The effect of heated floor on the outcome coccidiosis in broilers

The hot water circulation system in a building is a system which helps prevent Legionella problems whilst ensuring that tenants have access to hot water quickly. Poorly designed or implemented systems not only increase the risk to people’s health and thermal comfort, but even result in an increase in the energy needed for this system to function properly. Results from previous studies showed that the total hot water circulation system loss can be as high as 25 kWh/m2 heated floor area per year. The purpose of this project is to measure the total energy use per year of the hot water circulation system in about 200 multifamily dwellings of different ages to verify that a system loss of 4 kWh/m2, year is a realistic assumption for both newer and older/retrofitted buildings. The preliminary results from the first 134 measurements showed that the assumption of 4 kWh/m2, year is rarely fulfilled. An average energy use of more than three times this is more common, even in newer buildings. Whilst some of the total energy lost is used to heat the buildings, it is not desirable because it is an uncontrolled energy flow.

Download Full-text

Energy Renovation versus Demolition and Construction of a New Building—A Comparative Analysis of a Swedish Multi-Family Building

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12112218 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 2218 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lina La Fleur ◽

Patrik Rohdin ◽

Bahram Moshfegh

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Life Cycle Cost ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Optimal Energy ◽

Heated Floor ◽

New Construction ◽

Family Building ◽

1960S And 1970S ◽

Internal Volume ◽

The 1960S

This study addresses the life cycle costs (LCC) of energy renovation, and the demolition and construction of a new building. A comparison is made between LCC optimal energy renovations of four different building types with thermal performance, representing Swedish constructions from the 1940s, 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, as well as the demolition of the building and construction of a new building that complies with the Swedish building code. A Swedish multi-family building from the 1960s is used as a reference building. LCC optimal energy renovations are identified with energy saving targets ranging between 10% and 70%, in addition to the lowest possible life cycle cost. The analyses show that an ambitious energy renovation is not cost-optimal in any of the studied buildings, if achieving the lowest LCC is the objective function. The cost of the demolition and construction of a new building is higher compared to energy renovation to the same energy performance. The higher rent in new buildings does not compensate for the higher cost of new construction. A more ambitious renovation is required in buildings that have a shape factor with a high internal volume to heated floor area ratio.

Download Full-text

EVALUATION OF THE THERMAL COMFORT IN CONTACT WITH CERAMIC TILES

Revista de Engenharia Térmica ◽

10.5380/reterm.v5i2.61856 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 92

Author(s):

C. Effting ◽

S. Güths ◽

O. E. Alarcon

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Ceramic Powder ◽

Thermal Effusivity ◽

Interface Temperature ◽

Ceramic Tiles ◽

Heated Floor ◽

Perfect Contact ◽

Floor Surfaces

In places where people are bare feet, the thermal sensation of cold or hot depends on the environmental conditions and material properties including its microstructure and crustiness surface. The uncomforting can be characterized by heated floor surfaces in external environments which are exposed to sun radiation (swimming polls areas) or by cold floor surfaces in internal environments (bed rooms, path rooms). The property named thermal effusivity which defines the interface temperature when two semiinfinite solids are putted in perfect contact. The introduction of the crustiness surface on the ceramic tiles interferes in the contact temperature and also it can be a strategy to obtain ceramic tiles more comfortable. Materials with low conductivities and densities can be obtained by porous inclusion are due particularly to the processing conditions usually employed. However, the presence of pores generally involves low mechanical strength. This work has the objective to evaluate the thermal comfort of ceramics floor obtained by incorporation of refractory raw materials (residue of the polishing of the porcelanato) in industrial atomized ceramic powder, through the thermal and mechanical properties. The theoretical and experimental results show that the porosity and crustiness surface increases; there is sensitive improvement in the comfort by contact.

Download Full-text

The Ondol Problem and the Politics of Forest Conservation in Colonial Korea

Journal of Korean Studies ◽

10.1215/21581665-4339053 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 25-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David Fedman

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Forest Conservation ◽

Domestic Life ◽

Colonial Korea ◽

Ground Zero ◽

Heated Floor ◽

Conflicting Interests ◽

A Site ◽

Floor System ◽

Continental Climate

AbstractThis article examines the ondol—the cooking stove–cum–heated floor system conventional to Korean dwellings—as a site of contestation over forest management, fuel consumption, and domestic life in colonial Korea. At once a provider of heat essential to survival in an often frigid peninsula and, in the eyes of colonial officials, ground zero of deforestation, the ondol garnered tremendous interest from an array of reformers determined to improve the Korean home and its hearth. Foresters were but one party to a far-reaching debate (involving architects, doctors, and agronomists) over how best to domesticate heat in the harsh continental climate. By tracing the contours of this debate, this article elucidates the multitude of often-conflicting interests inherent to state-led interventions in household fuel economies: what the author calls the politics of forest conservation in colonial Korea. In focusing on efforts to regulate the quotidian rhythms of energy consumption, it likewise investigates the material underpinnings of everyday life—a topic hitherto overlooked in extant scholarship on forestry and empire alike.

Download Full-text

The use of a heated floor area by sows and piglets in farrowing pens

Applied Animal Behaviour Science ◽

10.1016/j.applanim.2006.03.015 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 103 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lene Juul Pedersen ◽

Jens Malmkvist ◽

Erik Jørgensen

Keyword(s):

Floor Area ◽

Heated Floor

Download Full-text

Conflict behavior in a heated-floor maze: Effects of oxazepam

Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1007/bf00422708 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 317-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

P. Soubri� ◽

L. Schoonhoed ◽

P. Simon ◽

J. R. Boissier

Keyword(s):

Conflict Behavior ◽

Heated Floor

Download Full-text

The use of a heated nestbox system to counter perinatal mortality in the commercial rabbit

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100001628 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 125-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. G. Partridge ◽

J. M. Bruce ◽

S. J. Allan ◽

G. A. M. Sharman

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Strong Influence ◽

Post Partum ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Cold Winter ◽

Heated Floor ◽

Weaning Age ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Reproductive Cycles

ABSTRACTA rabbit nesting box incorporating a low wattage heated floor was developed. In a preliminary study a floor surface temperature in the box of 27°C was found to be adequate to minimize chilling of young pups in the nest. A full scale trial followed using 44 crossbred does, 22 provided with a nestbox containing a heated floor and 22 with a control plywood nesting box. The experiment continued for six successive reproductive cycles over the period April 1981 to February 1982 in an unheated rabbitry. Throughout the year significantly more pups reached weaning age when does were provided with nestboxes containing heated floors. On average, 0·15 of all pups born to does with heated floors had died by 28 days post partum, the comparable figure for unheated floors being 0·56. This reduction in mortality in heated boxes was apparent both on the day of birth and in the subsequent weeks prior to weaning. Ambient temperature and the wetness of the nest had a strong influence on the survival of pups in control boxes with high mortality rates experienced in the cold winter months (0·79 in February 1982). Most of these deaths in the control boxes were attributable to chilling and/or starvation in the nest (0·53 of diagnosed deaths overall). The running costs of the heated nestbox system are discussed.

Download Full-text