scholarly journals Assessing Knowledge and Perceptions About Cancer Among American Indians of the Zuni Pueblo, NM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safia Safi ◽  
Donica Ghahate ◽  
Jeanette Bobelu ◽  
Andrew L. Sussman ◽  
Joseph Rodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Community Health ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Zuni Pueblo

AbstractAmerican Indians (AIs) in New Mexico have lower cancer screening rates compared to other populations and are more likely to be diagnosed with cancer at an advanced stage of the disease as reported by Li et al. (Archives of Internal Medicine 163(1):49–56, 2003). AIs also have the lowest 5-year cancer survival rates compared to any ethnic/racial group in the USA as reported by Clegg et al. (Arch Intern Med 162:1985–1993, 2002) and Edwards et al. (Cancer 97:1407–1427, 2005). Numerous barriers such as cultural beliefs, fear, fatalism, mistrust, stigma, and lack of culturally appropriate interventions could contribute to low cancer screening rates as reported by Daley et al. (J Health Dispar Res Pract 5(2), 2012); Filippi et al. (J Prim Care Community Health 4(3):160–166, 2013); James et al. (Prev Chronic Dis 10:E170, 2013); and Schumacher et al. (Cancer Causes Control 19(7):725–737, 2008). Trained Community Health Representatives (CHRs) from the Zuni Pueblo and native Zuni undergraduate students led six 1-h focus group sessions using a structured focus group guide with probes. The focus groups were conducted among 51 participants from different age groups (20–29 years, n = 19; 30–49 years, n = 17; and 50 years and older, n = 15) stratified by sex. Focus groups were conducted in both English and Shiwi (Zuni) languages. Sessions were audio recorded, and team members took notes. CHRs transcribed the notes and audio recordings, and created a codebook for qualitative data analysis. In the focus groups, participants provided Zuni-specific cultural context, opinion, and experience regarding (1) general knowledge about cancer, (2) cancer risk, (3) cancer risk reduction, (4) personal experiences with cancer, and (5) culturally competent delivery of cancer information and resources. Understanding the perceptions of cancer within the Zuni Pueblo is an essential component in the development of interventional/preventative measures and improvement of current care. Ultimately, this information will provide a basis for the next steps in culturally sensitive cancer care for the Zuni Pueblo.

The influence of Malay cultural beliefs on breast cancer screening and genetic testing: A focus group study

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2855-2861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarryn Shaw ◽  
Diana Ishak ◽  
Désirée Lie ◽  
Sapna Menon ◽  
Eliza Courtney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Focus Group Study

scholarly journals Cardiac Specialists’ Perspectives on Barriers to Cardiac Rehabilitation Referral and Participation in a Low-Resource Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 117957272093664
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Ghanbari-Firoozabadi ◽  
Masoud Mirzaei ◽  
Khadijeh Nasiriani ◽  
Mozhgan Hemati ◽  
Jamal Entezari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Patient Factors ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Resource Setting ◽  
Low Resource Setting

Background: Cardiac specialists are arguably the most influential providers in ensuring patients access cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Physician barriers to referral have been scantly investigated outside of high-income settings, and not qualitatively. Aim: This study investigated cardiac specialists’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators to patient CR participation in a low-resource setting, with a focus on referral. Methods: In this qualitative study, focus groups were conducted with conventional content analysis. Thirteen of 14 eligible cardiac specialists working in Yazd, Iran, participated in 1 or both focus groups (n = 9 and n = 10, respectively). The recording of the first focus group was transcribed into a word file verbatim, and the accuracy of the content of all field notes and the transcripts was approved by the research team, which was then analyzed inductively. Following a similar process, saturation was achieved with the second focus group. Results: Four themes emerged: “physician factors,” “center factors,” “patient factors,” and “cultural factors.” Regarding “physician factors,” most participants mentioned shortage of time. Regarding “center factors,” most participants mentioned poor physician-patient-center coordination. In “patient factors,” the subcategories that arose were socioeconomic challenges and clinical condition of the patients. “Cultural factors” related to lack of belief in behavioral/preventive medicine. Conclusions: Barriers to CR referral and participation were multilevel, as in high-resource settings. However, relative recency of the introduction of CR in these settings seemed to cause great lack of awareness. Cultural beliefs may differ, and communication from CR programs to referring providers was a particular challenge in this setting.

Information Desired and Acquired by Men With Prostate Cancer: Data From Ethnic Focus Groups

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally L. Maliski ◽  
Sarah Connor ◽  
Arlene Fink ◽  
Mark S. Litwin
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Baseline Knowledge

Informationand understandingare needed so that men with prostate cancer can effectively manage and cope with their disease. Although research has shown that cultural beliefs and practices influence the way people access health-related knowledge, little research has addressed how ethnicity affects the information desired and received among low-income men with prostate cancer. This research sought to (a) describe baseline knowledge at diagnosis, information subsequently received, information sources utilized, and knowledge believed to have been helpful and (b) explore differences in desired information among men of various ethnicities. Six ethnicityspecific focus groups among men diagnosed with prostate cancer were conducted. With content analysis, themes emerging from each focus group were identified and compared. Results highlight disparities in the pros tate cancer information desired and acquired by men of different ethnicities.

scholarly journals Development of a Group-Based Community Health Worker Intervention to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Latinos

2020 ◽  
pp. 154041532092356
Author(s):  
C. L. De La Torre ◽  
J. N. Dumbauld ◽  
J. Haughton ◽  
S. Gupta ◽  
J. Nodora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Community Health Worker ◽  
Community Advisory Board ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Latino Men ◽  
Crc Screening

Introduction: Latinos are at higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality than non-Hispanic Whites due, in part, to disparities in cancer screening. There is a need to evaluate community-based CRC interventions as they may reach underinsured communities and those at highest risk for CRC. This article describes the development of a group-based CRC intervention ( Juntos contra el Cancer). Method: Purposive sampling was used to recruit Latino men and women aged 50 to 75 years not-up-to-date with CRC screening. The development of the intervention was guided by the socioecologic framework, a community needs assessment, literature reviews, five focus groups ( n = 39) from the target community and feedback from a Community Advisory Board. Results: Findings from focus groups suggested that a group-based, promotor or community health worker (CHW) led, cancer prevention education with linkages to care would address barriers to CRC screening. Conclusion: Development of community-based CRC screening interventions should be informed by early and sustained community engagement. Interventions led by CHWs with linkages to care are feasible and can reach populations not connected to health care settings.

scholarly journals Examining Older Adults’ Attitudes and Perceptions of Cancer Screening and Overscreening: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272095923
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Roy ◽  
Jennifer L. Moss ◽  
Sol M. Rodriguez-Colon ◽  
Chan Shen ◽  
Joie D. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
South Central ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions

Introduction/Objectives: Screening guidelines for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer (CRC) are less clear for older adults due to the potential harms that may result from screening. Understanding older adults’ attitudes and perceptions, especially racial/ethnic minority and underserved adults, of cancer screening can help health care providers determine how best to communicate with older adults about cancer screening and screening cessation. The objective of this study was to determine how older adults primarily from minority/underserved backgrounds perceive cancer screening and overscreening. Methods: Four focus groups (n = 39) were conducted with adults (>=65 years of age) in 3 community settings in south-central Pennsylvania. Two focus groups were conducted in Spanish and translated to English upon transcription. Focus group data was managed and analyzed using QSR NVivo 12. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze the data where themes emerged following the coding process. Results: The focus group participants had an average age of 74 years and were primarily female (74%) and Hispanic (69%), with 69% reporting having less than a high school degree. Four key themes were identified from the focus groups: (1) importance of tailored and targeted education/information; (2) impact of physician/patient communication; (3) impact of barriers and facilitators to screening on cancer screening cessation; and (4) awareness of importance of screening. Participants were more likely to be agreeable to screening cessation if they received specific information regarding their health status and previous medical history from their physician as to why screening should be stopped and told by their physician that the screening decision is up to them. Conclusions: Older adults prefer individualized information from their physician in order to justify screening cessation but are against incorporating life expectancy into the discussion. Future research should focus on developing interventions to test the effectiveness of culturally tailored screening cessation messages for older adults.

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Practices Regarding Asthma Care Among Providers and Adult Asthmatics in Imperial County

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-100
Author(s):  
Paula Kriner ◽  
Yolanda Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Adult Asthmatic ◽  
Asthma Hospitalization ◽  
Survey Results

Asthma is a major cause of morbidity in children and adults. Imperial County has reported among the highest asthma hospitalization rates in the state. Factors such as poverty, access to care, poor selfmanagement skills, and ethnocultural beliefs may influence asthma exacerbations. Provider and adult asthmatic attitudes, beliefs, and practices regarding asthma were examined using a mixed-methods approach: a survey to evaluate provider conformance with national guidelines, and focus groups targeting medical practitioners and adult asthmatics. Half of all providers who treat asthmatics completed a self-administered survey about asthma diagnosis; clinical monitoring of patients; treatment; patient education; and practice guidelines. Provider focus groups further explored survey results. Adult asthmatics participated in Spanishlanguage focus groups exploring cultural beliefs, attitudes, and practices. El asma es la mayor causa de morbilidad entre niños y adultos. El Condado de Imperial ha reportado las tazas más altas de hospitalización a causa de asma en el estado. Factores como la pobreza, acceso a cuidado médico, falta de experiencia sobre como manejar la enfermedad, y creencias étnicas y culturales pueden tener una influencia en las exacerbaciones del asma. Las actitudes, creencias, y prácticas de proveedores de atención médica y adultos concerniente al asma fueron examinadas utilizando varios métodos: una encuesta con el fin de evaluar el nivel de conformidad de los proveedores según las pautas establecidas a nivel nacional, y grupos foco con médicos y adultos con asma. La mitad de los proveedores que proveen atención a asmáticos completaron una encuesta acerca del diagnosis de asma; el monitoreo clínico de los pacientes; administración de tratamiento; educación a los pacientes; y pautas establecidas para proveer atención a pacientes con asma. Los grupos foco con los proveedores exploraron aun más los resultados de las encuestas. Los adultos con asma participaron en grupos foco dirigidos en español para explorar más a fondo las creencias culturales, actitudes y prácticas.

59. General medicine residents' perception of the mini-CEXs

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
S. Malhotra ◽  
R. Hatala ◽  
C.-A. Courneya
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Medical Teacher ◽  
The Impact

The mini-CEX is a 30 minute observed clinical encounter. It can be done in the outpatient, inpatient or emergency room setting. It strives to look at several parameters including a clinical history, physical, professionalism and overall clinical competence. Trainees are rated using a 9-point scoring system: 1-3 unsatisfactory, 4-6 satisfactory and 7-9 superior. Eight months after the introduction of the mini-CEX to the core University of British Columbia Internal Medicine Residents, a one hour semi-structured focus group for residents in each of the three years took place. The focus groups were conducted by an independent moderator, audio-recorded and transcribed. Using a phenomenological approach the comments made by the focus groups participants were read independently by three authors, organized into major themes. In doing so, several intriguing common patterns were revealed on how General Medicine Residents perceive their experience in completing a mini-CEX. The themes include Education, Assessment and Preparation for the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons Internal Medicine exam. Resident learners perceived that the mini-CEX process provided insight into their clinical strengths and weaknesses. Focus group participants favored that the mini-CEX experience will benefit them in preparation, and successful completion of their licensing exam. Daelmans HE, Overmeer RM, van der Hem-Stockroos HH, Scherpbier AJ, Stehouwer CD, van der Vleuten CP. In-training assessment: qualitative study of effects on supervision and feedback in an undergraduate clinical rotation. Medical Education 2006; 40(1):51-8. De Lima AA, Henquin R, Thierer J, Paulin J, Lamari S, Belcastro F, Van der Vleuten CPM. A qualitative study of the impact on learning of the mini clinical evaluation exercise in postgraduate training. Medical Teacher January 2005; 27(1):46-52. DiCicco-Bloom B, Crabtree BF. The Qualitative Research Interview. Medical Education 2006; 40:314-32.

Openness and Self-enhancement are predictors of cultural and economic beliefs: an analysis of European countries across 15 years

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Czarnek ◽  
Małgorzata Kossowska
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we investigate the relationship between values and political beliefs and how it varies as a function of cultural context and time. In particular, we analyzed the effects of Conservation vs. Openness to change and Self-transcendence vs. Self-enhancement for cultural and economic political beliefs using data from nationally representative samples of citizens from 34 European countries from eight rounds of the European Social Survey (data spans the 2002–2016 period). We found that the effects of values on political beliefs are moderated by the Western vs. Eastern cultural context and that there is a modest round-to-round variation in the effects of values on beliefs. The relationship between Openness and cultural beliefs was negative and largely consistent across the Western and Eastern countries. Similarly, the effects of Self-enhancement were positive across these Western and Eastern countries. In contrast, the effects of Openness on economic beliefs were positive for the Eastern countries but largely weak and inconsistent for the Western countries. Finally, the effects of Self-enhancement on cultural beliefs are weak for both cultural contexts.

scholarly journals Blending Indigenous Sharing Circle and Western Focus Group Methodologies for the Study of Indigenous Children’s Health: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692110151
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Hunt ◽  
Nancy L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Community Advisory Board ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Sharing Circles

The primary objective of this systematic review was to investigate how Western focus groups and Indigenous sharing circles have been blended for the study of Indigenous children’s health. The secondary objective of this study was to propose recommendations for adapting focus groups to include elements of sharing circles. This systematic review was conducted using a systematic search of original research articles published between 2009 and 2020 that (a) focused on North American Indigenous children’s health and (b) used group-based qualitative methods including focus groups and sharing circles. Each of the articles was screened for relevance and quality. The methods sections were reviewed, subjected to qualitative content analysis, and codes were analyzed to identify common themes and synthesize results. We identified 29 articles, most of which followed a community-based participatory research approach. In these publications, most included a community advisory board, ethics approval was obtained, and in some cases, community members were included as research assistants. There was evidence that sharing circles and focus group methods had been blended in the recent Indigenous children’s health literature. This was particularly apparent in the authors’ approaches to recruitment, location, facilitation techniques, question format and reimbursement. Several groups have published results that describe approaches that successfully incorporated aspects of Indigenous sharing circles into Western focus groups, thus establishing a research method that is culturally safe and appropriate for the study of Indigenous children’s health.

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