scholarly journals A bibliometric methodology to unveil territorial inequities in the scientific wealth to combat COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Abramo ◽  
Ciriaco Andrea D’Angelo

AbstractIn this paper we develop a methodology to assess the scientific wealth of territories at field level. Our methodology uses a bibliometric approach based on the observation of academic research performance and overall scientific production in each territory. We apply it to assess disparities in the Italian territories in the medical specialties at the front line of the COVID-19 emergency. Italy has been the first among western countries to be severely affected by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study reveals remarkable inequities across territories, with scientific weaknesses concentrated in the south. Policies for rebalancing the north–south divide should also consider, in addition to tangible assets, the gap in production and availability of quality medical knowledge.

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Holligan ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci

British universities are experiencing a climate of fiscal austerity including severe budget cuts coupled with intensifying competition for markets have seen the emergence of audit culture which afflicts the public sector in general. This entails the risk to the integrity of university culture disappearing. This paper seeks to explore the interconnections between developing trends in universities which cause processes likely to undermine the objectivity and independence of research. We question that universities’ alignment with the capitalist business sector and the dominant market economy culture. Despite arguably positive aspects, there is a danger that universities may be dominated by hegemonic sectional interest rather than narratives of openness and democratically oriented critique. We also argue that audit culture embedded in reputation management, quality control and ranking hierarchies may necessarily promote deception while diminishing a collegiate culture of trust and pursuit of truth which is replaced by destructive impersonal accountability procedures. Such transitions inevitably contain insidious implications for the nature of the academy and undermine the values of academic-intellectual life.


2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-285
Author(s):  
Beatriz Lima Vieira ◽  
Letícia Rizzetto Patrocínio ◽  
Douglas Villela de Oliveira Lessa ◽  
Doriedson Ferreira Gomes

ABSTRACT Scientometrics is a field of study that involves measuring and analyzing scientific literature and can be a valuable tool to assess and reveal major gaps in national scientific production. Among the major challenges for Brazilian science is the development of research in the extensive national marine realm. This paper provides a scientometric survey of papers involving foraminiferal research in Brazil. The metrics utilized were papers listed in “Capes Portal” and “Scopus” databases up to the year of 2019. A total of 324 papers were found and 177 were selected based upon criteria established. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to establish a relationship between publications and time. Studies involving foraminifera increased in Brazil from 1952 to 2019. Most studies have been conducted in the southeast region. We identified the need for more research on foraminifera to be carried out in the Brazilian continental margin, especially in the north and northeast regions of the country.


2021 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Kingsley

The nature of the research endeavour is changing rapidly and requires a wide set of skills beyond the research focus. The delivery of aspects of researcher training ‘beyond the bench’ is met by different sections of an institution, including the research office, the media office and the library. In Australia researcher training in open access, research data management and other aspects of open science is primarily offered by librarians. But what training do librarians receive in scholarly communication within their librarianship degrees? For a degree to be offered in librarianship and information science, it must be accredited by the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA), with a curriculum that is based on ALIA’s lists of skills and attributes. However, these lists do not contain any reference to key open research terms and are almost mutually exclusive with core competencies in scholarly communication as identified by the North American Serials Interest Group and an international Joint Task Force. Over the past decade teaching by academics in universities has been professionalised with courses and qualifications. Those responsible for researcher training within universities and the material that is being offered should also meet an agreed accreditation. This paper is arguing that there is a clear need to develop parallel standards around ‘research practice’ training for PhD students and Early Career Researchers, and those delivering this training should be able to demonstrate their skills against these standards. Models to begin developing accreditation standards are starting to emerge, with the recent launch of the Centre for Academic Research Quality and Improvement in the UK. There are multiple organisations, both grassroots and long-established that would be able to contribute to this project.


1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Labuschagne ◽  
M. L. Watkins

Identification of criteria for academic research performance. At South African universities, the achievement of objectives is usually measured in terms of so-called "process criteria" (e.g. pass rates), instead of performance criteria which reflect the quality of academic personnel. Stimulated by the need to identify valid indices of research performance, as a component of academic performance, this study investigated the dimensionality of several criteria, identified from empirical and literature studies. It was found that various valid criteria could be represented by six constructs, viz.: the stature of the researcher as scientist; scientific contributions; enhancement of own profession; community development; participation in research projects; and giving advice to persons or institutions outside the university. Opsomming By Suid-Afrikaanse universiteite word doelwitbereiking gewoonlik aan die hand van sogenaamde "prosesmaat-stawwe" (bv. slaagsyfers) in plaas van prestasiemaatstawwe wat die gehalte van akademiese personeel weerspieel, gemeet. Na aanleiding van 'n behoefte aan die identifisering van geldige rigtingwysers vir navorsingsprestasie as 'n komponent van akademiese prestasie, is daar ondersoek ingestel na die dimensionaliteit van verskillende maatstawwe wat vooraf deur middel van empiriese- en literatuurstudies geidentifiseer is. Daar is gevind dat verskeie geldige maatstawwe deur ses konstrukte verteenwoordig word, te wete: die statuur van die navorser as wetenskaplike, wetenskaplike bydraes, uitbouing van eie professie, gemeenskapsontwikkeling, deelname aan navorsingsprojekte en advieslewering aan persone of instellings buite die Universiteit.


2017 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Margarida M. Pinheiro

Motivated by literature reviews of quality assurance systems, scientific research, academic recognition and academic activity, the aim of this paper is to identify the causes and consequences of research performance in management that occurs in Portuguese universities. This empirical analysis involved data collection from curricular files compulsorily submitted to the national Agency for Assessment and Accreditation of Higher Education. Data refers to the one and only national census for quality accreditation. Logistic regression, cluster analysis and optimal scaling were used. On the one hand, the study seems to confirm what is already known from the literature: those who do scientific research tend to achieve a greater academic promotion, because they reach higher professional categories or higher academic levels, and even more stable tenure-track contracts. On the other hand, the study reveals that the teaching load does not seem to influence academic research. Furthermore, it appears that age, gender, internationalization, professional experience and endogamy do not contribute to scientific research production.


2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-319
Author(s):  
Daniela Tomio ◽  
Daniela Andersen ◽  
Luciane Schulz

A permacultura é um movimento internacional de pessoas, organizadas em comunidades ecológicas, que se engajam em buscar outras formas de produção e consumo mais sustentáveis. No contexto educacional este modelo de (com)viver é fundamento de projetos de escolas que buscam ressignificar seus tempos, espaços e relações sociais a partir práticas sustentáveis. Neste cenário, por meio de uma pesquisa de estado da arte, objetivamos caracterizar compreensões e métodos das pesquisas sobre práticas educativas em permacultura na escola, divulgadas na produção científica brasileira. O conhecimento sistematizado permite apontar lacunas e oportunizar reflexões para novas investigações, contribuindo para repensar o cotidiano escolar, ampliar referências e mobilizar para construção de uma rede de conhecimentos integrados entre a pesquisa acadêmica, a escola e as comunidades na direção de uma cultura permanente de relações sustentáveis. The Permaculture is an international movement of peoples, organized in ecological communities, which are engaged in seeking other forms of more sustainable production and consumption. In the educational context this model of (co)living is the foundation of projects of schools that seek to re-signify their times, spaces and social relations from sustainable practices. In this scenario, through state-of-the-art research, we aim to characterize understandings and methods of research on educational practices in permaculture at school, disseminated in Brazilian scientific production. Systematized knowledge allows us to point out gaps and to provide reflections for new research, contributing to rethinking school daily life, expanding references and mobilizing to build a network of integrated knowledge between academic research, school and communities towards a permanent culture of relationships sustainable development. La permacultura es un movimiento internacional de personas, organizadas en comunidades ecológicas, que se dedican a buscar otras formas de producción y consumo más sostenibles. En el contexto educativo este modelo de (con) vivir es fundamento de proyectos de escuelas que buscan resignificar sus tiempos, espacios y relaciones sociales a partir de prácticas sustentables. En este escenario, por medio de una investigación de estado del arte, pretendemos caracterizar comprensiones y métodos de las investigaciones sobre prácticas educativas en permacultura en la escuela, divulgadas en la producción científica brasileña. El conocimiento sistematizado permite apuntar lagunas y oportunizar reflexiones para nuevas investigaciones, contribuyendo a repensar el cotidiano escolar, a ampliar referencias y movilizar para la construcción de una red de conocimientos integrados entre la investigación académica, la escuela y las comunidades hacia una cultura permanente de relaciones sostenibles.


2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalton Lopes Martins ◽  
Sueli Mara Soares Pinto Ferreira

Resumo O entendimento das causas e as principais razões que influenciam o modo como os pesquisadores se articulam e constroem suas redes de colaboração científica ainda é uma questão em aberto na pesquisa acadêmica. De fundamental importância para o desenvolvimento de novos indicadores e modos de avaliação da produção científica, o conceito de redes sociais permite operar novos planos de análise, contribuindo com seus aspectos estruturais e dinâmicos ao estudo dos mecanismos e gatilhos causais que levam à constituição dessas redes de colaboração científica. A obtenção de atributos individuais dos pesquisadores, de dados de constituição das redes ao longo do tempo e o modo de desambiguação dos nomes que compõem essas redes de colaboração têm se mostrado os principais desafios de estudos das redes. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever como concebemos uma maneira de estudar as redes de colaboração de uma universidade, com foco específico na Universidade de São Paulo, identificando suas principais estratégias de conectividade e mecanismos causais, além de encontrar as relações entre suas redes e diferentes níveis de produtividade científica de seus participantes. Vale frisar que o artigo apenas descreve as questões da pesquisa e o modo de tratá-las, ficando sua execução para os próximos passos deste trabalho de pesquisa. Para tanto, pretende utilizar como base de análise uma Biblioteca de Produção Científica Institucional em desenvolvimento pelo SiBi/USP, que coleta os artigos publicados por membros da universidade em bases de dados de indexação de revistas nacionais e internacionais, tais como Scielo, Web of Science e BioMed, além da utilização da base de dados institucional para obtenção dos atributos individuais dos pesquisadores participantes dessas redes de colaboração.Palavras-chave análise de redes sociais, indicadores, cientometria, modelos causais.Abstract The understanding of the causes that influence how researchers articulate and build their scientific collaboration networks is still an open question in academic research. Of fundamental importance for the development of new indicators and methods of evaluation of scientific literature, the concept of social networking helps operate new levels of analysis, contributing their structural and dynamic aspects to the study of causal mechanisms and triggers that lead to the formation of these networks of scientific collaboration. Obtaining attributes of individual researchers, data on the constitution of networks over time and mode of disambiguation of the names that make up these collaboration networks have been the main challenges in the area of research networks. The purpose of this article is to describe how we designed a way to study a university’s collaboration networks, focusing on the University of São Paulo, and identifying their key strategies, connectivity and causal mechanisms, as well as finding links between their networks and different levels of participants’ productivity. It should be noted that this article only describes the research questions and how to treat them, leaving their implementation to the next steps of this research. The database used for analysis was the Institutional Scientific Production being developed by Sibi/USP, which collects articles published by members of the university indexed in national and international databases such as Scielo, Web of Science and BioMed, as well as an institutional database to obtain the individual attributes of the researchers participating in these networks.Keywords social network analysis, indicators, scientometrics, causal model


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
emine beyza satoğlu

Universities, through providing research, publications and innovations in the scientific field, provide significant contributions to the national research and development (R&D) system. That is why most governments are keen to support scientific research activities directly or indirectly. In this regard, this paper aims to analyze the impact of R&D supports of TÜBİTAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) on the research performance of universities in Turkey. The study comparatively investigates the efficiency of the research fundings in different university types, public and private. As an empirical model, a panel data analysis spanning 2013 to 2018 period has been used for the top 10 public and top 11 private universities. Our findings prove that national research grants of TUBITAK have a significant and positive impact on academic research only when the highest-ranking universities are analyzed; otherwise, the impact is insignificant. Secondly, for the large sample analysis, we found that public universities used research funds more efficiently compared to private universities. Furthermore, our findings prove that teaching load does not necessarily risk the research capacity of a university.


TERRITORIO ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 16-16
Author(s):  
Elena Granata ◽  
Paola Savoldi

The long sleep is over. The North, or at least the most active part of it, is not sleeping any longer. It no longer thinks that the mafia or the ‘ndrangheta are things that don't concern it, or that the most that northern citizens and young people (as, to their praise, schools and local authorities have done since the 1980s) can do is to twin with towns in the south, to support those in the so-called front line regions that are fighting against organised crime. Finally a revolutionary conviction is making headway: the mafia clans are at our own doors. They are seeking places on our local town councils. They are redrawing our towns and rewriting our planning rules. They are attacking an economy which was assumed to be virgin. They are changing civic morality (Antimafia in the North, Nando dalla Chiesa, 2011).


Author(s):  
Katie Brown

This qualitative study identifies design principles and delivery methods best suited for the retail industry with a focus on training front-line workers. This research identifies key design elements to aid retail organizations in choosing an effective online learning solution for their workforce. To provide clear and relevant design recommendations specific to the retail workforce, the scope of the research focused on learner characteristics, e-learning in the workplace, adult learning theory, as well as current design and delivery features available on the market. Through a meta-synthesis of qualitative research, findings indicate a need for soft skill development related to customer interactions. A list of design principles targeting soft skill development of the front-line retail worker is recommended based on both industry and academic research.


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