scholarly journals Challenges Associated with Creeping Disasters in Disaster Risk Science and Practice: Considering Disaster Onset Dynamics

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reidar Staupe-Delgado ◽  
Olivier Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Disaster Impacts ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Disaster Science

AbstractIn this article, we set out to reconcile a general conceptualization of disaster temporalities by drawing on the epitome example of a creeping disaster, namely famine. Our argument is driven by the recognition that slowly manifesting disaster impacts pose distinct challenges for decision makers and researchers while there is a tendency for the disaster literature to overlook the role of disaster onset dynamics. More specifically and as a starting point, we identify four key themes that merit particular attention when dealing with creeping disasters: (1) our understanding of disaster as a phenomenon; (2) measurement and operationalization; (3) early warning and response; and (4) disaster management and termination. By integrating conceptual discussions of disaster with famine scholarship—a phenomenon often excluded from mainstream disaster research—this article provides fresh perspectives on disaster science as well as a number of implications for how we think about disaster risk reduction.

scholarly journals The role of traditional leadership in disaster management and disaster risk governance: A case of Ugu District Municipality by-laws

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonhlanhla A. Zamisa ◽  
Sybert Mutereko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Traditional Leaders ◽  
Traditional Leadership

Section 151(2) of the Constitution empowers municipalities in South Africa to pass disaster management-related by-laws. Such by-laws should be specific on the role of traditional leaders, owing to their authority and proximity to the people coupled with their constitutional mandate to preserve customs and traditions. However, their role is often not maximised because of vague and inadequate policies. There has been little or no scholarly attention to the role of traditional leadership and the policy and legal framework that guide their participation in disaster risk management. Employing a comprehensive content analysis of Ugu District Municipality Disaster Management By-law, this article assesses the adequacy of these by-laws on disaster risk governance in the context of collaboration disaster risk reduction. While the Ugu District Municipality Disaster Management By-law provides for the participation of traditional leadership, this study reveals that it is fraught with ambiguities and seemingly vague clauses. For instance, although in Article 5.1.1 the word ‘authorities’ is used, it is not clear whether this refers to traditional leadership or other entities at the local level. In addition, the composition of the Disaster Management Advisory Forum in Ugu does not explicitly include AmaKhosi. While these results add to the rapidly expanding field of disaster risk management, they also suggest several courses of action for policymakers at local government. Such actions might include, but not limited to, a review of the by-laws to address the lack of collaborative essence relative to traditional leaders for optimal disaster risk reduction initiatives targeting traditional communities.

PERAN KELOMPOK RENTAN DALAM PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAN PENGURANGAN RESIKO BENCANA DI DESA TANGGUH BENCANA (STUDI DESKRIPTIF SATUAN TUGAS DESA TANGGUH BENCANA DI DESA GUNUNG GEULIS, KECAMATAN SUKARAJA, KABUPATEN BOGOR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syadza Alifa ◽  
Arif Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Depth Interviews

This research discusses about the role of vulnerable groups who are being Task Force in disaster management and disaster risk reduction efforts in Gunung Geulis Village, Bogor Region. This study examine the process of formation of the Task Force, the role of vulnerable groups into the Task Force, and the supporting factors and inhibiting factors of the vulnerable groups into the Task Force. This study is a descriptive study with qualitative methods. The methods used are observation, in-depth interviews, and the study of literature. The end results show that the involvement of vulnerable groups as Task Force has been suitable with the regulation, the Task Force from vulnerable groups are active in disaster management and disaster risk reduction efforts, and supporting factors are likely more as long as their needs are accommodated and customize the tasks according to their capacity.

scholarly journals Achievements and lesson learned assessment of the 2010 Merapi eruption disaster management: an initial stage to sustainable volcano disaster risk reduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Widodo Pawirodikromo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
The Government ◽  
Resistant Structure

The Mw6.3 of 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake and the VEI4 of 2010 Merapi Volcano eruptions at Yogyakarta Special Province (YSP) have shocked the Yogyakarta community. It is necessary, therefore, to identify and to explore the achievements and the lesson learned mainly during the early warning, evacuation, emergency response and disaster recovery phases of the 2010 Merapi eruption. Research on the 2010 Merapi eruption disaster management (DM) focusing on the emergency response and disaster recovery up to 2014 has been done. Results of the investigation showed that in general Disaster Management has been applied appropriately including material qualities and construction quality of earthquake resistant structure. Among the achievements in the DM respectively are the accuracy of monitoring the direction of mountain summit deformation, successfully prediction and evacuation of people before 2010 Merapi eruption, quick resettlement buildings based on the principles of earthquake resistant structure. Meanwhile among the lesson learned to improve the DM respectively are the early warning should be presented as clear as possible, the government should officially be carried out regular “tell story” to community about the development of the disaster threat, building disaster knowledge and awareness to community for reducing the risk should be regularly carried out and the skills of the builders should be well prepared. Implementation of resilience in schools and villages, sister school and village are efforts toward Sustainable Disaster Risk Reduction.

scholarly journals First to Respond Last To Leave: The Role of Para-Military Agencies in Disaster Management: Evidence from Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Raimi Morufu Olalekan ◽  
Ayinla Lateefat Olajumoke ◽  
Ogah Alima
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Response And Recovery

Shortly after the recent fire’s disaster in Lagos, Kano, Katsina and Oyo market in Nigeria, an account of the activities and initiatives of para-military agencies in disaster management was conducted. A review of these inventories shows some significant changes in both the types of activities being undertaken by para-military agencies. The inventories document a rapid increase in the number of roles played in recovery. In building resilience to all hazards, it is necessary to better understand the roles that different para-military agencies played, not only in recovery, but across all levels of disaster risk reduction. These roles range from leading first aid through to co-producing knowledge underpinning risk management strategies and actions. Every para-military agency has the capacity to weave disaster readiness, response and recovery, and risk reduction into their core organization mandate, and therefore represent a valuable, though often underestimated and poorly understood resource. Hence, it is therefore recommended that there is need to build the collaboration of the various agencies of government and partner international organizations and also build the capacities of the implementation agencies and regulatory bodies, their influence over the lifecycle be increased and public awareness increasing around issues related to disaster risk, while promoting public participation in the processes of development. This view provides much needed guidance to decision makers to take action towards a more resilient future.

scholarly journals Active Role of Women in Disaster Prone Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratnanik Ratnanik ◽  
Yulinda Erma Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Comprehensive Manner ◽  
Role Of Women

<em><span lang="EN-US">Indonesia is a country that has two (2) seasons, namely the rainy season and the dry season. Klaten Regency is close to Mount Merapi, east of the Klaten area close to the Dengkeng River and its tributaries. Disaster management law No. 4 of 2007 article 4 paragraph c states that ensuring the implementation of disaster management in a planned, integrated, coordinated and comprehensive manner and respecting local culture. This study discusses the higher vulnerability of women compared to men, so that it requires handling that requires more active roles of women residents or volunteers. The aim of this research is to see how active women's roles are in disaster disasters and what roles women play in the context of disasters. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the active role of women in disaster-prone areas in Klaten Regency has begun to be trained. Evidenced by joining the Disaster Risk Reduction Organization (OPRB) in Klaten</span></em>

scholarly journals A review of public acceptance of nature-based solutions: The ‘why’, ‘when’, and ‘how’ of success for disaster risk reduction measures

AMBIO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl C. Anderson ◽  
Fabrice G. Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Risk Reduction Measures

AbstractNature-based solutions (NbS) are increasingly recognized as sustainable approaches to address societal challenges. Disaster risk reduction (DRR) has benefited by moving away from purely ‘grey’ infrastructure measures towards NbS. However, this shift also furthers an increasing trend of reliance on public acceptance to plan, implement and manage DRR measures. In this review, we examine how unique NbS characteristics relate to public acceptance through a comparison with grey measures, and we identify influential acceptance factors related to individuals, society, and DRR measures. Based on the review, we introduce the PA-NbS model that highlights the role of risk perception, trust, competing societal interests, and ecosystem services. Efforts to increase acceptance should focus on providing and promoting awareness of benefits combined with effective communication and collaboration. Further research is required to understand interconnections among identified factors and how they can be leveraged for the success and further uptake of NbS.

scholarly journals Towards improved public awareness for climate related disaster risk reduction in South Africa: A Participatory Development Communication perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tigere Chagutah
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Participatory Development ◽  
Development Communication ◽  
Communication Campaigns

Southern Africa has frequently been struck by damaging climate hazards which increasingly continue to threaten sustainable development efforts. Ominously, climate models predict that the incidence of major ‘wet’ events, such as floods and cyclones will increase in frequency against the background of a changing climate. Unfortunately, local mechanisms for communicating and raising public awareness of the consequent risks and appropriate risk reduction options remain weak. At the core of policy responses to the threat posed by climate related hazards, the South African government has adopted a disaster risk reduction approach to disaster management. This article details how, among many other measures to limit the adverse impacts of natural hazards, South Africa’s National Disaster Management Framework calls for the implementation of effective public awareness activities to increase the knowledge among communities of the risks they face and what risk-minimising actions they can take. Emphasis is laid on the importance of information provision and knowledge building among at-risk communities. Citing established theories and strategies, the author proposes a participatory development communication approach through Development Support Communication strategies for the provision of disaster risk reduction public awareness activities by government and other disaster risk reduction role-players in South Africa. By way of a review of completed studies and literature, the article provides guidance on the planning and execution of successful public communication campaigns and also discusses the constraints of communication campaigns as an intervention for comprehensive disaster risk reduction.

scholarly journals The Hyogo Framework for Action and its implications for disaster management and reduction in Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejo Olowu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Hyogo Framework For Action ◽  
Economic Assets ◽  
Policy And Planning

At the World Conference on Disaster Reduction, Hyogo, Japan, in January 2005, the international community adopted a 10-year plan to make the world safer from disasters. The resultant Hyogo Framework for Action is the global blueprint for disaster risk reduction with the goal of substantially reducing disaster losses in human lives and socio-economic assets. What is the signi!cance of the HFA for the adoption of disaster prevention, management and risk reduction frameworks in African States? Since 2005, what has been the attitude of African States to the promise of the HFA? In terms of policy and planning, how should African States engage the HFA towards securing human lives and properties against natural and human-induced disasters? With the myriad challenges of mass poverty and underdevelopment across Africa, what implications does the HFA hold for disaster risk reduction and management in African States? This article attempts to address this plethora of questions, drawing on lessons learned in Africa and beyond. The article examines the background of the HFA and its progress in shaping the global policy agenda towards disaster management and reduction. While the article acknowledges some of the inherent weaknesses in the promise of the HFA, it nonetheless accentuates its inimitable implications for broad legal and policy strategies towards ameliorating the usual horrific aftermath of disasters in Africa.

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