Psychometric properties of a Silhouette Rating Scale assessing current and ideal body size and body dissatisfaction in adults

Abstract Purpose The study aims at validating a new pictorial tool, the Silhouette Rating Scale (SRS). It consists of a series of nine female or male silhouettes. It was created to assess current and ideal body size evaluation, and body dissatisfaction. Our aims were to test the concurrent, convergent and discriminant validity of the scale, evaluating possible gender differences. Method A first sample of 754 young adults (age M = 26.10 ± 8.50, males N = 218) and a second sample of 210 young adults (age M = 21.19 ± 3.22, males = 43) completed the SRS, and other self-report measures assessing body size evaluation, disordered eating, body satisfaction, depression, emotion regulation and insomnia. Results Statistical analyses performed on the first sample largely support the concurrent validity of the scale. Results obtained from the second sample confirm its convergent validity, showing strong correlations with the Contour Drawing Rating Scale. In addition, the correlations performed between the three responses of the SRS and other measures of eating disorders, depression, insomnia and emotion regulation indicated a good discriminant validity, though some of the variables measured seem to be significantly correlated. Conclusions The SRS is a reliable and valid tool for assessing current body size, body ideal and body dissatisfaction as compared to other widely used scales. It guarantees the universality of use thanks to the absence of details related to ethnicity or culture and at the same time, maintaining a right level of realism. Future studies will evaluate test–retest validity and its potential within clinical populations. Leve of evidence V, descriptive cross sectional study

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Psychometric Properties of A Silhouette Rating Scale Assessing Current And Ideal Body Size And Body Dissatisfaction In Adults

10.21203/rs.3.rs-551522/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Caterina Lombardo ◽

Silvia Cerolini ◽

Rita Maria Esposito ◽

Fabio Lucidi

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Body Size ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Self Report ◽

Ideal Body ◽

Size Evaluation ◽

Ideal Body Size

Abstract Purpose: The study aims at validating a new pictorial tool, the Silhouette Rating Scale (SRS). It consists of a series of 9 female or male silhouettes. It was created to assess current and ideal body size evaluation, and body dissatisfaction. Our aims were to test the concurrent, convergent and discriminant validity of the scale, evaluating possible gender differences.Method: A first sample of 754 young adults (age M=26.10±8.50, males N=218) and a second sample of 210 young adults (age M=21.19±3.22, males=43) completed the Silhouette Rating Scale, and other self-report measures assessing body size evaluation, disordered eating, body satisfaction, depression, emotion regulation and insomnia. Results: Statistical analyses performed on the first sample largely support the concurrent validity of the scale. Results obtained from the second sample confirm its convergent validity, showing strong correlations with the Contour Drawing Rating Scale. Additionally, the correlations performed between the three responses of the Silhouette Rating Scale and other measures of eating disorders, depression, insomnia and emotion regulation indicated a good discriminant validity, though some of the variables measured seem to be significantly correlated. Conclusions: The Silhouette Rating Scale is a reliable and valid tool for assessing current body size, body ideal and body dissatisfaction as compared as other widely used scales. It guarantees the universality of use thanks to the absence of details related to ethnicity or culture and at the same time, maintaining a right level of realism. Future studies will evaluate test-retest validity and its potential within clinical populations.Leve of Evidence: Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study

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The Influence of Genetic and Environmental Factors in Estimations of Current Body Size, Desired Body Size, and Body Dissatisfaction

Twin Research ◽

10.1375/twin.4.4.260 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 260-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tracey D. Wade ◽

Cynthia M. Bulik ◽

Andrew C. Heath ◽

Nicholas G. Martin ◽

Lindon J. Eaves

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Individual Variation ◽

Men And Women ◽

Polychoric Correlations ◽

Main Effect ◽

Ideal Body ◽

The Individual ◽

Ideal Body Size

AbstractThe objective was to investigate the genetic epidemiology of figural stimuli. Standard figural stimuli were available from 5,325 complete twin pairs: 1,751 (32.9%) were monozygotic females, 1,068 (20.1%) were dizygotic females, 752 (14.1%) were monozygotic males, 495 (9.3%) were dizygotic males, and 1,259 (23.6%) were dizygotic male-female pairs. Univariate twin analyses were used to examine the influences on the individual variation in current body size and ideal body size. These data were analysed separately for men and women in each of five age groups. A factorial analysis of variance, with polychoric correlations between twin pairs as the dependent variable, and age, sex, zygosity, and the three interaction terms (age x sex, age x zygosity, sex x zygosity) as independent variables, was used to examine trends across the whole data set. Results showed genetic influences had the largest impact on the individual variation in current body size measures, whereas non-shared environmental influences were associated with the majority of individual variation in ideal body size. There was a significant main effect of zygosity (heritability) in predicting polychoric correlations for current body size and body dissatisfaction. There was a significant main effect of gender and zygosity in predicting ideal body size, with a gender x zygosity interaction. In common with BMI, heritability is important in influencing the estimation of current body size. Selection of desired body size for both men and women is more strongly influenced by environmental factors.

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Validation of self-ideal body size discrepancy as a measure of body dissatisfaction

Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment ◽

10.1007/bf00964324 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 57-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Donald A. Williamson ◽

David H. Gleaves ◽

Philip C. Watkins ◽

David G. Schlundt

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Size Discrepancy ◽

Ideal Body ◽

Ideal Body Size

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Body Dissatisfaction: The Ideal Body and a Summary of Theories of Development and Maintenance

10.31234/osf.io/t3jdc ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Talbot

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Muscle Tone ◽

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Male Body ◽

Ideal Body ◽

Physiological Outcomes ◽

The Ideal

Body dissatisfaction can be defined as a negative subjective evaluation of one’s body as a whole, or relating to specific aspects of one’s body such as body size, shape, muscularity/muscle tone, and weight. Prior research has found that body dissatisfaction is associated with a number of negative psychological and physiological outcomes. This commentary describes the Western ideal male body, as well as providing a summary of theories of the cause and maintenance of male body dissatisfaction.

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Identifying the ideal body size and shape characteristics associated with children's physical performance tests in Peru

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports ◽

10.1111/sms.12231 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. e155-e165 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

A. Bustamante Valdivia ◽

J. Maia ◽

A. Nevill

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Performance Tests ◽

Size And Shape ◽

Ideal Body ◽

Shape Characteristics ◽

The Ideal ◽

Ideal Body Size

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Actual, social and ideal body image in Mexican adolescents and their relation with body dissatisfaction: gender differences (Imagen corporal actual, social e ideal y su relación con el descontento corporal en adolescentes mexicanos: diferencias por género

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v0i30.50243 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 189-192

Author(s):

Armando Cocca ◽

José René Blanco Ornelas ◽

Jesús Enrique Peinado Pérez ◽

Jesús Viciana Ramírez

Keyword(s):

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Body Shape ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Total Sample ◽

The Body ◽

Body Images ◽

School Students ◽

Social Body ◽

Environmental Pressures ◽

Ideal Body

The purpose of the present study was to compare the perception of current (CBI), ideal (IBI), social body images (SBI), and body dissatisfaction (BD) by gender in Mexican primary and secondary school students. A total sample of 1,146 participants (550 girls and 596 boys) aged 11-16 participated in the study. All participants completed the Mexican computerized adaptation of the Contour Drawing Rating Scale. Results of one-way multivariate analysis of variance, followed by one-way univariate analyses of variance, showed that girls (ABI = 4.26; IBI = 3.53; SBI = 4.28; BD = 0.89) expressed a greater discrepancy between ideal and actual body shape, as well as lower scores of ideal body shape than boys (ABI = 4.28; IBI = 3.93; SBI = 4.31; BD = 0.61). However, no statistical differences were found between boys and girls in actual and social body shape. Although current and social body images are perceived in a similar way by adolescents in our sample regardless of gender, yet girls seem to be more responsive to social and environmental pressures related with body stereotype, this being reflected by a higher dissatisfaction and a thinner idealization of the body. Our findings suggest that we need to focus our attention on girls, especially in a phase of changes such as puberty, if we aim to design any intervention that could positively impact youth’s health through a proper body image.Resumen. El propósito de este estudio fue de comparar por género la percepción de la imagen corporal actual (CBI), ideal (IBI) y social (SBI), así como el descontento con el propio cuerpo (BD), en una muestra de estudiantes mexicanos de escuelas primarias y secundarias. Se seleccionó una muestra de 1.146 participantes (550 niñas y 596 niños) de entre 11 y 16 años de edad, que completaron la adaptación mexicana de la Contour Drawing Rating Scale. Los resultados de los análisis multivariados y univariados demuestran que las niñas (ABI = 4.26; IBI = 3.53; SBI = 4.28; BD = 0.89) sufren un mayor descontento corporal que los niños (ABI = 4.28; IBI = 3.93; SBI = 4.31; BD = 0.61), así como consideran que el cuerpo ideal sea mucho más delgado. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre niños y niñas en la imagen corporal real y social. Aunque los adolescentes perciban de una manera similar su cuerpo independientemente del género, las niñas son más receptivas en lo que refiere a las presiones sociales del estereotipo corporal, reflejándose esto en un mayor descontento y en un ideal excesivamente magro de su cuerpo. Nuestros resultados sugieren la necesidad de enfocar la atención en las niñas, especialmente durante la pubertad, de cara a implementar intervenciones apropiadas que tengan un impacto real sobre la salud de los jóvenes a través de la construcción de una apropiada imagen corporal.

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Outcomes of an emotion regulation intervention group in young adults with autism spectrum disorder

Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic ◽

10.1521/bumc.2019.83.3.259 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 259-277 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kathrin Hartmann ◽

Maria R. Urbano ◽

C. Teal Raffaele ◽

Nicole L. Kreiser ◽

Takeshia V. Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Social Communication ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Self Report ◽

Social Responsiveness ◽

Exploratory Research ◽

The Social

Individuals on the autism spectrum experience difficulties in social relationships and emotion regulation. The aim of the present exploratory research study was to develop and explore the effectiveness of a manualized emotion regulation group intervention for autistic adults to improve emotion regulation and social communication. The group participants included seven young adults (age > 18 years) on the autism spectrum. Primary outcome measures were the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2) and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). Group participants reported significant improvements on the Social Communication and Interaction subscale (SCI; t = 2.601, p = .041), the Social Awareness (AWR; t = 3.163, p = .019), and the Social Cognition (COG; t = 4.861, p = .003) subscales of the SRS-2: Self Report. Overall, this study provides preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of a group treatment approach that focuses on emotion regulation to improve social interactions for young adults on the autism spectrum.

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