scholarly journals Biological treatment of leachate from stabilization of biodegradable municipal solid waste in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bernat ◽  
M. Zaborowska ◽  
M. Zielińska ◽  
I. Wojnowska-Baryła ◽  
W. Ignalewski
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pollutant removal in sequencing batch biofilm reactors (with floating or submerged carriers) when treating nitrogen- and organic-rich real leachate generated during aerobic stabilization of the biodegradable municipal solid waste. A control reactor contained suspended activated sludge. The share of leachate in synthetic wastewater was 10%, which resulted in ratios of chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand to total Kjeldahl nitrogen in the influent of ca. 11 and ca. 8.5, respectively. Regardless of whether the reactors contained carriers or not, the effectiveness of nitrification (84.2–84.3%) and of the removal of chemical oxygen demand (86.5–87.0%), biochemical oxygen demand (95.5–98.0%) and ammonium (88.9–89.3%) did not differ. However, the presence of carriers and their type determined in which phase of the cycle denitrification occurred. In the control reactor, denitrification took place during mixing phase with the effectiveness of ca. 43.2% (57.7% of the total nitrogen removal). During aeration, the oxygen content increased rapidly, thus reduced the possibility of simultaneous denitrification. In reactors with carriers, in the aeration phase, not only nitrification but also denitrification occurred. The increase in oxygen content in wastewater was slower, which could have caused dissolved oxygen gradients and anoxic zones in deeper layers of the biofilm and flocks. In the reactor with floating carriers, the effectiveness of denitrification and total nitrogen removal increased 1.23- and 1.10-times, respectively, as compared to the control reactor. The highest efficiencies (67.7% and 73.0%, respectively) were observed in the reactor with submerged carriers.

scholarly journals Phytoaccumulation of heavy metals from municipal solid waste leachate using different grasses under hydroponic condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Muhammad Hassan ◽  
Noor Haleem ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Baig ◽  
Yousuf Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Waste Leachate

Abstract Grasses have been used widely to remediate contaminants present in domestic wastewater, but leachate generated from municipal solid waste that usually contain some concentrations of heavy metals has never been reported to be treated with grasses, especially Rhodes grass. A series of experiments was performed to investigate the contaminant uptake from municipal solid waste leachate by Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass) grown in combination with two commonly available grass varieties namely Vetiveria zizanioides (Vetiver grass) and Pennisetum purpureum (Elephant grass). Leachate used for the experiments had high values for chemical oxygen demand (5 g/L), pH (8.5), electrical conductivity (9.0 mS/cm), nitrates (182.1 mg/L), phosphates 6.4 mg/L along with heavy metals i.e. copper, zinc and manganese. Different dilutions of leachate ranging from 0 to 100% were applied in batches and their result showed that collectively all the grasses reduced overall contaminant concentrations. These were reported for chemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, nitrates, and phosphates reduced up to 67, 94, 94, and 73%, respectively. Metals uptake by grasses also showed a significant decrease in applied dose i.e. zinc (97%), copper (89%), and manganese (89%). Plant analysis showed that all grasses showed preference to heavy metals uptake e.g. Rhodes grass favoured up taking zinc, Elephant grass for copper and Vetiver grass preferred manganese. Overall growth performance of Rhodes grass was better in dilute leachate, whereas in more concentrated leachate, Rhodes grass did not perform better and production of biomass decreased. In Vetiver grass, root and shoot lengths decreased with increasing leachate strength, but the biomass did not change significantly.

Treatment of leachate from municipal solid waste of Mostaganem district in Algeria: Decision support for advising a process treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Bourechech ◽  
F Abdelmalek ◽  
MR Ghezzar ◽  
A Addou
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
The One ◽  
Suitable Process

The aim of this work is to propose a plan for the choice of a suitable process for the treatment of a young leachate from municipal solid waste. Classical processes were applied: Fenton process, the coupling coagulation-Fenton process and the adsorption on powdered activated carbon (PAC). The study involves synthesised leachates from three types of wastes collected from sanitary landfill (SL): leachate of putrescible fraction (Lp), paper-cardboard (Lpc), sawdust (Ls) and the one of landfill (Lsl). The optimal operating conditions have been determined for the three processes: Fenton: [H2O2] = 6.8 g L-1 and [Fe2+] = 2.8 g L-1, coagulation: [Fe3+] = 0.3 g L-1 and adsorption: [PAC] = 60 g L-1. The three processes gave reduction rates of chemical oxygen demand ranging from 50% to 85% for Lp, 87% to 97% for Lpc and 61% to 87% for Ls. Whereas for Lsl, it was of 45%, 56% and 80% for the Fenton, coagulation-Fenton and adsorption processes, respectively. A modelling study was conducted to calculate the chemical oxygen demand of leachate produced during 25 years for different thicknesses of waste. This predicted value is used to advise for the process treatment to apply and to assess the environmental impacts in the long term.

Treatment of anaerobically digested dairy manure in a two-stage biofiltration system

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1975-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjing Xia ◽  
Wendong Tao ◽  
Ziyuan Wang ◽  
Yuansheng Pei
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobically Digested Dairy Manure

High concentrations of ammonium and phosphate present a challenge to cost-effective treatment of anaerobically digested dairy manure. This study investigated the efficacy of a two-stage biofiltration system for passive treatment of digested dairy manure. The first stage pebble filters were batch loaded. When the slurry-like digested dairy manure was retained on pebble beds, soluble contaminants were removed before liquid infiltrated over 8–17 days. The pebble filters removed 70% of soluble chemical oxygen demand, 71% of soluble biochemical oxygen demand, 75% of ammonium, and 68% of orthophosphate. Nitrogen removal was attributed to the conventional nitrification – denitrification process and novel nitritation – anammox process. Aerobic ammonium oxidizing and anammox bacteria accounted for 25 and 23% of all bacteria, respectively, in the filtrate of the pebble filters. The longer it took for filtration, the greater the removal efficiency of soluble contaminants. The second stage sand filters had removal efficiencies of 17% for soluble chemical oxygen demand, 45% for soluble biochemical oxygen demand, 43% for ammonium, and 16% for orthophosphate during batch operations at a hydraulic retention time of 7 days. Aerobic ammonium oxidation and anammox were primarily responsible for nitrogen removal in the sand filters. Vegetation made an insignificant difference in treatment performance of the sand filters.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Adjusting the S2O32−/NO3− Ratio to Adapt to Dynamic Influents in Coupled Anammox and Denitrification Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2200
Author(s):  
Yuqian Hou ◽  
Shaoju Cheng ◽  
Mengliang Wang ◽  
Chenyong Zhang ◽  
Bo Liu
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Heterotrophic Denitrification

In this study, anammox, sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification, and heterotrophic denitrification (A/SAD/HD) were coupled in an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor to explore the feasibility of enhancing denitrification performance by adjusting the S2O32−/NO3− (S/N) ratio to accommodate dynamic influents. The results indicated that the optimal influent conditions occurred when the conversion efficiency of ammonium (CEA) was 55%, the S/N ratio was 1.24, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 50 mg/L, which resulted in a total nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 95.0% ± 0.5%. The S/N ratio regulation strategy was feasible when the influent COD concentration was less than 100 mg/L and the CEA was between 57% and 63%. Characterization by 16S rRNA sequencing showed that Candidatus Jettenia might have contributed the most to anammox, while Thiobacillus and Denitratisoma were the dominant taxa related to denitrification. The findings of this study provide insights into the effects of CEA and COD on the performance of the A/SAD/HD system and the feasibility of the S/N ratio regulation strategy.

Overview of Discharges from Pumping Stations and the Consequent Water Pollution Characteristics in Central Shanghai, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Ye ◽  
Dan Jie Lu
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pumping Stations

Discharges from pumping stations to rivers have become an important issue in central Shanghai. Based on the analysis of the contaminant concentrations and the volume of discharged water in central Shanghai over the past five years, this research has identified that the discharges from pumping stations to watercourse were composed of DWDs and WWDs. The total annual discharges were approximately 155 to 202 million cubic meters. The contaminant concentrations in the DWDs were close to those in the local domestic wastewater (DW), while the WWDs usually had higher concentrations of the contaminants than the local DW. In central Shanghai, the total contaminant discharges (2008 to 2012) from pumping stations were 72,900-95,700 t·a-1 for suspended solids (SS), 67,300-88,100 t·a-1 for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 20,200-27,100 t·a-1 for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), 2,000-3,000 t·a-1 for ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), 4,100-5,900 t·a-1 for total nitrogen (TN), and 800-1,300 t·a-1 for total phosphate (TP).

Removal of nitrogen from coal gasification wastewater by nitrosofication and denitrosofication

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxin Liu ◽  
Weiguang Li ◽  
Xiuheng Wang ◽  
Hongyuan Liu ◽  
Baozhen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Test Results ◽  
New Process ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Coal Gasification Wastewater ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Bench Scale Test

In this paper, a study of a new process with nitrosofication and denitrosofication for nitrogen removal from coal gasification wastewater is reported. In the process, fibrous carriers were packed in an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank for the attached growth of the denitrifying bacteria and Nitrobacter respectively, and the suspended growth activated sludge was used in an aerobic tank for the growth of Nitrosomonas. A bench scale test has been carried out on the process, and the test results showed that using the process, 25% of the oxygen demand and 40% of the carbon source demand can be saved, and the efficiency of total nitrogen removal can increase over 10% as compared with a traditional process for biological nitrogen removal.

scholarly journals Digestate Liquid Fraction Treatment with Filters Filled with Recovery Materials

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Ilaria Piccoli ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Carmelo Maucieri ◽  
Maurizio Borin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Community Interactions ◽  
Material Particle ◽  
N Removal

Constructed wetlands (CWs) represent a green technology for digestate liquid fraction (DLF) treatment. However, previous research has warned about their performance when treating wastewater with high suspended solid and organic loads. In addition, the high NH4-N concentration typical of this wastewater can compromise vegetation establishment and activity. In view of this, a digestate pretreatment is needed. This study aimed to test the performance of filters filled with recovery materials, such as brick and refractory material, for DLF pretreatment. The effect on DLF physical (electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature) and chemical (total nitrogen, ammonia–nitrogen, nitrate–nitrogen, total phosphorus, soluble phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand) characteristics was monitored during eight weekly cycles. The effect of filtration on total nitrogen and ammonia–nitrogen removal began after about one month of loading, suggesting that an activation period is necessary for bacteria. For effective N removal, the presence of multiple digestate recirculations per day through the filters appears mandatory to guarantee the alternation of nitrification and denitrification conditions. For P removal, filling material particle size appeared to be more important than its composition. Unclear performances were observed considering chemical oxygen demand. Further studies on filling media and microbial community interactions, and the long-term efficiency of filters, are desirable.

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