Beneficial Effect of Aqueous Garlic Extract on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Status in the Kidneys of Type 1 Diabetic Rats

Objectives: In diabetes, cardiovascular complications are associated with endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Empagliflozin (Empa), as a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in clinical development, offers a promising novel approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes by enhancing urinary glucose excretion. The aim of the present study was to test whether treatment with Empa could improve endothelial dysfunction in type I diabetic rats via reduction of glucotoxicity and associated oxidative stress. Research Design and Methods: Type I diabetes in Wistar rats was induced by an intravenous injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). One week after injection Empa was administered via drinking water for 7 weeks. Results: Treatment with Empa (10 and 30 mg/kg/d), showed reduction of blood glucose and a normalization of endothelial dysfunction (aortic rings) in diabetic rats and a reduced oxidative stress in aortic vessels (dihydroethidine staining) and in blood (phorbol ester/zymosan A-stimulated chemiluminescence). Additionally, the pro-inflammatory phenotype and glucotoxicity in diabetic animals was normalized by SGLT2i therapy. Conclusion: In this study we could demonstrate that Empa improves hyperglycemia and prevents the development of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in type 1 diabetic rats. Future studies will investigate the underlying mechanisms of these antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects with special emphasis on low-grade inflammation, glucotoxicity and oxidative stress, all of which contributes to cardiovascular complications.

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Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of oral administration of garlic extract in the livers of type 1 diabetic rats

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0124 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 245-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hamid Behrouj ◽

Nasrin Ziamajidi ◽

Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir ◽

Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽

Massoud Saidijam

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Liver Enzymes ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Garlic Extract ◽

Enzymes Activities ◽

Antioxidant Effects ◽

Liver Tissues

Abstract Background Liver dysfunction is a predominant complication of diabetes. Herbal remedies such as garlic are commonly used for reducing diabetic complications. In this study the effect of garlic extract on glucose level, liver enzymes activities in the serum and nitric oxide (NO) level, oxidative stress status, and histology in the liver tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetes (type 1) was investigated. Methods Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomized and divided into four groups: control rats, diabetic rats, diabetic rats treated with garlic, and garlic-treated normal rats. Glucose level and liver enzymes activities were determined by colorimetric assay in the serum. NO levels by Griess method, oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidative status (TOS), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) by spectrophotometric method, and histopathological examination by hematoxylin and eosin staining method were evaluated in the liver tissues. Results Glucose level, liver enzymes activities, MDA, TOS, and NO levels were increased and TAC level decreased significantly in diabetic rats in comparison with control rats (p<0.01); whereas, after oral administration of garlic, glucose level, liver enzymes activities, MDA, TOS, and NO levels were decreased and TAC level increased significantly near to the normal levels (p<0.05). Conclusion The results showed the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of garlic in the livers of type 1 diabetic rats.

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The Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Palatal Mucoperiosteal Wound Healing and Oxidative Stress Status in Experimental Diabetic Rats

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery ◽

10.1089/pho.2012.3406 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 315-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ela Tules Firat ◽

Ahmet Dağ ◽

Ahmet Günay ◽

Beyza Kaya ◽

Mehmet İrfan Karadede ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Laser Therapy ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Low Level Laser Therapy ◽

Low Level ◽

Low Level Laser ◽

Level Laser ◽

Oxidative Stress Status ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Chrysin Reduces Oxidative Stress but Does Not Affect Polyol Pathway in the Lenses of Type 1 Diabetic Rats

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9020160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 160 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Weronika Wojnar ◽

Maria Zych ◽

Sławomir Borymski ◽

Ilona Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Antioxidative Activity ◽

Polyol Pathway ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Stress Index ◽

Glycation End Products ◽

Oxidative Damage To Proteins ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Prolonged hyperglycemia is one of the main causes of reactive oxygen species and free radicals generation in diabetes which may affect various organs, including the eye. Oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the eye lens could lead to cataract formation. To cope with oxidative stress, the endogenous antioxidative system may be supported by the supplementation of exogenous antioxidants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chrysin, a natural flavonoid, on oxidative stress and polyol pathway-related markers in the lenses of streptozotocin-induced type 1 male diabetic rats. Chrysin at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg was administered by gavage for 28 days. This treatment resulted in a decrease in antioxidative enzymes activity and oxidative stress index. Moreover, chrysin administration elevated the reduced glutathione level in the lenses. A decrease in the markers linked to oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the lenses was noted, especially after treatment with 50 mg/kg of chrysin. Neither of the chrysin doses affected glycemia-related markers in the serum or altered parameters related to the polyol pathway and advanced glycation end-products level in the lenses of diabetic rats. Upon obtaining results, it can be concluded that chrysin reveals antioxidative activity in the lenses but shows no antihyperglycemic or antiglycation properties.

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Role of nitric oxide and oxidative stress in pathophysiology of liver injury in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi ◽

10.1501/vetfak_0000002825 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 39-50

Author(s):

DINÇEL Güngör Çağdas; YILDIRIM

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Effect of moderate exercise on renal changes and oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.21472/bjbs.061302 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (13) ◽

pp. 331-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mayane Oliveira Rebouças da Silveira ◽

Liliany Souza de Brito Amaral ◽

Samira Itana de Souza ◽

Halanna Rocha Ferraz ◽

Jéssica Alves Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Renal Function ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

And Oxidative Stress

This study evaluated the aerobic exercise effects of moderate and progressive intensity on renal function and structure, and oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Eighteen Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: OSC - ovariectomized and sedentary control rats; OSD - ovariectomized and sedentary diabetic rats; and OTD - ovariectomized and trained diabetic rats. After induction of diabetes, the OTD group was submitted to eight weeks of exercise. Twenty-four hours after the last training session urine samples were collected. Blood samples and kidneys were collected after euthanasia for renal function analysis, histology, morphometry and oxidative stress. Our results have shown a reduction of the weight gain, increase of kidney weight and postprandial glycemia in diabetic rats. However, exercise decreased glycosuria and prevented the proteinuria in OTD group rats. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), juxtamedullary glomerular tuft area, tubulointerstitial lesions (TIL), brush border loss and tubular cell debridement were reduced in OTD rats. In addition, exercise training decreased urinary and plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Our results demonstrate the beneficial effect of progressive aerobic exercise on proteinuria, glycosuria, and renal structure in ovariectomized diabetic rats, which may be mediated in part by reduction of oxidative stress.

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Impacts of garlic extract on testicular oxidative stress and sperm characteristics in type 1 and 2 diabetic rats: An experimental study

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine ◽

10.18502/ijrm.v19i10.9825 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 929-942

Author(s):

Fatemeh Lotf ◽

Nasrin Ziamajidi ◽

Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir ◽

Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽

Sara Soleimani Asl

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Gene Expression ◽

Sperm Quality ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Garlic Extract ◽

Inos Gene ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Total Oxidative Status ◽

Inos Gene Expression

Background: Hyperglycemia damages various tissues such as the testes through oxidative stress and inflammation, which can eventually lead to infertility. Objective: Garlic extract effects on the testicular tissue of diabetic rats were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats (8-wk old, weighing 230-300 gr) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 6/each) including; C: control rats, G: received 0.4 gr of garlic extract/100 gr body weight, D1: Streptozotocin-induced-diabetic rats or type 1, D1+G: D1 rats that were treated with garlic, D2: Streptozotocin + nicotinamide-induced-diabetic rats or type 2, D2+G: D2 rats treated with garlic. At the end of the study, serum testosterone was assayed by ELISA. Also, sperm quality and quantity were evaluated. For determination of oxidative stress status, total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status, lipid peroxidation, and thiol groups were assayed in the testis tissues of the rats by colorimetric methods. Also, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression and the protein level of interleukin-1-1β (IL-1β) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results: In diabetic rats, glucose, total oxidative status and lipid peroxidation, iNOS gene expression, and IL-1β were higher than in non-diabetic rats, whereas testosterone, total antioxidant capacity and thiol groups, and sperm quality were significantly lower compared with control rats. These alterations were normalized by garlic intervention. Conclusion: In diabetic rats, garlic was associated with reduced glucose, oxidative stress, IL-1β, and iNOS gene expression and increased testosterone and sperm quality. So, the results suggest that garlic can reduce the severity of damage in testicular tissues of diabetic rats through its hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Garlic, Oxidative stress, Inflammation, Testis.

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Jabuticaba [Plinia trunciflora (O. Berg) Kausel] Protects Liver of Diabetic Rats Against Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress Through the Modulation of SIRT3 Expression

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.665747 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Caroline Calloni ◽

Luana Soares Martínez ◽

Daniela Franciele Gil ◽

Douglas Machado da Silva ◽

Matheus Parmegiani Jahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Stress Studies ◽

Transport Chain ◽

Mitochondrial Complexes ◽

Type 1 Dm ◽

And Oxidative Stress ◽

Sirt3 Expression ◽

Peel Extract

Complications generated by hyperglycemia present in diabetes mellitus (DM) have been constantly related to oxidative stress and dysfunction in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), which is present in mitochondria, is responsible for regulating several proteins involved in metabolic homeostasis and oxidative stress. Studies have suggested alterations in the expression of SIRT3 in DM. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of phenolic compounds in jabuticaba (Plinia trunciflora), a berry native to Brazil, on the activity of mitochondrial ETC complexes, SIRT3 protein expression, and oxidative stress parameters in liver of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. After type 1 DM induction (streptozotocin 65 mg/kg), diabetic and healthy rats were treated with jabuticaba peel extract (JPE) by gavage (0.5 g/kg of weight) for 30 days. After treatments, those diabetic rats presented impaired activities of complexes I, II, and III of ETC along with an overexpression of SIRT3. In addition, an increase in lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities was observed in the diabetic group. The treatment with JPE was able to recover the activity of the mitochondrial complexes and reduce the expression of SIRT3. Furthermore, JPE treatment reduced oxidative damage to lipids and brought the antioxidants enzyme activities to basal levels in diabetic rats. Together, these results demonstrate that JPE can reduce oxidative stress related to DM by restoring mitochondrial complexes activity and regulating SIRT3 expression. Thus, JPE could become an alternative to reduce the development of complications related to DM.

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