate the need for production of quality Maku lotus seed, especially in terms of seed size, and for selection to improve germination rate. Keywords: Maku lotus, germination, temperature

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Root morphological traits of oil palm genotypes with differential resistance to fatal yellowing

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6p3073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 3073-3088

Author(s):

Gerson Carlos Pinto Gloria ◽

◽

Steel Silva Vasconcelos ◽

Rui Alberto Gomes Junior ◽

Alessandra de Jesus Boari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Interspecific Hybrid ◽

Fine Roots ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Root Traits ◽

Differential Resistance ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Initial Symptom ◽

Length And Area ◽

The Relationship

Brazil has an extensive area where the climate and soil are suitable for oil palm growing. However, in part of this area, production has been limited by the occurrence of the fatal yellowing (FY) anomaly, whose initial symptom is the rotting of absorptive roots. This symptom can be more severe in oil palm genetic materials with a smaller root system. The aim of this study was to examine morphological traits of roots and shoots of seedlings of three oil palm genotypes with different degrees of resistance to FY, namely, Tenera (sensitive), Caiaué (resistant) and Interspecific Hybrid (resistant) to provide bases to elucidate the differential resistance of these materials to FY. Shoot biomass did not vary statistically between the genetic materials. The mass, length and area of fine and very fine roots were significantly higher in the Interspecific Hybrid than in Caiaué and Tenera. The fine and very fine roots of Interspecific Hybrid had a larger mass than Caiaué (114 and 133%, respectively) and Tenera (216 and 178%, respectively). The Interspecific Hybrid also exhibited higher values for the length of fine and very fine roots than Caiaué (155 and 99% respectively) and Tenera (228 and 94% respectively). The root traits of the Interspecific Hybrid and Tenera are compatible with their differential resistance to FY. Our results demonstrate the importance of expanding the study of the relationship between root morphology and resistance to FY in these genetic materials under conditions that favor the occurrence of the anomaly, such as flooding.

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Large-Scale Phenotyping of Root Traits in the Model Legume Lotus japonicus

Methods in Molecular Biology - Plant Genomics ◽

10.1007/978-1-4939-7003-2_11 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 155-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marco Giovannetti ◽

Anna Małolepszy ◽

Christian Göschl ◽

Wolfgang Busch

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Lotus Japonicus ◽

Root Traits ◽

Model Legume

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Experimentally altered rainfall regimes and host root traits affect grassland arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

10.32942/osf.io/cu4jh ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Coline Deveautour ◽

Suzanne Donn ◽

Sally Power ◽

Kirk Barnett ◽

Jeff Powell

Keyword(s):

Fungal Community ◽

Community Assembly ◽

Root Length ◽

Specific Root Length ◽

Root Traits ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Rainfall Regime ◽

Precipitation Regimes ◽

Rainfall Regimes

Future climate scenarios predict changes in rainfall regimes. These changes are expected to affect plants via effects on the expression of root traits associated with water and nutrient uptake. Associated microorganisms may also respond to these new precipitation regimes, either directly in response to changes in the soil environment or indirectly in response to altered root trait expression. We characterised arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities in an Australian grassland exposed to experimentally altered rainfall regimes. We used Illumina sequencing to assess the responses of AM fungal communities associated with four plant species sampled in different watering treatments and evaluated the extent to which shifts were associated with changes in root traits. We observed that altered rainfall regimes affected the composition but not the richness of the AM fungal communities, and we found distinctive communities in the increased rainfall treatment. We found no evidence of altered rainfall regime effects via changes in host physiology because none of the studied traits were affected by changes in rainfall. However, specific root length was observed to correlate with AM fungal richness, while concentrations of phosphorus and calcium in root tissue and the proportion of root length allocated to fine roots were correlated to community composition. Our study provides evidence that climate change and its effects on rainfall may influence AM fungal community assembly, as do plant traits related to plant nutrition and water uptake. We did not find evidence that host responses to altered rainfall drive AM fungal community assembly in this grassland ecosystem.

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PRIMING AS THE FACTOR OF INCREASE OF EFFICIENCY SEED PRODUCTION OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL

Multifunctional adaptive fodder production ◽

10.33814/mak-2020-24-72-94-105 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vladimir Zolotarev

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Characteristic Property ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Lotus Corniculatus ◽

Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Field Germination

A characteristic property of legumes is the formation of hard-stone seeds. To use such seeds for sowing, it is necessary to carry out measures to increase their seeding indicators. The article provides an overview of methods of pre-sowing preparation of seeds, priming (Seed Priming). The harvest of Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) can contain up to 90% or more hard-stone seeds. Mechanical priming of hard-stone seeds of Birdsfoot trefoil increases their germination energy and field germination.

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The description of a new Bruchophagus species (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) developing in seeds of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Descr. (Fabaceae) in Iran

Ukrainian Entomological Journal ◽

10.15421/281902 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 12-15

Author(s):

M.D. Zerova ◽

A. Al-Sendi ◽

V.N. Fursov ◽

H. Adeli-Manesh ◽

S.E. Sadeghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Host Plant ◽

Lotus Corniculatus ◽

Lateral View ◽

National Academy Of Sciences ◽

Melilotus Officinalis ◽

Biological Features ◽

Academy Of Sciences

The new species, Bruchophagus ayadi sp.n., is reared from seed pods of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr. (Fabaceae) in Iran (Lorestan). The new species is close to B. platypterus (Walk.), but differs by roundish abdomen and very gibbous, almost globular (in lateral view) mesosoma. These species can be also differentiated by some biological features. The host plant of B. platypterus is Lotus corniculatus L., whereas the new species is reared from Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr. Holotype of Bruchophagus ayadi sp.n. is deposited in the collection of I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv).

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Field study of a new interspecific hybrid

Cereal Research Communications ◽

10.1556/crc.35.2007.2.75 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 465-468

Author(s):

Borbála Hoffmann ◽

Sándor Hoffmann ◽

József Kruppa ◽

Dezső Szalay

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Interspecific Hybrid

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