scholarly journals Inverse association between the anticholinergic burden and hippocampus volume in a population-based cohort across the entire adult age range

GeroScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Kilimann ◽  
Diana Wucherer ◽  
Till Ittermann ◽  
Henry Völzke ◽  
Robin Bülow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Anticholinergic Activity ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Anticholinergic Burden ◽  
Hippocampus Volume

AbstractMany medications of different indications have a relevant anticholinergic activity. The anticholinergic burden of medication has been shown to have significant effects on the cognition and the risk for cognitive impairment and dementia particularly in older patients. So far, most of the studies used data from geriatric patients and the effect of the anticholinergic burden on brain structures is still unexplored. Our study aimed to analyze possible associations of hippocampus and cholinergic basal forebrain volumes as vulnerable brain structures for the development of dementia and the anticholinergic burden in a population-based cohort of non-demented participants spanning the adult age range from 21 to 80 years. We analyzed associations between medication-related anticholinergic burden and structural MRI volumes from participants (n = 3087, 52.2% female) of the population-based “Study of Health in Pomerania” (SHIP). Anticholinergic burden was obtained from the current medication plan using the Anticholinergic Burden Scale (ACB). All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, education, and total intracranial volume. We found statistically significant associations between the ACB and the left and right hippocampus volume but not for the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Complementary voxel-based analysis across all participants revealed FWE-corrected (p =  < 0.05) clusters in the temporo-parietal regions reaching into frontal areas, showing reduced volumes with higher ACB scores. We identified an association between anticholinergic burden of medication on hippocampal volume suggesting a potential inverse effect of such medication. This association highlights the importance of a careful prescription of medication with anticholinergic activity at any adult age.

scholarly journals P2-411: EFFECTS OF ANTICHOLINERGIC BURDEN ON GREY BRAIN MATTER VOLUMES IN A POPULATION-BASED COHORT ACROSS THE ENTIRE ADULT AGE RANGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. P765-P765
Author(s):  
Ingo Kilimann ◽  
Wittfeld Katharina ◽  
Diana Wucherer ◽  
Till Ittermann ◽  
Henry Voelzke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Anticholinergic Burden

scholarly journals IC-P-110: EFFECTS OF ANTICHOLINERGIC BURDEN ON GREY BRAIN MATTER VOLUMES IN A POPULATION-BASED COHORT ACROSS THE ENTIRE ADULT AGE RANGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. P95-P95
Author(s):  
Ingo Kilimann ◽  
Wittfeld Katharina ◽  
Diana Wucherer ◽  
Till Ittermann ◽  
Henry Voelzke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Anticholinergic Burden

P1-412: NO ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HIPPOCAMPUS AND BASAL FOREBRAIN VOLUME AND ANTICHOLINERGIC BURDEN IN A POPULATION-BASED STUDY

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_8) ◽  
pp. P462-P462
Author(s):  
Ingo Kilimann ◽  
Wittfeld Katharina ◽  
Diana Wucherer ◽  
Till Ittermann ◽  
Henry Voelzke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Anticholinergic Burden

scholarly journals Sedentary Behavior, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), and Brain Structure in Midlife: A Brain MRI Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 884-884
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Denise Gaughan ◽  
Chengxuan Qiu ◽  
Osorio Meirelles ◽  
Lenore Launer
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Older Populations

Abstract Long sedentary time (ST) is associated with poor brain health but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Studies suggest exercise increases BDNF levels, and that low BDNF levels are associated with cognitive impairment. Limited population-based studies have examined associations among sedentary behavior (SB), BDNF, and brain structures. Here we explore the mediation and interaction effect of BDNF in the association of SB to brain measures. We included 612 participants from the MRI sub-study of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults who had plasma BDNF and SB data at the Year 25 examination. SB was estimated by self-reported average ST hours/day spent sitting while watching television, using computers, and riding transportation. Outcome measures were total and selected brain volumes in cubic centimeters (cc). ST was categorized into quartiles. We used general linear regression to examine the following associations, adjusting for age, sex, race, and intracranial volume: Interactions between BDNF and ST on MRI; ST and MRI; ST and BDNF; BDNF and MRI; and ST, BDNF, and MRI. People in the upper 25%ile ST (&gt;8.4 hours/day) had a decreased TB volume of 12.2 cc (p=0.01) compared to the lower 25%ile (&lt;4.3 hours/day). Neither ST nor brain measures were associated with BDNF (p&gt;0.05). Instead, BDNF interacted with ST for TB and WM (p &lt; 0.03): The difference of brain volumes between the upper and lower 25%ile decreased with increasing BDNF levels. Accordingly, higher BDNF levels may protect brain function in the middle-aged and potentially older populations with a sedentary lifestyle.

scholarly journals Starchy Vegetables and Metabolic Syndrome in Costa Rica

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Zhongyao Li ◽  
Dongqing Wang ◽  
Edward A. Ruiz-Narváez ◽  
Karen E. Peterson ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional

Only a few studies primarily examined the associations between starchy vegetables (other than potatoes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate the association between starchy vegetables consumption and MetS in a population-based sample of Costa Rican adults. We hypothesized that a higher overall intake of starchy vegetables would not be associated with higher MetS prevalence. In this cross-sectional study, log-binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) of MetS across quintiles of total, unhealthy, healthy starchy vegetables, and individual starchy vegetables (potatoes, purple sweet potatoes, etc.), among 1881 Costa Rican adults. Least square means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from linear regression models were estimated for each MetS component by categories of starchy vegetable variables. Higher intakes of starchy vegetables were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in crude models, but no significant trends were observed after adjusting for confounders. A significant inverse association was observed between total starchy and healthy starchy vegetables consumption and fasting blood glucose. In this population, starchy vegetables might be part of a healthy dietary pattern.

scholarly journals Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment in Kawasaki Disease Decreases the Incidence of Myopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1381
Author(s):  
Hun-Ju Yu ◽  
Meng-Ni Chuang ◽  
Chiao-Lun Chu ◽  
Pei-Lin Wu ◽  
Shu-Chen Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Missing Data Treatment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age Range

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that primarily affects children under the age of 5 years old. The most significant complication is coronary artery lesions, but several ocular manifestations have also been reported. Recently, one study revealed an increasing incidence of myopia among KD patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the difference in myopic incidence between Kawasaki disease (KD) patients treated with aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Materials and methods: We carried out a nationwide retrospective cohort study by analyzing the data of KD patients (ICD-9-CM code 4461) from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) during the period of 1996–2013. Results: A total of 14,102 diagnosed KD were found in Taiwan during the study period. After excluded missing data, treatment strategy and age distribution, a total of 1446 KD patients were enrolled for analysis including 53 of which received aspirin (without IVIG) and 1393 of which were treated with IVIG. Patients who had myopia, astigmatism, glaucoma, cataract, etc. prior to their KD diagnosis were excluded. The age range was 0 to 6 years old. According to the cumulative curves, our results demonstrated that the myopic incidence in the IVIG group was significantly lower than the aspirin group (hazard ratio: 0.59, 95% confidence intervals: 0.36~0.96, p = 0.02). Treatment with IVIG for KD patients may have benefit for myopia control. Conclusion: Compared to aspirin, IVIG may decrease the myopic risk in KD patients. However, it needs further investigation including clinical vision survey of myopia due to the limitations of this population-based study.

Inverse Association Between Health Literacy and Obesity Among Children in Greece: A School-Based, Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812098294
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Kanellopoulou ◽  
Venetia Notara ◽  
George Antonogeorgos ◽  
Maria Chrissini ◽  
Andrea Paola Rojas-Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
High Level

Children’s health literacy is a crucial pillar of health. This study is aimed to examine the association between health literacy and weight status among Greek schoolchildren aged 10 to 12 years old. A population-based, cross-sectional observational study enrolling 1,728 students (795 boys), aged 10 to 12 years old, was conducted during school years 2014–2016. A health literacy index (range 0-100) was created through an item response theory hybrid model, by combining a variety of beliefs and perceptions of children about health. The mean health literacy score was 70.4 (±18.7). The majority of children (63.8%) had a “high” level (i.e., >67/100) of health literacy, 30.5% had a “medium” level (i.e., 34–66/100) of health literacy, while a small proportion of children (5.7%) had a “low” level (i.e., <33/100). Girls exhibited a higher level of health literacy than boys (71.7 ± 18.3 vs. 68.8 ± 19.1, p < .01). Regarding body weight status, 21.7% of children was overweight and 5.0% was obese. Linear regression models showed that the health literacy score was inversely associated with children’s body mass index (regression coefficient [95% CI]: −0.010 [−0.018, −0.001]), after adjusting for dietary habits, physical activity levels, and other potential confounders. Health literacy seems to be a dominant characteristic of children’s weight status; therefore, school planning, as well as public health policy actions should emphasize on the ability of children’s capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information.

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