scholarly journals NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF THREE HELOPHYTES IN CONSTRUCTED SURFACE FLOW WETLANDS FOR URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ennabili ◽  
M. Radoux
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Sparganium Erectum

Nutrient absorption is a function, among others, aimed at macrophytes for wastewater treatment. In this work, Typha angustifolia, Phragmites australis, and Sparganium erectum were multi-annually compared in secondary and tertiary treatment of urban wastewater under Mediterranean climate. Phragmites shows higher growth in height and density during the vegetative period of 1.83-2.09 cm.d-1 and 29-49 times the planting density, respectively. Aerial biomass records 52.2-54.3, 38.1-41.0, and 19.4 t dw.ha-1 in Phragmites, Typha, and Sparganium in the same order. The underground biomass fluctuates depending on the rooting vigour from 1.45 t dw.ha-1 for Sparganium to 44.49 t dw.ha-1 for Phragmites in tertiary treatment. Nitrogen and phosphorus aerial mineralomasses are more important in Phragmites (787 kg N.ha-1) and Typha (107 kg P.ha-1) in secondary treatment. Phragmites is, by far, the most cumulative of N and P in its underground part. The N and P retention by the vegetated mesocosms apparently has overall relationship with N-NH4+ and P-PO43-. Compared to mesocosm input, Phragmites assimilates one’s maximum of 6.39% N in its aerial tissues and 7.86% P in the underground ones, whereas Typha records maxima of 14.8% N and 33.6% P in its aerial part with respect to corresponding mesocosm removal. ABSTRAK:Penyerapan nutrien adalah satu fungsi, antara lain, bertujuan untuk makrofit merawat sisa air. Kajian ini menggunakanTypha angustifolia, Phragmites australis dan Sparganium erectumbagi membandingkan pelbagai-jenis rawatan sekunder dan tertiar sisa air bandar pada iklim Mediterranean. Phragmites menunjukkan pertumbuhan tertinggi dalam ketinggian dan ketumpatandalam tempoh vegetatif iaitu 1.83-2.09 cm.d-1dan 29-49 kaliketumpatan penanaman, masing-masing. Rekod biojisim udara mencatatkan 52.2-54.3, 38.1-41.0, dan 19.4 t dw.ha-1 dalam Phragmites,Typha, dan Sparganium pada susunan sama. Biojisim bawah tanah berubah-ubah bergantung kepada kekuatanakar dari 1.45 t dw.ha-1 untuk Sparganium hingga 44.49 t dw.ha-1 untuk Phragmites dalam rawatan tertiar. Nitrogen dan Fosforus Mineralomassa udara adalah lebih penting untukPhragmites (787 kg N.ha-1) dan Typha (107 kg P.ha-1) dalam rawatan sekunder. Phragmites, setakat ini, paling kumulatif bagi N dan P pada bahagian bawah tanah. Pembendungan N dan P oleh mesokisme tumbuh-tumbuhan secara nyata berkaitan dengan N-NH4+ dan P-PO43-. Berbanding input mesokisme,Phragmites mengasimilasi maksimum pada N 6.39% tisu udara dan P 7.86% bahagian bawah tanah, manakala Typha mencatatkan maksima N 14.8% dan P 33.6% pada bahagian udara dengan penyingkiran mesokisme sepadan. ABSTRAK: Penyerapan nutrien adalah satu fungsi, antara lain, bertujuan untuk makrofit merawat sisa air. Kajian ini menggunakan Typha angustifolia, Phragmites australis dan Sparganium erectum bagi membandingkan pelbagai-jenis rawatan sekunder dan tertiar sisa air bandar pada iklim Mediterranean. Phragmites menunjukkan pertumbuhan tertinggi dalam ketinggian dan ketumpatan dalam tempoh vegetatif iaitu 1.83-2.09 cm.d-1 dan 29-49 kali ketumpatan penanaman, masing-masing. Rekod biojisim udara mencatatkan 52.2-54.3, 38.1-41.0, dan 19.4 t dw.ha-1 dalam Phragmites, Typha, dan Sparganium pada susunan sama. Biojisim bawah tanah berubah-ubah bergantung kepada kekuatan akar dari 1.45 t dw.ha-1 untuk Sparganium hingga 44.49 t dw.ha-1 untuk Phragmites dalam rawatan tertiar. Nitrogen dan Fosforus Mineralomassa udara adalah lebih penting untuk Phragmites (787 kg N.ha-1) dan Typha (107 kg P.ha-1) dalam rawatan sekunder. Phragmites, setakat ini, paling kumulatif bagi N dan P pada bahagian bawah tanah. Pembendungan N dan P oleh mesokisme tumbuh-tumbuhan secara nyata berkaitan dengan N-NH4+ dan P-PO43-. Berbanding input mesokisme, Phragmites mengasimilasi maksimum pada N 6.39% tisu udara dan P 7.86% bahagian bawah tanah, manakala Typha mencatatkan maksima N 14.8% dan P 33.6% pada bahagian udara dengan penyingkiran mesokisme sepadan.

scholarly journals Trends, insights and effects of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (91/271/EEC) implementation in the light of the Polish coastal zone eutrophication

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-354
Author(s):  
Michał Preisner ◽  
Marzena Smol ◽  
Dominika Szołdrowska
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment

AbstractThe intensification of the Baltic Sea eutrophication is associated with the increase of anthropogenic nutrients loads, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus introduced into surface waters from a diffuse, point and natural background sources. Despite the observed decreasing trends in nutrient concentrations in some parts of the Baltic Sea, eutrophication-related indicators continue to deteriorate. This accelerates harmful algal blooms and dissolved oxygen deficits resulting in severe ecosystem disturbance. The paper presents trends, insights and effects of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC implementation in Poland based on the nutrient riverine loads from Polish territory with particular attention given to the development of municipal wastewater treatment plants under the National Wastewater Treatment Programme 2003–2016. Environmental effects of wastewater infrastructure modernisation are investigated by using available data on the changing nutrient concentrations in the coastal water in 3 basins (Gdansk Basin, Bornholm Basin and Eastern Gotland Basin) belonging to the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone within the Baltic Sea. The results show that the decreasing trend regarding phosphorus loads reduction from municipal effluents was achieved while a stable trend with temporary increases was achieved in terms of nitrogen loads. Moreover, the investigation provides information about the potential bioavailability of discharged effluents before and after the Directive implementation by including total and inorganic forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in the analysis.

scholarly journals Tertiary wastewater treatment using bioreactors-clarifiers

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 01055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Voitov ◽  
Yuri Skolubovich ◽  
Victor Kravchenko ◽  
Tamara Khalturina
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Technical Device ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Biochemical Oxidation

The use of technical oxygen instead of air in biological treatment plants can increase their oxidizing ability. Bioreactor-clarifier is a new technical device for tertiary wastewater treatment with the use of oxygen. The design, operation principle and research results of the bioreactor-clarifier for tertiary treatment of urban wastewater are given The use of bioreactors-clarifiers for tertiary treatment of urban wastewater using dissolved technical oxygen allows intensifying the process of biochemical oxidation of organic substances in a contact weighed load and increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment by BOD and other components.

scholarly journals Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Thickening Effluent of an Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant by an Isolated Green Microalga

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1802
Author(s):  
Costanza Baldisserotto ◽  
Sara Demaria ◽  
Ornella Accoto ◽  
Roberta Marchesini ◽  
Marcello Zanella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment

Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms and are considered excellent candidates for a wide range of biotechnological applications, including the removal of nutrients from urban wastewaters, which they can recover and convert into biomass. Microalgae-based systems can be integrated into conventional urban wastewater treatment plants (WW-TP) to improve the water depuration process. However, microalgal strain selection represents a crucial step for effective phytoremediation. In this work, a microalga isolated from the effluent derived from the thickening stage of waste sludge of an urban WW-TP was selected and tested to highlight its potential for nutrient removal. Ammonium and phosphate abatements by microalgae were evaluated using both the effluent and a synthetic medium in a comparative approach. Parallelly, the isolate was characterized in terms of growth capability, morphology, photosynthetic pigment content and photosystem II maximum quantum yield. The isolated microalga showed surprisingly high biomass yield and removal efficiency of both ammonium and phosphate ions from the effluent but not from the synthetic medium. This suggests its clear preference to grow in the effluent, linked to the overall characteristics of this matrix. Moreover, biomass from microalgae cultivated in wastewater was enriched in photosynthetic pigments, polyphosphates, proteins and starch, but not lipids, suggesting its possible use as a biofertilizer.

scholarly journals Experience in using phyto-structures for tertiary treatment of urban wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042056
Author(s):  
Lidia Dolzhenko ◽  
Natalia Yudina
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
First Year ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Quantitative Statistics ◽  
Continental Climate

Abstract This paper considers the experimental biocenosis development for tertiary wastewater treatment with respect to the climate features of South of Russia. The plant species with advantaged biotechnical characteristics that acceptable for steppe environment are described. The growing season productivity of the highest aquatic vegetation for the phyto-structures first year exploitation is determined. The quantitative statistics for indicative microorganism populations is calculated. The data obtained allows to measure the ecological effectiveness of wastewater treating phyto-system and to develop a cheap and recyclable biocenosis for the inhabited localities with temperate continental climate.

scholarly journals Experimental results on constructed wetland pilot system

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. González ◽  
G. Ansola ◽  
E. Luis
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Composition Series ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
European Union Legislation ◽  
Artificial Ecosystems ◽  
Water Pond

Research into a constructed wetland for wastewater treatment using M.H.E.A. (Hierarchical Mosaic of Artificial Ecosystems) pilot system was carried out over a vegetative period in 8 different flow and vegetable composition series. The system consisted of a free water pond as a first step working as primary treatment followed by a zone with Typha sp. and surface flow and finally a woody zone with a subsurface flow and planted with ligneous species (Salix sp., Populus sp., Fraxinus sp. and Alnus sp.). Removal efficiency in the study reflects an optimal result: 80-99% total suspended matter removal, 82-98% organic matter removal, 70-98% nutrients removal and up to 99.9% faecal bacterial disinfecting. Effluent characteristics were in accordance with European Union legislation criteria for wastewater treatment systems.

Upgrading Wastewater Treatment Plants for Biological Nutrient Removal

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rabinowitz ◽  
T. D. Vassos ◽  
R. N. Dawson ◽  
W. K. Oldham
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Removal Technology ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

A brief review of recent developments in biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology is presented. Guidelines are outlined of how current understanding of these two removal mechanisms can be applied in the upgrading of existing wastewater treatment plants for biological nutrient removal. A case history dealing with the upgrading of the conventional activated sludge process located at Penticton, British Columbia, to a biological nutrient removal facility with a design flow of 18,200 m3/day (4.0 IMGD) is presented as a design example. Process components requiring major modification were the headworks, bioreactors and sludge handling facilities.

scholarly journals LED Lighting and High-Density Planting Enhance the Cost-Efficiency of Halimione portulacoides Extraction Units for Integrated Aquaculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4995
Author(s):  
Marco Custódio ◽  
Paulo Cartaxana ◽  
Sebastián Villasante ◽  
Ricardo Calado ◽  
Ana Isabel Lillebø
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
High Density ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Integrated Aquaculture ◽  
Halimione Portulacoides ◽  
White Leds ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Aquaculture Effluents

Halophytes are salt-tolerant plants that can be used to extract dissolved inorganic nutrients from saline aquaculture effluents under a production framework commonly known as Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA). Halimione portulacoides (L.) Aellen (common name: sea purslane) is an edible saltmarsh halophyte traditionally consumed by humans living near coastal wetlands and is considered a promising extractive species for IMTA. To better understand its potential for IMTA applications, the present study investigates how artificial lighting and plant density affect its productivity and capacity to extract nitrogen and phosphorous in hydroponic conditions that mimic aquaculture effluents. Plant growth was unaffected by the type of artificial lighting employed—white fluorescent lights vs. blue-white LEDs—but LED systems were more energy-efficient, with a 17% reduction in light energy costs. Considering planting density, high-density units of 220 plants m−2 produced more biomass per unit of area (54.0–56.6 g m−2 day−1) than did low-density units (110 plants m−2; 34.4–37.1 g m−2 day−1) and extracted more dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus. Overall, H. portulacoides can be easily cultivated hydroponically using nutrient-rich saline effluents, where LEDs can be employed as an alternative to fluorescent lighting and high-density planting can promote higher yields and extraction efficiencies.

scholarly journals Assessment of Microplastics in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant with Tertiary Treatment: Removal Efficiencies and Loading per Day into the Environment

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Javier Bayo ◽  
Sonia Olmos ◽  
Joaquín López-Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Wastewater Samples

This study investigates the removal of microplastics from wastewater in an urban wastewater treatment plant located in Southeast Spain, including an oxidation ditch, rapid sand filtration, and ultraviolet disinfection. A total of 146.73 L of wastewater samples from influent and effluent were processed, following a density separation methodology, visual classification under a stereomicroscope, and FTIR analysis for polymer identification. Microplastics proved to be 72.41% of total microparticles collected, with a global removal rate of 64.26% after the tertiary treatment and within the average retention for European WWTPs. Three different shapes were identified: i.e., microfiber (79.65%), film (11.26%), and fragment (9.09%), without the identification of microbeads despite the proximity to a plastic compounding factory. Fibers were less efficiently removed (56.16%) than particulate microplastics (90.03%), suggesting that tertiary treatments clearly discriminate between forms, and reporting a daily emission of 1.6 × 107 microplastics to the environment. Year variability in microplastic burden was cushioned at the effluent, reporting a stable performance of the sewage plant. Eight different polymer families were identified, LDPE film being the most abundant form, with 10 different colors and sizes mainly between 1–2 mm. Future efforts should be dedicated to source control, plastic waste management, improvement of legislation, and specific microplastic-targeted treatment units, especially for microfiber removal.

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