Comparison of the diversity of root-associated bacteria in Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia L. in artificial wetlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1499-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Hong Li ◽  
Jing Nan Zhu ◽  
Qun Fang Liu ◽  
Yin Liu ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Artificial Wetlands ◽  
Associated Bacteria

Decomposition of Typha angustifolia and Phragmites australis in the littoral zone of a shallow lake

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edit Ágoston-Szabó ◽  
Mária Dinka
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Ets Activity ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Decomposition Processes

AbstractDecomposition of air-dried live Typha angustifolia (L) stems and leaves and Phragmites australis (Cav. Trin ex Steud.) leaves and culms were studied in a shallow freshwater lake (Lake Fehér, Fertő-Hanság National Park, Hungary) using the litter bag technique. Samples were analyzed for dry mass, fiber (cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin) and nutrient (C, N, P, S) contents, litter-associated fungal biomass (ergosterol concentration), potential microbial respiration (electron transport activity: ETS) and cellulolytic bacteria. In terms of mesh size, there were no significant differences in the examined parameters of P. australis leaves and culms and T. angustifolia stems with leaves. P. australis leaves had the highest rate of decomposition and P. australis culms the lowest. Hemicellulose degraded more rapidly than the other fibers, while the lignin had the slowest rate of decomposition.The ETS activity of the examined plant litter types increased from day 91st to 237th while decomposition processes were most active, ergosterol contents were high, and there were few cellulolytic bacteria. The counts of cellulolytic bacteria fluctuated during the decomposition period, they were high at the beginning then they decreased. In each case bacteria were found to be the first colonizers of plant detritus, and were followed by fungal growth.

scholarly journals Accumulation of Cd and Pb in water, sediment and two littoral plants (Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia) of freshwater ecosystem

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudia Borowiak ◽  
Jolanta Kanclerz ◽  
Mirosław Mleczek ◽  
Marta Lisiak ◽  
Kinga Drzewiecka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Cd Translocation

Abstract Cd and Pb concentrations were measured in water, sediment and plant organs collected from selective sites located along the Bogdanka river (Poznań, Poland) in the 2012 growing season. The aim of the investigations was to monitor changes in heavy metal (HM) concentrations in different media over the periods, as well as to evaluate potential of two littoral plants, Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia, for phytoremediation under natural conditions. Investigations revealed differences in HM concentrations in water and sediments. Higher values were observed in sediments than in water. The decrease in concentrations of both HMs in sediments was noted in two of the three selected water reservoirs during growing seasons, which suggests the possibility of their adsorption and accumulation by aquatic plants. Both investigated plant species accumulated ample amount of Cd and Pb in underground and aboveground plant tissues, however T. angustifolia revealed higher Cd translocation potential than P. australis. The latter revealed higher Pb accumulation in two lakes. Moreover, the translocation ratio was usually higher in spring, especially for Pb, in both plant species. Increasing level of pollution load index in sediment along the Bogdanka watercourse indicates accumulation of measured HMs.

scholarly journals NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF THREE HELOPHYTES IN CONSTRUCTED SURFACE FLOW WETLANDS FOR URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ennabili ◽  
M. Radoux
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Sparganium Erectum

Nutrient absorption is a function, among others, aimed at macrophytes for wastewater treatment. In this work, Typha angustifolia, Phragmites australis, and Sparganium erectum were multi-annually compared in secondary and tertiary treatment of urban wastewater under Mediterranean climate. Phragmites shows higher growth in height and density during the vegetative period of 1.83-2.09 cm.d-1 and 29-49 times the planting density, respectively. Aerial biomass records 52.2-54.3, 38.1-41.0, and 19.4 t dw.ha-1 in Phragmites, Typha, and Sparganium in the same order. The underground biomass fluctuates depending on the rooting vigour from 1.45 t dw.ha-1 for Sparganium to 44.49 t dw.ha-1 for Phragmites in tertiary treatment. Nitrogen and phosphorus aerial mineralomasses are more important in Phragmites (787 kg N.ha-1) and Typha (107 kg P.ha-1) in secondary treatment. Phragmites is, by far, the most cumulative of N and P in its underground part. The N and P retention by the vegetated mesocosms apparently has overall relationship with N-NH4+ and P-PO43-. Compared to mesocosm input, Phragmites assimilates one’s maximum of 6.39% N in its aerial tissues and 7.86% P in the underground ones, whereas Typha records maxima of 14.8% N and 33.6% P in its aerial part with respect to corresponding mesocosm removal. ABSTRAK:Penyerapan nutrien adalah satu fungsi, antara lain, bertujuan untuk makrofit merawat sisa air. Kajian ini menggunakanTypha angustifolia, Phragmites australis dan Sparganium erectumbagi membandingkan pelbagai-jenis rawatan sekunder dan tertiar sisa air bandar pada iklim Mediterranean. Phragmites menunjukkan pertumbuhan tertinggi dalam ketinggian dan ketumpatandalam tempoh vegetatif iaitu 1.83-2.09 cm.d-1dan 29-49 kaliketumpatan penanaman, masing-masing. Rekod biojisim udara mencatatkan 52.2-54.3, 38.1-41.0, dan 19.4 t dw.ha-1 dalam Phragmites,Typha, dan Sparganium pada susunan sama. Biojisim bawah tanah berubah-ubah bergantung kepada kekuatanakar dari 1.45 t dw.ha-1 untuk Sparganium hingga 44.49 t dw.ha-1 untuk Phragmites dalam rawatan tertiar. Nitrogen dan Fosforus Mineralomassa udara adalah lebih penting untukPhragmites (787 kg N.ha-1) dan Typha (107 kg P.ha-1) dalam rawatan sekunder. Phragmites, setakat ini, paling kumulatif bagi N dan P pada bahagian bawah tanah. Pembendungan N dan P oleh mesokisme tumbuh-tumbuhan secara nyata berkaitan dengan N-NH4+ dan P-PO43-. Berbanding input mesokisme,Phragmites mengasimilasi maksimum pada N 6.39% tisu udara dan P 7.86% bahagian bawah tanah, manakala Typha mencatatkan maksima N 14.8% dan P 33.6% pada bahagian udara dengan penyingkiran mesokisme sepadan. ABSTRAK: Penyerapan nutrien adalah satu fungsi, antara lain, bertujuan untuk makrofit merawat sisa air. Kajian ini menggunakan Typha angustifolia, Phragmites australis dan Sparganium erectum bagi membandingkan pelbagai-jenis rawatan sekunder dan tertiar sisa air bandar pada iklim Mediterranean. Phragmites menunjukkan pertumbuhan tertinggi dalam ketinggian dan ketumpatan dalam tempoh vegetatif iaitu 1.83-2.09 cm.d-1 dan 29-49 kali ketumpatan penanaman, masing-masing. Rekod biojisim udara mencatatkan 52.2-54.3, 38.1-41.0, dan 19.4 t dw.ha-1 dalam Phragmites, Typha, dan Sparganium pada susunan sama. Biojisim bawah tanah berubah-ubah bergantung kepada kekuatan akar dari 1.45 t dw.ha-1 untuk Sparganium hingga 44.49 t dw.ha-1 untuk Phragmites dalam rawatan tertiar. Nitrogen dan Fosforus Mineralomassa udara adalah lebih penting untuk Phragmites (787 kg N.ha-1) dan Typha (107 kg P.ha-1) dalam rawatan sekunder. Phragmites, setakat ini, paling kumulatif bagi N dan P pada bahagian bawah tanah. Pembendungan N dan P oleh mesokisme tumbuh-tumbuhan secara nyata berkaitan dengan N-NH4+ dan P-PO43-. Berbanding input mesokisme, Phragmites mengasimilasi maksimum pada N 6.39% tisu udara dan P 7.86% bahagian bawah tanah, manakala Typha mencatatkan maksima N 14.8% dan P 33.6% pada bahagian udara dengan penyingkiran mesokisme sepadan.

scholarly journals Influence of Plant Species on Microbial Activity and Denitrifier Population Development in Vegetated Denitrifying Wood-Chip Bioreactors

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Soheil Fatehi-Pouladi ◽  
Bruce C. Anderson ◽  
Brent Wootton ◽  
Sarah J. Wallace ◽  
Sonja Bissegger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
The Media ◽  
Denitrifier Communities ◽  
Significant Factors

The microbial characteristics of four vegetated and one unplanted wood-chip bioreactors treating greenhouse effluent were investigated in a continuous experiment operated for over 2.5 years. The bioreactors were designed to reduce nitrate concentrations via naturally induced microbial denitrification. The vegetation type and reactor depth were both found to be significant factors in defining the mixed microbial activity. However, a consistent correlation between the abundance of the denitrifying communities and reactor depth could not be found across all reactors. The media samples from the unit planted with Typha angustifolia displayed higher microbial activities compared with the other reactors. This plant’s root-associated bacteria also demonstrated the greatest copies of the denitrifying genes nirK and nosZ. The most abundant denitrifier communities and those encoding the nosZ gene were found in the unplanted reactor, followed by the T. angustifolia unit. The T. angustifolia reactor demonstrated greater microbial activity and denitrification capacity at the depth of 20 cm, while the greatest denitrification capacity in the unplanted reactor was found at the depth of 60 cm. These findings indicated the importance of the T. angustifolia rhizosphere to support microbial community establishment and growth in the vicinity of the plant’s roots, although those populations may eventually develop in an unplanted environment.

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