scholarly journals Diversity of marine benthic algae from Cantabria (Eastern Cantabrian, Spain): a historical overview of research and publications

Biologia ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Cires ◽  
Candela Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Benthic Algae ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Data Recording ◽  
Presence Data ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Spanish Atlantic ◽  
Cantabrian Coast ◽  
North Of Spain ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe macroalgal flora of Cantabria (north of Spain) has attracted the interest of many researchers on past occasions. Currently published information only reflects occasional collections from sporadic field visits to this region of the Spanish Atlantic coast. To overcome this, a historical overview of research and publications, encompassing collections and presence data recording, has been undertaken. This work lists the resultant taxonomic records and provides information about macroalgal flora of Cantabria. A total of 425 species (25 Cyanobacteria, 55 Chlorophyta, 81 Ochrophyta, and 264 Rhodophyta) were identified. The number of specific, infraspecific taxa, and stages is 437: 25 Cyanobacteria, 57 Chlorophyta, 89 Ochrophyta, and 266 Rhodophyta. The floristic character of flora from the Cantabrian coast is compared over time and with nearby regions applying Cheney’s ratio [(Rhodophyta+Chlorophyta)/ Ochrophyta, or (R+C)/O]. The present paper aims to provide an overview of the research that has been conducted in the Cantabrian coast, not only found in international publications but also in local publications as well as unpublished theses.

scholarly journals Ecological Niche Models Reveal Climate Change Effect on Biogeographical Regions: The Iberian Peninsula as a Case Study

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Sousa-Guedes ◽  
Salvador Arenas-Castro ◽  
Neftalí Sillero
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Ecological Niche Models ◽  
North West ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Climate Change Effect ◽  
Biogeographical Regions ◽  
Over Time

How species are distributed on Earth depends largely on climate factors. Whenever these environmental conditions change, species tend to shift their distributions to reach more favourable conditions. Distinct sets of species similarly distributed (i.e., chorotypes) occur in biogeographical regions with homogeneous environmental conditions. Here, we analysed whether biogeographical regions are unstable over time (from the past to the future). We modelled the realised niche of amphibians and reptiles in the Iberian Peninsula in the present, and several past and future climate scenarios. Then, we used Jaccard’s index and the unweighted pair group method (UPGMA) to define the biogeographical regions. Our results suggest that the biogeographical regions of Iberian amphibians and reptiles changed greatly over time, due to the climatic changes between periods. Biogeographical regions composed of species with Atlantic affinities changed particularly, overall gaining suitable areas in past colder periods and losing suitable areas in warmer periods. The areas of refugia for amphibians over time corresponded to the most humid regions (north-west of the peninsula), while the most important areas for reptiles occur in the south and on the Atlantic coast. The identification of biogeographical patterns considering past climate changes is essential to better apply conservation measures.

scholarly journals Fluency: an aim in teaching and a criterion in assessment

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aud Marit Simensen
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
School System ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Cognitive Skill ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Assessment Criterion ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Teaching Objectives ◽  
Over Time

This article investigates the concept ‘fluency’ from different perspectives. When fluency is an aim in teaching, a thorough comprehension of the concept among teachers is a prerequisite for appropriate planning of instruction, including the choice of appropriate classroom activities. When fluency is an assessment criterion, it is even more important that examiners have a shared perception of the concept. The present article starts by presenting common perceptions of the concept and goes on to explore some of the current research. Next, it provides a historical overview of the place of fluency in teaching theory and explains some of the preconditions for the inclusion of this concept among teaching objectives and assessment criteria. It will also, as an illustration, give an outline of the position of the concept over time in the Norwegian school system on the basis of an analysis of the relevant syllabuses. Finally, the article explicates the notion of language use as a complex cognitive skill and explores current method¬ological ideas about teaching towards fluency.

scholarly journals Application of Multiple Geomatic Techniques for Coastline Retreat Analysis: The Case of Gerra Beach (Cantabrian Coast, Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3669
Author(s):  
José Juan de Sanjosé Blasco ◽  
Enrique Serrano-Cañadas ◽  
Manuel Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
Manuel Gómez-Lende ◽  
Paula Redweik
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Winter Storms ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Aggressive Action ◽  
The Face ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Cantabrian Coast ◽  
Diachronic Study

The beaches of the Cantabrian coast (northern Spain) are exposed to strong winter storms that cause the coastline to recede. In this article, the coastal retreat of the Gerra beach (Cantabria) is analyzed through a diachronic study using the following different geomatic techniques: orthophotography of the year 1956; photogrammetric flights from 2001, 2005, 2010, 2014, 2017; Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) survey from August 2012; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) survey from November 2018; and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) through two dates per year (spring and fall) from April 2012 to April 2020. With the 17 observations of TLS, differences in volume of the beach and the sea cliff are determined during the winter (November–April) and summer (May–October) periods, searching their relationship with the storms in this eight-year period (2012–2020). From the results of this investigation it can be concluded that the retreat of the base of the cliff is insignificant, but this is not the case for the top of the cliff and for the existing beaches in the Cantabrian Sea where the retreat is evident. The retreat of the cliff top line in Gerra beach, between 1956 and 2020 has shown values greater than 40 m. The retreat in other beaches of the Cantabrian Sea, in the same period, has been more than 200 m. With our measurements, investigations carried out on the retreat of the cliffs on the Atlantic coast have been reinforced, where the diversity of the cliff lithology and the aggressive action of the sea (storms) have been responsible for the active erosion on the face cliff. In addition, this research applied geomatic techniques that have appeared commercially during the period (1956–2020), such as aerial photogrammetry, TLS, LiDAR, and UAV and analyzed the results to determine the precision that could be obtained with each method for its application to similar geomorphological structures.

Historical Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Keyword(s):  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Japanese Surgeon ◽  
Over Time

Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is part of the spectrum of autoimmune thyroid diseases characterized by the destruction of thyroid cells by various cell- and antibody-mediated immune processes. It was first described by the Japanese surgeon Hakaru Hashimoto (1981-1934). It was not until 1956 when a link between antibodies to thyroid cells present in the serum of patients and HT was made. Over time, our understanding of the immunologic pathways involved in HT has evolved. We now recognize the association of this disease with other autoimmune diseases and thyroid cancer. The increasing use of the needle biopsy and serologic tests for antibodies have led to much more frequent recognition, and there is reason to believe that it may be increasing in frequency. It is now one of the most common thyroid disorders. This chapter gives a historical overview of Hashimoto's disease.

Declarations of War in Interstate War

Wars of Law ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 72-108
Author(s):  
Tanisha M. Fazal
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Legal Liability ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Laws Of War ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Interstate War ◽  
Over Time

This chapter asks: why have states stopped issuing formal declarations of war in interstate war? The chapter begins with an historical overview of the use of declarations of war, then moves to an empirical analysis based on original quantitative data and primary qualitative data. The main hypothesis of the chapter, which is supported by the data, is that states avoid declaring war because they want to avoid the legal liability of complying with the laws of war as those laws have proliferated over time.

scholarly journals Gastromania on italian tv

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Giannitrapani
Keyword(s):  
Historical Overview ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way ◽  
At Home

By turning on the TV, at any time of the day or night, one can comeacross programs in which food is the undisputed protagonist. Actually, thepresence of food on TV is not a contemporary phenomenon, but it goesback to the origins of television. Over time, the way of narrating food hasbeen transformed, as well as the role attributed to it and the values (gastronomicand social) associated to it.In this paper, after having traced a historical overview of Italian foodtelevision programming, we focus on the analysis of four recent programs.The objective is to understand how settings, rhythmic and temporal scansion,and the distribution of roles among the various actors involved configurenarratives with well-structured mechanisms and convey differentways of understanding cooking, the role of the chef, and the relationshipwith the audience at home.

scholarly journals Marine algal flora of Pico Island, Azores

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana I. Neto ◽  
Afonso C. L. Prestes ◽  
Nuno Álvaro ◽  
Roberto Resendes ◽  
Raul M. A. Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Algal Flora ◽  
Data Recording ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Central Group ◽  
Azores Archipelago ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Presence Data ◽  
Marine Algal

The seaweed flora of Pico Island (central group of the Azores archipelago) has attracted interest of researchers on past occasions. Despite this, the macroalgal flora of the island cannot be considered well-known as published information reflects only occasional collections. To overcome this, a thorough investigation encompassing collections and presence data recording was undertaken. Research under the Campaigns “AÇORES/89”, “PICO/91”, “PICOBEL/2007” and “LAUMACAT/2011” covered a relatively large area (approximately 39 km2) around the island, encompassing the littoral and sublittoral levels down to about 40 m around the Island. This paper improves the knowledge of the Azorean macroalgal flora at local and regional scales by listing taxonomic records and providing information on the ecology and occurrence of each species present on the Island’s littoral. A total of 4043 specimens (including taxa identified only to genus level) belonging to 303 taxa of macroalgae are registered, comprising 197 Rhodophyta, 53 Chlorophyta and 53 Ochrophyta (Phaeophyceae). From these, 225 were identified to species level (142 Rhodophyta, 41 Chlorophyta and 42 Ochrophyta), encompassing 110 new records for the island (69 Rhodophyta, 20 Chlorophyta and 21 Ochrophyta), three Macaronesian endemisms (Botryocladia macaronesica Afonso-Carillo, Sobrino, Tittley & Neto; Laurencia viridis Gil-Rodríguez & Haroun; Codium elisabethiae O. C. Schmidt), 14 introduced and 25 species with an uncertain status.

scholarly journals Diets of marine mammals stranded on the northwestern Spanish Atlantic coast with special reference to Cephalopoda

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 179-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. González ◽  
A. López ◽  
A. Guerra ◽  
A. Barreiro
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Spanish Atlantic

Mechanism Schemes in Teaching: A Historical Overview

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ceccarelli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Teaching Approaches ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Over Time

This paper considers the teaching aspect in the evolution of mechanisms and machines drawing with the aim to recognize developments and changes in the teaching approaches of what we now call Theory of Mechanisms. The evolution of mechanism schemes has been reviewed through significant examples drawn from a few authors, who have been selected to point out basic historical developments. It is worth noting that over time mechanism design teaching has been strongly restricted to fundamentals and past methodologies so that generally current schemes for designing have not been and were not included in regular teaching curricula.

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