scholarly journals Distress disclosure and psychological Distress among men: the role of feeling understood and loneliness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian TaeHyuk Keum ◽  
John L. Oliffe ◽  
Simon M. Rice ◽  
David Kealy ◽  
Zac E. Seidler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Asian Men ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Distress Disclosure ◽  
Better Than

AbstractWe examined whether men’s distress disclosure would be indirectly associated with psychological distress through feeling understood by others and loneliness as serial or parallel mediators. We conducted path analyses (N = 1827 adult men; mean 37.53 years, SD = 14.14) to test the mediators while controlling for race/ethnicity. Post-hoc multi-group analysis was conducted to examine differences across White and Asian men. The serial mediation model fit the data better than the parallel mediation model. Controlling for race/ethnicity, a significant partial indirect association was found between greater distress disclosure and lower psychological distress through greater feelings of being understood and lower feelings of loneliness. Post-hoc multi-group analysis suggested that the hypothesized paths fit equivalently across White and Asian men, and the direct effect was not significant for Asian men. Our hypothesized serial model also fit the data significantly better than alternative models with distress and the mediators predicting disclosure. Distress disclosure may be a socially conducive strategy for men to feel understood and socially connected, a process that may be associated with lower psychological distress.

scholarly journals Psychological and Biological Pathways Linking Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics and Body Mass Index

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 827-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana A Chirinos ◽  
Luz M Garcini ◽  
Annina Seiler ◽  
Kyle W Murdock ◽  
Kristen Peek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Background Perceived neighborhood characteristics are linked to obesity, however, the mechanisms linking these two factors remain unknown. Purpose This study aimed to examine associations between perceived neighborhood characteristics and body mass index (BMI), establish whether indirect pathways through psychological distress and inflammation are important, and determine whether these associations vary by race/ethnicity. Methods Participants were 1,112 adults enrolled in the Texas City Stress and Health Study. Perceived neighborhood characteristics were measured using the Perceived Neighborhood Scale. Psychological distress was measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and mental health subscale of the Short Form Health Survey-36. Markers of inflammation included C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-1. Associations were examined with Structural Equation Modeling. Results A model linking neighborhood characteristics with BMI through direct and indirect (i.e., psychological distress and inflammation) paths demonstrated good fit with the data. Less favorable perceived neighborhood characteristics were associated with greater psychological distress (B = −0.87, β = −0.31, p < .001) and inflammation (B = −0.02, β = −0.10, p = .035). Psychological distress and inflammation were also significantly associated with BMI (Bdistress = 0.06, β = 0.08, p = .006; Binflammation = 4.65, β = 0.41, p < .001). Indirect paths from neighborhood characteristics to BMI via psychological distress (B = −0.05, β = −0.03, p = .004) and inflammation (B = −0.08, β = −0.04, p = .045) were significant. In multiple group analysis, a model with parameters constrained equal across race/ethnicity showed adequate fit suggesting associations were comparable across groups. Conclusion Our study extends the literature by demonstrating the importance of neighborhood perceptions as correlates of BMI across race/ethnicity, and highlights the role of psychological and physiological pathways.

MALABSORPTION OF FOOD IN RURAL COMMUNITIES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-53
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Definite Improvement ◽  
Experimental Introduction ◽  
Cash Cost ◽  
Better Than

The survey on malabsorption of food in rural communities of Guatemala indicated that the experimental introduction of drinking water in a community resulted in a definite decline in the incidence of diarrhoea in children from 3 to 7 years of age. Longitudinal evaluation of the capacity of healthy men to absorb d-xylose revealed malabsorption in 30% of individuals living under poor sanitation conditions, as compared with 9% among those living under sanitation conditions which were better than those in rural areas. A definite improvement in d-xylose absorption was observed in the community where drinking water was introduced. Findings of longitudinal studies on intestinal absorption indicated that between 50 and 60 per cent of all the adult men were losing about 350 calories per day, a loss which, expressed in economic terms, is equivalent to 5-7 per cent of the cash cost of the diet.

scholarly journals Adaptability and Social Support: Examining Links With Psychological Wellbeing Among UK Students and Non-students

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Holliman ◽  
Daniel Waldeck ◽  
Bethany Jay ◽  
Summayah Murphy ◽  
Emily Atkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
University Students ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Independent Contribution ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Main Effects

The purpose of this multi-study article was to investigate the roles of adaptability and social support in predicting a variety of psychological outcomes. Data were collected from Year 12 college students (N = 73; Study 1), university students (N = 102; Study 2), and non-studying members of the general public (N = 141; Study 3). Findings showed that, beyond variance attributable to social support, adaptability made a significant independent contribution to psychological wellbeing (life satisfaction, psychological wellbeing, flourishing, and general affect) and psychological distress across all studies. Beyond the effects of adaptability, social support was found to make a significant independent contribution to most wellbeing outcomes (but not psychological distress in university students). In a multi-group analysis comparing predictors of psychological wellbeing in university students and non-studying adults, where the same outcome measures were used (Study 4; N = 243), it was found that adaptability played a stronger role (relative to social support) for university students, whereas social support played a stronger role for non-studying adults. Finally, (contrary to expectations) there was no evidence of an interaction between adaptability and social support predicting psychological outcomes—adaptability and social support operated as independent main effects. These findings demonstrate the importance of adaptability and social support in uniquely predicting psychological wellbeing in different sample groups. It is argued here that these two factors, should be given greater consideration in discussions of psychological wellbeing, and are relevant to psychological wellbeing at different major developmental life stages.

scholarly journals Unmasking Inequality: STEM Course Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Means ◽  
Julie Neisler
Keyword(s):  
General Pattern ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Internet Connectivity ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Class Meetings ◽  
Course Experience ◽  
Stem Students ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Better Than

This report describes the experiences of over 600 undergraduates who were taking STEM courses with in-person class meetings that had to shift to remote instruction in spring 2020 because of COVID-19. Internet connectivity issues were serious enough to interfere with students’ ability to attend or participate in their STEM course at least occasionally for 46% of students, with 15% of students experiencing such problems often or very often. A large majority of survey respondents reported some difficulty with staying motivated to work on their STEM courses after they moved online, with 45% characterizing motivation as a major problem. A majority of STEM students also reported having problems knowing where to get help with the course content after it went online, finding a quiet place to work on the course, and fitting the course in with other family or home responsibilities. Overall, students who reported experiencing a greater number of major challenges with continuing their course after it went online expressed lower levels of satisfaction with their course after COVID-19. An exception to this general pattern, though, was found for students from minoritized race/ethnicity groups, females, and lower-income students. Despite experiencing more challenges than other students did with respect to continuing their STEM courses remotely, these students were more likely to rate the quality of their experiences when their STEM course was online as just as good as, or even better than, when the course was meeting in person.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF DYNAMIC STABILITY DURING WALKING AND RUNNING ON NONMOTORIZED CURVED TREADMILL ACCORDING TO CURVATURE RADIUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (08) ◽  
pp. 1750105
Author(s):  
SAYUP KIM ◽  
JONGRYUN ROH ◽  
JOONHO HYEONG ◽  
YOUNGHO KIM
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Slow Walking ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Post Hoc

It is generally believed that running on a curved surface is more unstable than running on a flat surface. In this study, the dynamic stability of locomotion on a nonmotorized curved treadmill (NMCT) with three curvature radii was compared with that on a motorized flat treadmill. Sixteen healthy adult men maintained four different self-paced speeds: slow walking, fast walking, jogging, and running. Significant differences were statistically verified using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) according to the curvature radii and speeds, and the interaction effects were confirmed. Furthermore, to understand the significant differences between the speed and curvature radius, post hoc analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA. Except for the step width, the other parameters showed differences and correlation effects between the curvature radius and speed. As the curvature radius decreased, the stability decreased at slow speeds (slow walking) but increased at fast speeds (running). However, as the curvature radius increased, the stability increased at slow speeds (slow walking) but decreased at high speeds (running). The study results will help in suggesting the appropriate curvature radius for different user types such as athletes, the elderly, and people who require rehabilitation and will serve as preliminary data for designing the curvature radii of NMCTs.

scholarly journals Which Test of Divergent Thinking Is Best?

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Runco ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdulla ◽  
Sue Hyeon Paek ◽  
Fatima A. Al-Jasim ◽  
Hanadi N. Alsuwaidi
Keyword(s):  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Mixed Model Analysis ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Problem Generation ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
Realistic Problem ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Better Than

AbstractDivergent thinking (DT) tests are probably the most commonly used measures of creative potential. Several extensive batteries are available but most research relies on one or two specific tests rather than a complete battery. This may limit generalizations because tests of DT are not equivalent. They are not always highly inter-correlated. Additionally, some DT tests appear to be better than others at eliciting originality. This is critical because originality is vital for creativity. The primary purpose of the present study was to determine which test of DT elicits the most originality. Seven measures of DTwere administered on a sample of 611 participants in eight Arabic countries. The tests were Figural, Titles, Realistic Presented Problems, Realistic Problem Generation, Instances, Uses, and Similarities. The Quick Test of Convergent Thinking, Runco’s Ideational Behavior Scale, and a demographic questionnaire were also administered. A linear mixed model analysis confirmed that the originality scores in the DT tests differed by test. Post-hoc tests indicated that the Titles and Realistic Problem Generation tests produced the highest mean originality scores, whereas the Realistic Presented Problems test produced the lowest mean originality scores. These differences confirm that research using only one DT test will not provide generalizable results.

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