scholarly journals Coronary Microvascular Disease

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi A. Thakker ◽  
Jorge Rodriguez Lozano ◽  
Patricia Rodriguez Lozano ◽  
Afaq Motiwala ◽  
Umamahesh Rangasetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microvascular Disease

Urinary Beta-Thromboglobulin Correlates with Impairment of Renal Function in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (02) ◽  
pp. 229-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Hopper ◽  
H Tindall ◽  
J A Davies
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Β2 Microglobulin ◽  
Plasma Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Indium 111

SummaryTBeta-thromboglobulin (βTG) is a platelet-specific protein and since its concentration in plasma rises when platelets are activated, it has been used as an indicator of platelet involvement in vascular disease. Since platelets might be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular disease we measured urinary βTG in 20 insulin-dependent diabetics with nephropathy and compared the results with those from 20 normal subjects. Measurement of βTG in urine was undertaken to avoid errors induced by blood sampling and to gain information over a prolonged period using a single assay. Measurements were made of βTG, β2-microglobulin and total protein in urine collected for 24 h and creatinine and β2 microglobulin in plasma. Survival of indium-111-labelled platelets was measured in nine patients. Urinary PTG was significantly (p <0.02) increased in the 20 patients compared with 20 normal volunteers (median value 1.3 vs 0.8 μg/24 h). There was a strong correlation between urinary βTG excretion and plasma creatinine concentration (r = 0.8, p <0.0001) and plasma β2-microglobulin concentration (r = 0.9, p <0.0001). Urinary βTG concentration did not correlate with platelet survival. The results indicate that although urinary βTG is significantly increased in patients with diabetic nephropathy its concentration in urine correlates with indicators of glomerular filtration rather than with a test of platelet activation.

Relationship of microvascular disease in diabetes to metabolic control

Diabetes ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 760-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Engerman ◽  
J. M. Bloodworth ◽  
S. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Relationship Of

Circulating Stem/Progenitor Cells as Prognostic Biomarkers in Macro- and Microvascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Prospective Observational Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (35) ◽  
pp. 4507-4517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Rigato ◽  
Gian Paolo Fadini
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
English Language ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cell Phenotypes

Background: Circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are immature cells involved in vascular repair and related to many aspects of macro and microvascular disease. <p> Objective: We aimed to review studies reporting the prognostic role of CPCs/EPCs measurement on development of cardiovascular disease and microangiopathy. <p> Methods and Results: We reviewed the English language literature for prospective observational studies reporting the future development of cardiovascular disease or microangiopathy in patients having a baseline determination of CPCs/EPCs. We retrieved 34 studied reporting on cardiovascular outcomes and 2 studies reporting on microvascular outcomes. Overall, a reduced baseline level of CPCs/EPCs was associated with a significant increased risk of cardiovascular events, all-cause death, and onset/progression of microangiopathy. The most predictive phenotypes were CD34+ and CD34+CD133+. The main limitation was related to the high heterogeneity among studies in terms of patient characteristics and cell phenotypes. <p> Conclusion: The present review shows that a reduced level of circulating progenitor cells is a risk factor for the development of future cardiovascular events and death. In addition, low CPCs/EPCs levels predict the onset or worsening of microalbuminuria and retinopathy in diabetic patients.

Osteomyelitis: Focus on Conventional Treatments and Innovative Drug Delivery Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Gallarate ◽  
Daniela Chirio ◽  
Giulia Chindamo ◽  
Elena Peira ◽  
Simona Sapino
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Innovative Drug ◽  
Vascular Insufficiency ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
The Third World

: Osteomyelitis is a bone marrow infection which generally involves cortical plates and which may occur after bone trauma, orthopedic/maxillofacial surgery or after vascular insufficiency episodes. It mostly affects people from the Third World Countries, elderly and patients affected by systemic diseases e.g. autoimmune disorders, AIDS, osteoporosis and microvascular disease. The highest percentage of osteomyelitis cases (almost 75%) is caused by Staphylococcus spp., and in particular by Staphylococcus aureus (more than 50%). The ideal classification and the diagnosis of osteomyelitis are two important tools which help the physicians to choose the best therapeutic strategies. Currently, common therapies provide an extensive debridement in association with intravenous administration of antibiotics (penicillin or clindamycin, vancomycin and fluoroquinolones among all for resistant microorganisms), to avoid the formation of sequestra. However, conventional therapeutic approach involves several drawbacks like low concentration of antibiotic in the infected site, which can lead to resistance and adverse effects due to the intravenous administration. For these reasons, in the last years several studies have been focused on the development of drug delivery systems such as cement, beads, scaffold and ceramics made of hydroxyapatite (HA), calcium phosphate (CaP) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) which demonstrated to be biocompatible, poorly toxic and capable to allow osteointegration and a prolonged drug release. The aim of this review is to provide a focus on current therapies and latest developed drug delivery systems with particular attention on those based on CaP and its derivatives, hoping that this work could allow further direction in the field of osteomyelitis.

Retinal microglia polarization in diabetic retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Zi-Wei Yu ◽  
Hui-Yao Li ◽  
Yue Yuan ◽  
Xin-Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Microglia Polarization ◽  
Retinal Microglia ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Retinal Neurodegeneration

Abstract Microglia, the main immune cell of the central nervous system (CNS), categorized into M1-like phenotype and M2-like phenotype, play important roles in phagocytosis, cell migration, antigen presentation, and cytokine production. As a part of CNS, retinal microglial cells (RMC) play an important role in retinal diseases. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. Recent studies have demonstrated that DR is not only a microvascular disease but also retinal neurodegeneration. RMC was regarded as a central role in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss RMC polarization and its possible regulatory factors in early DR, which will provide new targets and insights for early intervention of DR.

scholarly journals Identification of Circulating Diagnostic Biomarkers for Coronary Microvascular Disease in Postmenopausal Women Using Machine-Learning Techniques

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Alicia Arredondo Eve ◽  
Elif Tunc ◽  
Yu-Jeh Liu ◽  
Saumya Agrawal ◽  
Huriye Erbak Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Circulating Biomarkers ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Persistent Symptoms

Coronary microvascular disease (CMD) is a common form of heart disease in postmenopausal women. It is not due to plaque formation but dysfunction of microvessels that feed the heart muscle. The majority of the patients do not receive a proper diagnosis, are discharged prematurely and must go back to the hospital with persistent symptoms. Because of the lack of diagnostic biomarkers, in the current study, we focused on identifying novel circulating biomarkers of CMV that could potentially be used for developing a diagnostic test. We hypothesized that plasma metabolite composition is different for postmenopausal women with no heart disease, CAD, or CMD. A total of 70 postmenopausal women, 26 healthy individuals, 23 individuals with CMD and 21 individuals with CAD were recruited. Their full health screening and tests were completed. Basic cardiac examination, including detailed clinical history, additional disease and prescribed drugs, were noted. Electrocardiograph, transthoracic echocardiography and laboratory analysis were also obtained. Additionally, we performed full metabolite profiling of plasma samples from these individuals using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis, identified and classified circulating biomarkers using machine learning approaches. Stearic acid and ornithine levels were significantly higher in postmenopausal women with CMD. In contrast, valine levels were higher for women with CAD. Our research identified potential circulating plasma biomarkers of this debilitating heart disease in postmenopausal women, which will have a clinical impact on diagnostic test design in the future.

scholarly journals Microvascular disease in diabetes and severe COVID-19 outcomes – Authors' reply

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Helen M Colhoun ◽  
Stuart J McGurnaghan ◽  
Paul M McKeigue
Keyword(s):  
Microvascular Disease
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