Host plant influences life cycle, reproduction, feeding, and vector competence of Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a vector of tospoviruses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heena Dhall ◽  
Sumit Jangra ◽  
Y. B. Basavaraj ◽  
Amalendu Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Thrips Palmi

Effects of Host Plant and Temperature on Growth and Reproduction of Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1598-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Tsai ◽  
Bisong Yue ◽  
Susan E. Webb ◽  
Joseph E. Funderburk ◽  
Hei Ti Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Thrips Palmi ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Species of Aphis inhabiting European Oenothera: their biology, morphology and systematics (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimantas Rakauskas
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
European Species ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World

AbstractInformation on the Aphis species that feed on evening primroses (Oenothera spp.) has been summarized in the catalogue of the aphid species inhabiting herbaceous plants of the world (Blackman & Eastop, 2006). Recent descriptions of the European species, A. holoenotherae (Rakauskas, 2007), that appeared to be a sibling of the American A. oenotherae, demonstrated the need of reexamining the current state of knowledge of the Aphis species inhabiting evening primroses in Europe. The present study, based on published original data, revealed nine aphid species of the genus Aphis which are capable of living on Oenothera plants in Europe. Only two of them are really dependent on Oenothera species during their life cycle: A. oenotherae Oestlund and A. holoenotherae Rakauskas. They have different life cycles and host plant spectrum, although they are very close in their morphology. Processus terminalis length appeared to be the most reliable morphological character in distinguishing between apterous and alate viviparous females, and males of A. oenotherae and A. holoenotherae at the present time. A. grossulariae is not a typical Oenothera-feeder in Europe, occurring on evening primroses only by chance. Other Aphis species (epilobiaria, fabae, sambuci, praeterita, frangulae, nasturtii), are opportunistic inhabitants of Oenothera plants. Information about host specificity and morphology of the Oenothera-inhabiting European Aphis species is summarized, and a key for the entire range of species found living on European Oenothera is provided.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptomics of Gymnosporangium spp. teliospores reveals a conserved genetic program at this specific stage of the rust fungal life cycle

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Qi Tao ◽  
Bin Cao ◽  
Emmanuelle Morin ◽  
Ying-Mei Liang ◽  
Sébastien Duplessis
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
Comparative Transcriptomics ◽  
Genetic Program ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
General Role ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogens

Abstract Background Gymnosporangium spp. are fungal plant pathogens causing rust disease and most of them are known to infect two different host plants (heteroecious) with four spore stages (demicyclic). In the present study, we sequenced the transcriptome of G. japonicum teliospores on its host plant Juniperus chinensis and we performed comparison to the transcriptomes of G. yamadae and G. asiaticum at the same life stage, that happens in the same host but on different organs. Results Functional annotation for the three Gymnosporangium species showed the expression of a conserved genetic program with the top abundant cellular categories corresponding to energy, translation and signal transduction processes, indicating that this life stage is particularly active. Moreover, the survey of predicted secretomes in the three Gymnosporangium transcriptomes revealed shared and specific genes encoding carbohydrate active enzymes and secreted proteins of unknown function that could represent candidate pathogenesis effectors. A transcript encoding a hemicellulase of the glycoside hydrolase 26 family, previously identified in other rust fungi, was particularly highly expressed suggesting a general role in rust fungi. The comparison between the transcriptomes of the three Gymnosporangium spp. and selected Pucciniales species in different taxonomical families allowed to identify lineage-specific protein families that may relate to the biology of teliospores in rust fungi. Among clustered gene families, 205, 200 and 152 proteins were specifically identified in G. japonicum, G. yamadae and G. asiaticum, respectively, including candidate effectors expressed in teliospores. Conclusions This comprehensive comparative transcriptomics study of three Gymnosporangium spp. identified gene functions and metabolic pathways particularly expressed in teliospores, a stage of the life cycle that is mostly overlooked in rust fungi. Secreted protein encoding transcripts expressed in teliospores may reveal new candidate effectors related to pathogenesis. Although this spore stage is not involved in host plant infection but in the production of basidiospores infecting plants in the Amygdaloideae, we speculate that candidate effectors may be expressed as early as the teliospore stage for preparing further infection by basidiospores.

MAINTAINING A COLONY OF THE STRIPED FLEA BEETLE, PHYLLOTRETA STRIOLATA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), IN THE GREENHOUSE

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Burgess ◽  
J. E. Wiens
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Armoracia Rusticana ◽  
Phyllotreta Striolata ◽  
Small Colony

AbstractA small colony of the striped flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolala (F.), has been maintained in a cage in the greenhouse for more than 21/2 years. Horseradish [Armoracia rusticana (Lam) Gaertn., Mey. & Scherb.] was found to be a suitable host plant, and the caged beetle colony has followed a similar life cycle to natural populations in the field.

Biology of Bucculatrix parthenica Bradley sp. n. (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) and its establishment in Australia as a biological control agent for Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. McClay ◽  
R. E. McFadyen ◽  
J. D. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Leaf Miners

AbstractBucculatrix parthenica Bradley sp. n., a moth native to Mexico, is described. It has been released and established in Queensland, Australia, as a biological control agent for its host plant, Parthenium hysterophorus. The moth oviposits on leaves of its host. First and second instar larvae are leaf miners, and later instars feed externally on the leaves. The life cycle occupies about 25 days under field conditions. B. parthenica was narrowly oligophagous in host-specificity tests. In Mexico the insect is scarce but in Queensland it has become abundant enough to cause extensive defoliation of its host plant at some sites. Its rapid increase in Queensland is attributed to the absence of parasitism.

scholarly journals Biology of Blastopsylla occidentalis (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Aphalaridae), a pest of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) in Yaounde, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Victor Joly Dzokou ◽  
Soufo Laurentine ◽  
Tamesse Joseph Lebel
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Development Life Cycle ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Integrated Pest Control

Eucalyptus spp belong to the family of Myrtaceae and grow all over the world and are adapted to different climates and soils. In Cameroon, these plants are very important for their medicinal and ecological virtues. Eucalyptus globulus has economically and ornamentally values. Blastopsylla occidentalis Taylor (Psylloidea: Aphalaridae) is one of the insects feeding on this plant and its causes severe damages to their host plants. Significant damage occurred in nurseries and in a very young plantations of Eucalyptus spp. The biology of B. occidentalis was studied from July 2010 to June 2011 at Yaounde. The parameters mating process, choice of the egg-laying site by the females, fecundity of the females, longevity of the adults, embryonic and larval development, life cycle and sex ratio were studied. The results showed that males emerged before females, and the mating process lasted about 42 minutes. The longevity of adults was 11 days on average and egg-laying began 8 days after emergence. The average fertility was 38 eggs per female. The eggs were laid on the buds, bracts, young leaves and twigs of its host plant. The life cycle, from egg to egg, required 32 days on average. The sex ratio was close to 1.03. This species fed and developed on Eucalyptus spp. has never been observed on other plants species in the study area, suggesting a specificity of this psyllid to its host plant. These results can be considered as an important step for the establishment of integrated pest control against Eucalyptus psyllid pest species in Cameroon.

Immature stages and natural history of the butterfly Actinote brylla Oberthür (Heliconiinae: Acraeini)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-43
Author(s):  
RONALDO BASTOS FRANCINI ◽  
EDNALDO FERREIRA SILVA-FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Yellowish Green ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
History Of

The butterfly Actinote brylla was described by Oberthür in 1917; since then, no work describing the life cycle of the species has been officially published. This paper aimed to describe the life cycle of A. brylla. The early stages, larval host plant and oviposition behavior were described after the creation of individuals collected in the region of “Baixada Santista”, the coast of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Actinote brylla uses Mikania lundiana as a host plant, with eggs being placed on the abaxial face of the leaf and ranging from 12 to 836 eggs in a cluster. Egg is barrel shaped with 18 to 22 longitudinal grooves and weakly marked horizontal ridges. Soon after laying, eggs are light white-yellowish gradually changing to red during the first 72 hours, ovules non-fecundated remains yellow. The caterpillars go through seven instars until pupation, the larvae are gregarious until the penultimate instar. The pupa is yellowish green in the early hours, after hardening, the coloring is cream with dark brown markings on wing cases and abdomen. The duration of all life cycle (egg to adult) ranged from 93 to 123 days. Key words: Mikania lundiana, superoviposition, egg cluster, Chaetotaxy

New rearing method, life cycle, tunneling behavior and ecological notes on the splendid ghost moth Aenetus djernaesae Simonsen, 2018 from Western Australia (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
PAUL KAY ◽  
PAUL M HUTCHINSON ◽  
JOHN A GREHAN
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Rearing Method ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tunneling Behavior

This study successfully documents, for the first time, the entire life cycle of Aenetus djernaesae Simonsen, 2018 and confirms the efficacy of using supplemental sources of fungi to feed the early instar larvae. Fresh cut pieces of the commercial mushroom Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) and sections of Eucalyptus L’Her. bark were placed around the base of potted host plants –Myoporum insulare R.Br. (Scrophulariaceae) and the potential host plant Dodonea hackettiana W.Fitz. (Sapindaceae). First instar larvae were added to this matrix where they fed on the mushroom and bark. The life cycle comprised egg development of 20 days, fungal feeding of ~36 days, and host plant development (including pupal) of ~300 days. Adult emergence of reared and field collected samples occurred within a 22 day period. Larvae transferring from fungi to host plants transitioned during the night by constructing a web of silk and plant tissues within two hours and proceeding to excavate a tunnel from within. The mature larval tunnel is relatively short, up to 220 mm in length and usually extending below the entrance around which the larvae grazes on callus tissue forming after bark removal. Most adults emerged within an hour of dusk with the pupa protruding from the top of the vestibule. The rearing method described here demonstrates the feasibility of laboratory based studies of larval development in Aenetus Herrrich-Schäffer and other callus-feeding stem boring Hepialidae.  Key words: Hepialidae, Aenetus, life cycle, artificial diet, Myoporum, Dodonea, larval foodplant

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