Study of monthly variations in primary production and their relationships with environmental factors in the Daya Bay based on a general additive model

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Jianhua Kang ◽  
Hao Huang ◽  
Weiwen Li ◽  
Yili Lin ◽  
Xingqun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Daya Bay ◽  
General Additive Model ◽  
Monthly Variations

scholarly journals Factors affecting the abundance of age-0 Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) in Chesapeake Bay

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 2238-2251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. Houde ◽  
Eric R. Annis ◽  
Lawrence W. Harding ◽  
Michael E. Mallonee ◽  
Michael J. Wilberg
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Atlantic Menhaden ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Brevoortia Tyrannus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract The abundance of prerecruit, age-0 Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), declined to low levels in Chesapeake Bay in the 1990s, after two decades of high abundances in the 1970s–1980s. Environmental factors and trophodynamics were hypothesized to control age-0 menhaden abundance. Data on age-0 menhaden abundance from seine and trawl surveys were analysed with respect to primary productivity, chlorophyll a (Chl a), and environmental variables. Abundance from 1989 to 2004 was strongly correlated with metrics of primary production and euphotic-layer Chl a, especially during spring months when larval menhaden transform into filter-feeding, phytoplanktivorous juveniles. Correlation, principal components, and multiple regression analyses were conducted that identified factors associated with age-0 menhaden abundance. Primary production, Chl a, and variables associated with freshwater flow, e.g. Secchi disk depth and zooplankton assemblages, were correlated with age-0 menhaden abundance. Lengths of age-0 menhaden were positively related to mean levels of annual primary production. However, lengths were negatively related to age-0 menhaden abundance, indicating that growth may be density-dependent. The identified relationships suggest that numbers of menhaden larvae ingressing to Chesapeake Bay and environmental factors that subsequently control primary productivity and food for juveniles within the Bay may control recruitment levels of Atlantic menhaden.

scholarly journals Correction of copy number induced false positives in CRISPR screens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine de Weck ◽  
Javad Golji ◽  
Mike Jones ◽  
Joshua Korn ◽  
Eric Billy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Systematic Effect ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Dense Region ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
General Additive Model ◽  
Genomic Regions

AbstractCell autonomous cancer dependencies are now routinely identified using CRISPR loss-of-function screens. However, a bias exists that makes it difficult to assess the true essentiality of genes located in amplicons, since the entire amplified region can exhibit lethal scores. These false-positive hits can either be discarded from further analysis, which in cancer models can represent a significant number of hits, or methods can be developed to rescue the true-positives within amplified regions. We propose two methods to rescue true positive hits in amplified regions by correcting for this copy number artefact. The Local Drop Out (LDO) method uses the relative lethality scores within genomic regions to assess true essentiality and does not require additional orthogonal data (e.g. copy number value). LDO is meant to be used in screens covering a dense region of the genome (e.g. a whole chromosome or the whole genome). The General Additive Model (GAM) method models the screening data as a function of the known copy number values and removes the systematic effect from the measured lethality. GAM does not require the same density as LDO, but does require prior knowledge of the copy number values. Both methods have been developed with single sample experiments in mind so that the correction can be applied even in smaller screens. Here we demonstrate the efficacy of both methods at removing the copy number effect and rescuing hits from some of the amplified regions. We estimate a 70-80% decrease of false positive hits in regions of high copy number with either method.

scholarly journals The impact of the UK’s first COVID-19 lockdown on rates of violence and aggression on psychiatric inpatient wards

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Payne-Gill ◽  
Corin Whitfield ◽  
Alison Beck
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Time Trend ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
General Additive Model ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Trust

AbstractAimsInpatient life in UK mental health hospitals was profoundly altered during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analysed whether these changes impacted the rate of violent and aggressive incidents across acute adult wards and psychiatric intensive care units in a South London NHS Mental Health Trust during the first UK lockdown.MethodsWe used an interrupted time series analysis to assess whether the rate of violent and aggressive incidents changed during the lockdown period from 23rd March 2020 to 15th June 2020. We used a quasi-poisson general additive model to model the weekly rate of violent incidents as a function of a seasonal trend, time trend, and impact of lockdown, using data from 1st January 2017 to 27th September 2020.ResultsThere was a 35% increase in the rate of incidents of violence and aggression [IR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.15 – 1.58, p < 0.001] between March 23rd 2020 and June 15th 2020. In addition, there was strong evidence of temporal (p < 0.001) and seasonal trends (p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur results suggest that restrictions to life increased the rate of violent incidents on the mental health wards studied here.

scholarly journals A Descriptive Study of HumanSalmonellaSerotype Typhimurium Infections Reported in Ontario from 1990 to 1997

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W Ford ◽  
Agricola Odoi ◽  
Shannon E Majowicz ◽  
Pascal Michel ◽  
Dean Middleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
General Additive Model ◽  
Loess Smoother

BACKGROUND:Salmonellainfections cause gastrointestinal and systemic diseases worldwide and are the leading causes of food-borne illnesses in North America (1-4).Salmonellaserotype typhimurium (ST), in particular, is increasingly becoming a major public health concern because of its ability to acquire multiple resistant genes (5,6).OBJECTIVE: To describe demographic, temporal and geographical distributions, and reported risk factors of nonoutbreak cases of ST reported to a surveillance system in Ontario.METHODOLOGY: Descriptive analyses were performed on data on salmonellosiscases reported in Ontario between 1990 and 1998. Direct age- and sex-standardized rates were computed, and temporal trend analyses were performed using simple linear regression and a general additive model with alocally weighted regression (LOESS) smoother.RESULTS: The mean annual rates of infections with allSalmonellaserotypes and with ST were 27 cases per 100,000 persons and 3.7 cases per 100,000 persons, respectively. Males and children under five years of age had significantly higher rates of both ST and ST definitive type 104 (DT104) infections. There was also evidence of temporal clustering of all strains ofSalmonella,with significantly more cases being reported during the summer. Significantly higher rates of ST DT104 were observed in urban areas compared with rural areas, suggesting potential differences in the geographical distribution of risk factors.CONCLUSIONS: Information on demographic, temporal and geographical distributions, and risk factors is critical in planning disease control strategies. Further prospective analytical observation studies are needed to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of ST and ST DT104 in Ontario, which will better guide disease control decisions.

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