Analysis of indole compounds in methanolic extracts from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius (the Chanterelle) and from the mycelium of this species cultured in vitro

Methanolic extracts obtained from biomass of Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) Imbach cultured in vitro were analyzed for qualitative and quantitative composition of non-hallucinogenic indole compounds in order to compare their amount with fruiting bodies of these species. Extracts demonstrated to contain six indole compounds. Contents of individual compounds ranged from 0.01 to 21.33 mg/100 g d.w. in biomass from in vitro cultures. The quantitatively dominating compounds included: 5-hydroxytryptophan (12.50 mg/100 g d.w.), L-tryptophan (14.00 mg/100 g d.w.) and serotonin (7.00 mg/100 g d.w.). Total content of the remaining indole compounds under analysis in the study was 55.32 mg/100 g d.w.

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Methanolic Extracts from Cultivated Mushrooms Affect the Production of Fumonisins B and Fusaric Acid by Fusarium verticillioides

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins12060366 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 366 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel Merel ◽

Jean-Michel Savoie ◽

Gerardo Mata ◽

Dulce Salmones ◽

Carlos Ortega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lentinula Edodes ◽

Culture Media ◽

Fusarium Verticillioides ◽

Fusaric Acid ◽

Fruiting Bodies ◽

In Vitro Production ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Comparative Metabolomics ◽

Vitro Production

The maize pathogen Fusarium verticillioides and their mycotoxins cause damage to plants, animals, and human health. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of crude extracts (CEs) from Agaricus subrufescens, Lentinula edodes, and Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting bodies on in vitro production of biomass and mycotoxins by two strains of F. verticillioides. Stipes and pilei were separated before extraction for A. subrufescens and L. edodes. Comparative metabolomics and dereplication of phenolic compounds were used to analyze all CEs. Mushroom CEs did not significantly inhibit the production of mycelial biomass at concentrations of 2 mg mL−1. CEs from A. subrufescens (stipes and pilei) and L. edodes pilei inhibited the production of fumonisins B1 + B2 + B3 by 54% to 80%, whereas CE from P. ostreatus had no effect. In contrast, CE from L. edodes stipes dramatically increased the concentration of fumonisins in culture media. Fusaric acid concentration was decreased in cultures by all CEs except L. edodes stipes. Differences in phenolic composition of the extracts may explain the different effects of the CE treatments on the production of mycotoxins. The opposing activities of stipes and pilei from L. edodes offer an opportunity to search for active compounds to control the mycotoxin production by F. verticillioides.

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Medicinal potential of mycelium and fruiting bodies of an arboreal mushroom Fomitopsis officinalis in therapy of lifestyle diseases

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76899-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Agata Fijałkowska ◽

Bożena Muszyńska ◽

Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziaja ◽

Katarzyna Kała ◽

Anna Pawlik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Prostate Cancer Cell Line ◽

Lung Cancer Cell Line ◽

Fruiting Bodies ◽

Indole Compounds ◽

Dpph Method

AbstractFomitopsis officinalis is a medicinal mushroom used in traditional European eighteenth and nineteenth century folk medicine. Fruiting bodies of F. officinalis were collected from the natural environment of Świętokrzyskie Province with the consent of the General Director for Environmental Protection in Warsaw. Mycelial cultures were obtained from fragments of F. officinalis fruiting bodies. The taxonomic position of the mushroom mycelium was confirmed using the PCR method. The presence of organic compounds was determined by HPLC–DAD analysis. Bioelements were determined by AF-AAS. The biochemical composition of the tested mushroom material was confirmed with the FTIR method. Antioxidant properties were determined using the DPPH method, and the antiproliferative activity was assessed with the use of the MTT test. The presence of indole compounds (l-tryptophan, 6-methyl-d,l-tryptophan, melatonin, 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan), phenolic compounds (p-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, catechin, phenylalanine), and sterols (ergosterol, ergosterol peroxide) as well as trace elements was confirmed in the mycelium and fruiting bodies of F. officinalis. Importantly, a high level of 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan in in vitro mycelium cultures (517.99 mg/100 g d.w) was recorded for the first time. The tested mushroom extracts also showed antioxidant and antiproliferative effects on the A549 lung cancer cell line, the DU145 prostate cancer cell line, and the A375 melanoma cell line.

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Analysis of indole compounds in fruiting bodies and in mycelia from in vitro cultures of Calocera viscosa (Basidiomycota)

Acta Mycologica ◽

10.5586/am.2012.007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 57-64

Author(s):

Bożena Muszyńska ◽

Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziajda

Keyword(s):

Liquid Medium ◽

Medium Composition ◽

Coniferous Forests ◽

Fruiting Bodies ◽

Widespread Species ◽

Indole Compounds ◽

Fresh Material ◽

Oil Fraction ◽

Optimal Medium

Calocera viscosa (Pers.: Fr.) Fr. (Basidiomycota) from Dacrymycetaceae family is a widespread species of mushroom in Poland. The aim of this study was to investigate the content of indole compounds in fruiting bodies and in mycelium cultured in vitro on solid and liquid medium of this species. Fruiting bodies of Calocera viscosa were collected in coniferous forests in south Poland and were used to derive in vitro cultures. The optimal medium composition for cultures was determined. Fresh material: fruiting bodies and mycelium from culture in vitro was frozen and then dried by lyophilization. The crushed dry biomass was extracted with petroleum ether to remove oil fraction, material was dried and extracted with methanol. Analysis of indole compounds was performed in methanol extracts using chromatographic methods: TLC, UV Vis, EIMS and HPLC. This analysis presented in all three extracts the following indole compounds: L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-methyltryptophan, melatonin and indole (contents fluctuated in the range: 0.37 to 11.88 mg/100 g d.w.). 5-hydroxytryptophan contents in all extracts were significant and amounted to 11.88 mg/100 g d.w. in fruiting bodies, and 11.42 in mycelium from liquid cultures and and 10.59 in mycelium from solid cultures. In addition, the fruiting bodies and mycelium from cultures on liquid medium revealed the presence of serotonin (0.39 and 3.19 mg/100 g d.w. respectively).

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In vitro study of the antioxidant, photoprotective, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-urease effects of methanolic extracts from leaves of six Moroccan Lamiaceae

Journal of Food Measurement & Characterization ◽

10.1007/s11694-020-00759-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Soukaina El Aanachi ◽

Lynda Gali ◽

Said Rammali ◽

Chawki Bensouici ◽

Hinde Aassila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Methanolic Extracts

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Two Ecdysteroids Isolated from Micropropagated Lychnis flos-cuculi and the Biological Activity of Plant Material

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26040904 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 904

Author(s):

Michał P. Maliński ◽

Jaromir Budzianowski ◽

Małgorzata Kikowska ◽

Monika Derda ◽

Marcelina M. Jaworska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Plant Material ◽

Present Report ◽

Root Extract ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Comparable Activity ◽

Antiamoebic Activity ◽

Amoebicidal Activity

Genetically uniform plant material, derived from Lychnis flos-cuculi propagated in vitro, was used for the isolation of 20-hydroxyecdysone and polypodine B and subjected to an evaluation of the antifungal and antiamoebic activity. The activity of 80% aqueous methanolic extracts, their fractions, and isolated ecdysteroids were studied against pathogenic Acanthamoeba castellani. Additionally, a Microtox® acute toxicity assay was performed. It was found that an 80% methanolic fraction of root extract exerts the most potent amoebicidal activity at IC50 of 0.06 mg/mL at the 3rd day of treatment. Both ecdysteroids show comparable activity at IC50 of 0.07 mg/mL. The acute toxicity of 80% fractions at similar concentrations is significantly higher than that of 40% fractions. Crude extracts exhibited moderate antifungal activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) within the range of 1.25–2.5 mg/mL. To the best of our knowledge, the present report is the first to show the biological activity of L. flos-cuculi in terms of the antifungal and antiamoebic activities and acute toxicity. It is also the first isolation of the main ecdysteroids from L. flos-cuculi micropropagated, ecdysteroid-rich plant material.

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Phenolic constituents and inhibitory effects of the leaf of Rauvolfia vomitoria Afzel on free radicals, cholinergic and monoaminergic enzymes in rat’s brain in vitro

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Olubukola H. Oyeniran ◽

Adedayo O. Ademiluyi ◽

Ganiyu Oboh

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Array Detector ◽

Oh Radicals ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Rauvolfia Vomitoria

AbstractObjectivesRauvolfia vomitoria is a medicinal plant used traditionally in Africa in the management of several human diseases including psychosis. However, there is inadequate scientific information on the potency of the phenolic constituents of R. vomitoria leaf in the management of neurodegeneration. Therefore, this study characterized the phenolic constituents and investigated the effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of R. vomitoria leaf on free radicals, Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation, and critical enzymes linked to neurodegeneration in rat’s brain in vitro.MethodsThe polyphenols were evaluated by characterizing phenolic constituents using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The antioxidant properties were assessed through the extracts ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+; inhibit ABTS, DPPH, and OH radicals and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation. The effects of the extracts on AChE and MAO were also evaluated.ResultsThe phenolic characterization of R. vomitoria leaf revealed that there were more flavonoids present. Both aqueous and methanolic extracts of R. vomitoria leaf had inhibitory effects with the methanolic extract having higher significant (p≤0.05) free radicals scavenging ability coupled with inhibition of monoamine oxidases. However, there was no significant (p≤0.05) difference obtained in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and cholinesterases.ConclusionThis study suggests that the rich phenolic constituents of R. vomitoria leaf might contribute to the observed antioxidative and neuroprotective effects. The methanolic extract was more potent than the aqueous extract; therefore, extraction of R. vomitoria leaf with methanol could offer better health-promoting effects in neurodegenerative condition.

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Investigation of potential anti-urolithiatic activity from different types of Musa pseudo-stem extracts in inhibition of calcium oxalate crystallization

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12906-020-03113-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mazni Abu Zarin ◽

Joo Shun Tan ◽

Paramasivam Murugan ◽

Rosma Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Calcium Oxalate ◽

Incubation Time ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Aggregation Assay ◽

Banana Tree ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Different Types ◽

Aggregation Activity

Abstract Background The banana or scientifically referred to as Musa sp., is one of the most popular fruits all over the world. Almost all parts of a banana tree, including the fruits, stem juice, and flowers are commonly used as traditional medicine for treating diarrhoea (unripe), menorrhagia, diabetes, dysentery, and antiulcerogenic, hypoglycemic, antilithic, hypolipidemic conditions, plus antioxidant actions, inflammation, pains and even snakebites. The study carried out was to evaluate in vitro anti-urolithiatic activity from different types of Musa pseudo-stems. Methods Observing anti-urolithiathic activity via in vitro nucleation and aggregation assay using a spectrophotometer followed by microscopic observation. A total of 12 methanolic extracts were tested to determine the potential extracts in anti-urolithiasis activities. Cystone was used as a positive control. Results The results manifested an inhibition of nucleation activity (0.11 ± 2.32% to 55.39 ± 1.01%) and an aggregation activity (4.34 ± 0.68% to 58.78 ± 1.81%) at 360 min of incubation time. The highest inhibition percentage in nucleation assay was obtained by the Musa acuminate x balbiciana Colla cv “Awak Legor” methanolic pseudo-stem extract (2D) which was 55.39 ± 1.01%at 60 min of incubation time compared to the cystone at 30.87 ± 0.74%. On the other hand,the Musa acuminate x balbiciana Colla cv “Awak Legor” methanolic bagasse extract (3D) had the highest inhibition percentage in the aggregation assay incubated at 360 min which was obtained at 58.78 ± 1.8%; 5.53% higher than the cystone (53.25%).The microscopic image showed a great reduction in the calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals formation and the size of crystals in 2D and 3D extracts, respectively, as compared to negative control. Conclusions The results obtained from this study suggest that the extracts are potential sources of alternative medicine for kidney stones disease.

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Physiologically Active Compounds in Four Species of Phellinus

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1701200313 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziaja ◽

Anna Maślanka ◽

Agnieszka Szewczyk ◽

Bożena Muszyńska

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Acids ◽

High Performance ◽

Total Content ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Indole Compounds ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Free Phenolic Acids ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Physiologically Active Compounds

The content of two groups of compounds with biological activity (non-hallucinogenic indole compounds and free phenolic acids) were analyzed in extracts of fruiting bodies of four species of Phellinus: P. igniarius, P. pini, P. pomaceus and P. robustus. The presence of indole compounds in methanolic extracts was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography coupled with densitometric detection. Three metabolites (serotonin, tryptamine, and L-tryptophan) were identified. The contents of individual indole compounds ranged from 1.70 (tryptamine in P. robustus) to 8.32 mg x 100 g1 dry weight (L-tryptophan in P. robustus). Four free phenolic acids were detected in methanolic extracts by the HPLC method. The total content ranged from 9.9 mg x 100 g1 DW (P. igniarius) to 32.5 mg x 100 g1 DW (P. robustus).

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Benzo[f]indole-4,9-dione Derivatives Effectively Inhibit the Growth of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26154414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (15) ◽

pp. 4414

Author(s):

Fabiana Sélos Guerra ◽

Flaviana Rodrigues Fintelman Dias ◽

Anna Claudia Cunha ◽

Patricia Dias Fernandes

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Caspase 9 ◽

Apoptosis Pathway ◽

Indole Compounds ◽

Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway ◽

Ros Accumulation

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with poor clinical outcome, and currently no effective targeted therapies are available. Indole compounds have been shown to have potential antitumor activity against various cancer cells. In the present study, we found that new four benzo[f]indole-4,9-dione derivatives reduce TNBC cell viability by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation stress in vitro. Further analyses showed that LACBio1, LACBio2, LACBio3 and LACBio4 exert cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB 231 cancer cell line by inducing the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, activating caspase 9 and Bax/Bcl-2 pathway in vitro. These results provide evidence that these new four benzo[f]indole-4,9-dione derivatives could be potential therapeutic agents against TNBC by promoting ROS stress-mediated apoptosis through intrinsic-pathway caspase activation.

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