Does Bienertia cycloptera with the single-cell system of C4 photosynthesis exhibit a seasonal pattern of δ13C values in nature similar to co-existing C4 Chenopodiaceae having the dual-cell (Kranz) system?

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Akhani ◽  
María Valeria Lara ◽  
Maryam Ghasemkhani ◽  
Hubert Ziegler ◽  
Gerald E. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Δ13c Values

scholarly journals Seasonal variation in nitrogen pools and <sup>15</sup>N/<sup>13</sup>C natural abundances in different tissues of grassland plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1583-1595 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wang ◽  
J. K. Schjoerring
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Exchange Potential ◽  
Total N ◽  
Δ13c Values ◽  
Green Leaves ◽  
Nh3 Emission ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Grassland Plants ◽  
N Assimilation ◽  
Different Tissues

Abstract. Seasonal changes in nitrogen (N) pools, carbon (C) content and natural abundance of 13C and 15N in different tissues of ryegrass plants were investigated in two intensively managed grassland fields in order to address their ammonia (NH3) exchange potential. Green leaves generally had the largest total N concentration followed by stems and inflorescences. Senescent leaves had the lowest N concentration, indicating N re-allocation. The seasonal pattern of the Γ value, i.e. the ratio between NH4+ and H+ concentrations, was similar for the various tissues of the ryegrass plants but the magnitude of Γ differed considerably among the different tissues. Green leaves and stems generally had substantially lower Γ values than senescent leaves and litter. Substantial peaks in Γ were observed during spring and summer in response to fertilization and grazing. These peaks were associated with high NH4+ rather than with low H+ concentrations. Peaks in Γ also appeared during the winter, coinciding with increasing δ15N values, indicating absorption of N derived from mineralization of soil organic matter. At the same time, δ13C values were declining, suggesting reduced photosynthesis and capacity for N assimilation. δ15N and δ13C values were more influenced by mean monthly temperature than by the accumulated monthly precipitation. In conclusion, ryegrass plants showed a clear seasonal pattern in N pools. Green leaves and stems of ryegrass plants generally seem to constitute a sink for NH3, while senescent leaves have a large potential for NH3 emission. However, management events such as fertilisation and grazing may create a high NH3 emission potential even in green plant parts. The obtained results provide input for future modelling of plant-atmosphere NH3 exchange.

scholarly journals The Identification of Electrolyte Property of Humus-Contained Andosol Soil Using Cu-Zn Electrodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Irvan Maulana Firdaus ◽  
Diva N.M.D. Masyitoh ◽  
Tharra A.N. Azizah ◽  
Febiyanto Febiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Humus Substance ◽  
Electrode Area ◽  
Electrode Distance ◽  
Cationic Exchange ◽  
Cu And Zn

<p><em>This study investigated the electrolyte property of humus-contained andosol soil using Volta cell. The electrodes that are used were Cu and Zn for cathode and anode, respectively. This research was done by varying electrode area and distance between Cu and Zn electrodes. The varied electrode area was 20, 30, and 40 cm<sup>2</sup>, whereas the electrode distance was 3, 4, and 5 cm. Then, the current and voltage profiles of Volta cell system were measured using a digital multimeter. The result showed that humus-contained andosol soil has an electrolyte property. Electrolyte property of andosol soil might be due to the humus substance that has a high cationic-exchange capacity. Besides, it showed that the increase of the electrode area, the current and voltage were increased gradually. In contrast, the increase in current and voltage could be found by the decrease of electrode distance. In addition, the use of 24-Volta cells system enhancing current and voltage compared to a single cell. It suggests that the increase of current and voltage was relatively proportional to the number of Volta cell. Therefore, this research can be a reference for the identification of electrolyte property of natural or waste materials.</em></p>

scholarly journals Resolving the Compartmentation and Function of C4 Photosynthesis in the Single-Cell C4 Species Bienertia sinuspersici

2011 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 1612-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Offermann ◽  
Thomas W. Okita ◽  
Gerald E. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Bienertia Sinuspersici ◽  
C4 Species ◽  
And Function

Prediction of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power System Performance Through Multi-Level Modeling

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Bessette ◽  
W. J. Wepfer
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Multi Level

This paper presents an integrated multi-level model of a solid oxide fuel cell system, which accounts for the effects of concentration, activation, and ohmic polarizations on single-cell performance, as well as the cell-to-cell interactions in a cell stack module. Furthermore, this model extends the work of Lu and Mahoney (1988) and Harvey and Richter (1994) by including the performance of a cell stack operating with a fuel reformer, heat exchangers, and a steam generator over a range of design parameters. This paper also demonstrates the procedure by which a single-cell model is scaled to a system model.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of Nylon 12 Monomer, ω-Aminododecanoic Acid Using Artificial Self-Sufficient P450, AlkJ and ω-TA

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ahsan ◽  
Mahesh Patil ◽  
Hyunwoo Jeon ◽  
Sihyong Sung ◽  
Taeowan Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Reductase ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Nylon 12

ω-Aminododecanoic acid is considered as one of the potential monomers of Nylon 12, a high-performance member of the bioplastic family. The biosynthesis of ω-aminododecanoic acid from renewable sources is an attractive process in the polymer industry. Here, we constructed three artificial self-sufficient P450s (ArtssP450s) using CYP153A13 from Alcanivorax borkumensis and cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) domains of natural self-sufficient P450s (CYP102A1, CYP102A5, and 102D1). Among them, artificial self-sufficient P450 (CYP153A13BM3CPR) with CYP102A1 CPR showed the highest catalytically activity for dodecanoic acid (DDA) substrate. This form of ArtssP450 was further co-expressed with ω-TA from Silicobacter pomeroyi and AlkJ from Pseudomonas putida GPo1. This single-cell system was used for the biotransformation of dodecanoic acid (DDA) to ω-aminododecanoic acid (ω-AmDDA), wherein we could successfully biosynthesize 1.48 mM ω-AmDDA from 10 mM DDA substrate in a one-pot reaction. The productivity achieved in the present study was five times higher than that achieved in our previously reported multistep biosynthesis method (0.3 mM).

scholarly journals The efficiency of the CO2-concentrating mechanism during single-cell C4 photosynthesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNY L. KING ◽  
GERALD E. EDWARDS ◽  
ASAPH B. COUSINS
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Co2 Concentrating Mechanism ◽  
Concentrating Mechanism

Use of single-cell imaging techniques to assess the regulation of cAMP dynamics

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Willoughby ◽  
D.M.F. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
Anchoring Protein ◽  
Model Cell

cAMP is a ubiquitous intracellular signalling molecule that can regulate a wide array of cellular processes. The diversity of action of this second messenger owes much to the localized generation, action and hydrolysis of cAMP within discrete subcellular regions. Further signalling specificity can be achieved by the ability of cells to modulate the frequency or incidence of such cAMP signals. Here, we discuss the use of two cAMP biosensors that measure real-time cAMP changes in the single cell, to address the mechanisms underlying the generation of dynamic cAMP signals. The first method monitors sub-plasmalemmal cAMP changes using mutant cyclic nucleotide-gated channels and identifies an AKAP (A-kinase-anchoring protein)–protein kinase A–PDE4 (phosphodiesterase-4) signalling complex that is central to the generation of dynamic cAMP transients in this region of the cell. The second study uses a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based cAMP probe, based on Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1), to examine interplay between Ca2+ and cAMP signals. This study demonstrates real-time oscillations in cAMP driven by a Ca2+-stimulated AC (adenylate cyclase) (AC8) and subsequent PDE4 activity. These studies, using two very different single-cell cAMP probes, broaden our understanding of the specific spatiotemporal characteristics of agonist-evoked cAMP signals in a model cell system.

scholarly journals The Cytoskeleton Maintains Organelle Partitioning Required for Single-Cell C4 Photosynthesis in Chenopodiaceae Species

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2207-2223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon D.X. Chuong ◽  
Vincent R. Franceschi ◽  
Gerald E. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis
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