How Raw and Gypsum Modified Bauxite Residues Affect Seed Germination, Enzyme Activities, and Root Development of Sinapis alba

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Fourrier ◽  
Mathieu Luglia ◽  
Catherine Keller ◽  
Pierre Hennebert ◽  
Julie Foulon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Bauxite Residues

scholarly journals BrEXLB1, a Brassica rapa Expansin-Like B1 Gene Is Associated with Root Development, Drought Stress Response, and Seed Germination

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthusamy Muthusamy ◽  
Joo Yeol Kim ◽  
Eun Kyung Yoon ◽  
Jin A. Kim ◽  
Soo In Lee
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Clubroot Disease ◽  
Qrt Pcr

Expansins are structural proteins prevalent in cell walls, participate in cell growth and stress responses by interacting with internal and external signals perceived by the genetic networks of plants. Herein, we investigated the Brassica rapa expansin-like B1 (BrEXLB1) interaction with phytohormones (IAA, ABA, Ethephon, CK, GA3, SA, and JA), genes (Bra001852, Bra001958, and Bra003006), biotic (Turnip mosaic Virus (TuMV), Pectobacterium carotovorum, clubroot disease), and abiotic stress (salt, oxidative, osmotic, and drought) conditions by either cDNA microarray or qRT-PCR assays. In addition, we also unraveled the potential role of BrEXLB1 in root growth, drought stress response, and seed germination in transgenic Arabidopsis and B. rapa lines. The qRT-PCR results displayed that BrEXLB1 expression was differentially influenced by hormones, and biotic and abiotic stress conditions; upregulated by IAA, ABA, SA, ethylene, drought, salt, osmotic, and oxidative conditions; and downregulated by clubroot disease, P. carotovorum, and TuMV infections. Among the tissues, prominent expression was observed in roots indicating the possible role in root growth. The root phenotyping followed by confocal imaging of root tips in Arabidopsis lines showed that BrEXLB1 overexpression increases the size of the root elongation zone and induce primary root growth. Conversely, it reduced the seed germination rate. Further analyses with transgenic B. rapa lines overexpressing BrEXLB1 sense (OX) and antisense transcripts (OX-AS) confirmed that BrEXLB1 overexpression is positively associated with drought tolerance and photosynthesis during vegetative growth phases of B. rapa plants. Moreover, the altered expression of BrEXLB1 in transgenic lines differentially influenced the expression of predicted BrEXLB1 interacting genes like Bra001852 and Bra003006. Collectively, this study revealed that BrEXLB1 is associated with root development, drought tolerance, photosynthesis, and seed germination.

Light, ash, and pH effects on the germination and seedling growth of Typha latifolia (cattail)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2783-2787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Rivard ◽  
Paul M. Woodard
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Ph Effects ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Plant

Fire is a natural process that opens Typha latifolia L. stands by removing aboveground biomass, but little is known about how ash resulting from marsh burning affects Typha seed germination. We measured the response of T. latifolia seed to simulated pre- and post-fire effects under laboratory conditions and tested seed collected in spring for the effect of ash on seed germination and seedling morphology. Seeds were soaked for 7 days in aqueous solutions of leaf extracts, ash additions, and various pH solutions in light and dark treatments at 25 °C in vitro. In light, seed germination did not vary significantly (P < 0.01, Tukey's honestly significant difference test) among solution treatments. In darkness, seed germination was inhibited mostly by green leaf extract and yielded only 15% germination. Addition of ash to green leaf extract resulted in a germination of 40%. Solutions with pH of 4.0, 7.0, and 12.0 had no signifcant effect on germination or total plant lengths, regardless of the light treatment. Root to total plant lengths were decreased by dark treatments but not by pH. Root development was strongly inhibited by green leaf extract even with ash. Shoot growth continued with no apparent root development only in these two solutions. Three implications for marsh management of T. latifolia are proposed.

scholarly journals Enzymatic activity in braúna seeds subjected to thermal stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1044-1049
Author(s):  
Glauciana da Mata Ataíde ◽  
Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e Borges ◽  
Andressa Vasconcelos Flores
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

ABSTRACT: To occur seed germination distinct hydrolytic enzymes work together, enabling primary root protrusion. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PdH) during germination of Melanoxylon brauna Schott. seeds under thermal stress. To this end, seeds of this species were germinated under constant temperature (10, 25, 30 or 40°C) and samples were collected every 24h during a 96-h period, in which the activity of the enzymes were evaluated. At 25 and 30°C, optimal temperatures for the germination of the species, the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, and G6PdH increased with seed imbibitions. At 10 and 40°C, enzyme activities decreased, impairing the germination process.

scholarly journals Effects of ABT-4 on Seed Germination, Seeding Growth and Root Development of Jute Plant (CORCHORUS OLITORIUS L. JRO 632)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Min Raj Dhakal ◽  
Shiva Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius

Available with full text.Key words: ABT-4; Seed Germination; Root DevelopmentTribhuvan University Journal Vol XXIII, No. 1, 2001 Page: 35-42 Uploaded date: 21 April, 2011  

scholarly journals Evaluación, Física, Química y Biológica de compostas tipo bocashi elaboradas con estiércol de bovino, ovino, cerdo y conejo más una vermicomposta

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Alicia De Luna-Vega ◽  
María Luisa García-Sahagún ◽  
Enrique Pimienta-Barrios ◽  
Eduardo Rodríguez-Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Agronomic Quality ◽  
Organic Compost

Some composts can produce phytotoxins that inhibit the development of plants and the absorption of nutrients by an excess of indoleacetic acid if the compost is not mature. In the present work, the objective is to evaluate the quality of the compost by means of direct tests of phytotoxicity and agronomic quality with different composts. To determine the quality as organic compost and vermicompost fertilizer were considered physical, chemical and biological variables according to existing manuals. The results obtained for these variables were: In the physical, chemical and biological variables, all the parameters are fulfilled according to the norm. Seed germination of vegetables increased with respect to the control in 14.93%, possibly due to the presence of some root development promoter found in the compost. With regard to survival the witness was inferior by 3.08% Although the amount of nutrients found in composts are not so high, they comply with the minimum requirements of the regulations to be used as a substrate in horticultural applications. Conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the compost elaborated with any type of residue can be used as a substrate in seedbeds of chili, onion or other vegetables to induce germination and accelerate the development of plants.

HYBRIDIZATION OF TRITICUM AND AGROPYRON: IV. FURTHER CROSSING RESULTS AND STUDIES ON THE F1 HYBRIDS

1938 ◽  
Vol 16c (10) ◽  
pp. 417-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. V. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Dominance Relations ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
Root Extraction ◽  
Root Size ◽  
Mature Root

Results are given of hybridization work involving 27 Triticum forms and 18 Agropyron species. Only two Agropyron species, A. glaucum and A. elongatum, crossed successfully with Triticum. Several hundred F1 plants have been obtained.Hybrid seeds varied greatly in size; some were deficient in endosperm, others lacked the embryo. Seed germination and seedling nutrition were materially aided by use of 2 to 5% glucose solutions.In general, Agropyron characters tended to be dominant in inheritance, particularly in crosses involving A. elongatum. The dominance relations for important characters are: Agropyron dominance in perenniality, vegetative vigor, and extent of mature root; partial Agropyron dominance in general morphological type, shattering of rachis, adherence of glumes to seeds, and winter hardiness; intermediate inheritance in texture of mature root, size of seed, rigidity of leaf, and leaf pubescence.A method of root extraction is described in which plants are grown in special containers that permit reasonably normal root development and greatly facilitate extraction.F1 plants of crosses involving A. glaucum are completely sterile, while in A. elongatum crosses a fair proportion are moderately fertile. Chromosomal associations and relative proportions of functional and non-functional pollen are discussed in relation to fertility.The more important results from similar work in Russia are outlined and discussed in relation to present results and future prospects of the investigation.

scholarly journals The Effects of Condensed Molasses Soluble on the Growth and Development of Rapeseed through Seed Germination, Hydroponics and Field Trials

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Shuang Li ◽  
Xinghai Zhao ◽  
Xiangsheng Ye ◽  
Limei Zhang ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sod Activity

Condensed molasses soluble (CMS) has been reported to be rich in mineral nutrients and organic matter. However, the potential of CMS as a new organic fertilizer for crops is poorly understood. In this study, we explored the effects of CMS on seed germination, plant growth and field production of Brassica napus through seed germination, hydroponics and field trials. The results demonstrated that a small amount of CMS (0.05 g L−1) on the basis of normal nutrient supply significantly increased plant biomass, root vigor and root development, and improved the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of shoot at the seedling growth stage. Nevertheless, a high concentration of CMS (0.2 g L−1) inhibited plant growth, root development, the activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), and elevated accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the shoot at the same stage. In the field, exogenous application of CMS as well as chemical fertilizers increased seed yield up to 20% compared with chemical fertilization only. Collectively, our results conclude that the appropriate amount of CMS could promote the growth and development of rapeseed at both seedling and mature stages. Hence, CMS may be used as a new potential organic fertilizer for crop production in the future.

scholarly journals Assessment Of Biologically Synthesized Ag Nanoparticles Toxicity Against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Parachlorella kessleri And Sinapis alba

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Kaduková ◽  
Oksana Velgosová ◽  
Anna Mražíková ◽  
Renáta Marcinčáková ◽  
Eva Tkáčová
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Parachlorella Kessleri

Abstract In general, Ag+ ions and AgNPs are considered to be the most toxic for bacterial cells and less toxic for higher organisms. In the present work inhibitory effects of biologically prepared silver nanoparticles on the growth of bacteria E. coli CCM 3954 and Staphylococcus aureus CCM 3953, green microscopic alga Parachlorella kessleri LARG/1 and seed germination and root growth of plant Sinapis alba seeds were investigated. Surprisingly, silver nanoparticles showed much stronger inhibitory effects on plant seed germination and root growth than on the bacterial growth. At concentration of 75 mg/l AgNPs both seed germination and root growth of Sinapis alba was inhibited whereas inhibition of the growth of E. coli and S. aureus was observed at >195 mg/l. Growth inhibition of alga Parachlorella kessleri was recorded at 300 mg/l AgNPs concentration. The inhibitory effect of silver ions was much higher compared to silver nanoparticles. Even 20 mg/l concentration of Ag+ ions inhibited the root growth and concentration > 45 mg/l inhibited germination of Sinapis alba seeds. Inhibition zones in both studied bacteria were found at concentration > 140 mg/l.

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