The Role of Airborne Pollutants in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin P. McCormick ◽  
Jivianne T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Airborne Pollutants

scholarly journals The role of house dust mite immunotherapy in Indonesian children with chronic rhinosinusitis allergy: A randomized control trial

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e06510
Author(s):  
Azwin Mengindra Putera ◽  
Zahrah Hikmah ◽  
Anang Endaryanto ◽  
Irwanto ◽  
Margarita Maria Maramis
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
House Dust ◽  
House Dust Mite ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Dust Mite ◽  
Randomized Control

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Bacteriophages in the Treatment of Recalcitrant Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Saartje Uyttebroek ◽  
Jolien Onsea ◽  
Willem-Jan Metsemakers ◽  
Lieven Dupont ◽  
David Devolder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Treatment Alternative ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Promising Treatment

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common condition affecting 5–12% of the general population worldwide. In a limited number of cases, the disease is recalcitrant to medical and surgical interventions, causing a major impact on physical, social and emotional well-being and increasing pressure on healthcare systems. Biofilm formation and dysbiosis caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa play a role in the pathogenesis of recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis. In these cases, a promising treatment alternative is the application of bacteriophages, which are viruses that infect and lyse bacteria. In this review, we appraise the evidence for the use of bacteriophages in the treatment of recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis. Additionally, (dis)advantages of bacteriophages and considerations for implementation of phage therapy in otorhinolaryngology practice will be discussed.

scholarly journals Let-7a-5p regulates the inflammatory response in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwei Zhang ◽  
Lei Han ◽  
Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background Let-7a-5p is demonstrated to be a tumor inhibitor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, the role of let-7a-5p in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has not been reported. This study is designed to determine the pattern of expression and role of let-7a-5p in CRSwNP. Methods The expression level of let-7a-5p, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in CRSwNP tissues and cells were detected by RT-qPCR. Western blot assay was carried out to measure the protein expression of the Ras-MAPK pathway. Dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were used to explore the relationship between let-7a-5p and IL-6. Results Let-7a-5p was significantly downregulated in CRSwNP tissues and cells. Moreover, the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 was increased in CRSwNP tissues, while let-7a-5p mimic inhibited the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Besides that, let-7a-5p was negatively correlated with TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in CRSwNP tissues. In our study, IL-6 was found to be a target gene of let-7a-5p. Additionally, let-7-5p mimic obviously reduced the protein levels of Ras, p-Raf1, p-MEK1 and p-ERK1/2, while IL-6 overexpression destroyed the inhibitory effect of let-7a-5p on the Ras-MAPK pathway in CRSwNP. Conclusion We demonstrated that let-7a-5p/IL-6 interaction regulated the inflammatory response through the Ras-MAPK pathway in CRSwNP.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Effects of N,N-Diethyl-Meta-Toluamide (DEET) on Sinonasal Epithelia

OTO Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 2473974X2110092
Author(s):  
Jivianne T. Lee ◽  
Saroj Basak
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Airborne Pollutants ◽  
Cell Monitoring ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dose Dependent

Although the etiology of chronic rhinosinusitis remains unknown, environmental factors including airborne pollutants and toxicants are postulated to contribute to its pathogenesis. However, the precise pathomechanisms with which environmental toxicants may contribute to chronic rhinosinusitis are not fully understood. The purpose of this pilot study is to examine the cytotoxic effects of N,N-diethyl- meta-toluamide (DEET), a commonly used pesticide, on sinonasal epithelial cells (SNECs). Sinus mucosa was obtained from 3 subjects without a history of chronic rhinosinusitis. Cultured SNECs were exposed to various concentrations of DEET (0-5 mM) for 6 days. Cell viability, proliferation, and morphologic changes were assessed using the MTT colorimetric dye assay and the Incucyte Live Cell Monitoring System. Statistically significant dose-dependent reduction in cell viability and proliferation was observed between exposure and control groups ( P < .05) at all concentrations tested. Dose-dependent cellular morphological changes were also seen. These findings indicate that DEET exposure induces dose-dependent cytotoxicity in sinonasal epithelia.

Relationship between socioeconomic status, exposure to airborne pollutants, and chronic rhinosinusitis disease severity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Velasquez ◽  
Lauren Gardiner ◽  
Tracy Z. Cheng ◽  
John A. Moore ◽  
Robert M. Boudreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Airborne Pollutants

scholarly journals The Influence ofNrf2on Cardiac Responses to Environmental Stressors

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuben Howden ◽  
Eva Gougian ◽  
Marcus Lawrence ◽  
Samantha Cividanes ◽  
Wesley Gladwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Airborne Pollutants ◽  
Cardiac Responses

Nrf2protects the lung from adverse responses to oxidants, including 100% oxygen (hyperoxia) and airborne pollutants like particulate matter (PM) exposure, but the role ofNrf2on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) responses is not known. We hypothesized that genetic disruption ofNrf2would exacerbate murine HR and HRV responses to severe hyperoxia or moderate PM exposures.Nrf2-/-andNrf2+/+mice were instrumented for continuous ECG recording to calculate HR and HRV (low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and total power (TP)). Mice were then either exposed to hyperoxia for up to 72 hrs or aspirated with ultrafine PM (UF-PM). Compared to respective controls, UF-PM induced significantly greater effects on HR (P<0.001) and HF HRV (P<0.001) inNrf2-/-mice compared toNrf2+/+mice.Nrf2-/-mice tolerated hyperoxia significantly less thanNrf2+/+mice (~22 hrs;P<0.001). Reductions in HR, LF, HF, and TP HRV were also significantly greater inNrf2-/-compared toNrf2+/+mice (P<0.01). Results demonstrate thatNrf2deletion increases susceptibility to change in HR and HRV responses to environmental stressors and suggest potential therapeutic strategies to prevent cardiovascular alterations.

Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps

Inflammation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wei ◽  
Guo-hua Hu ◽  
Hou-yong Kang ◽  
Hong-bing Yao ◽  
Wei Kou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon
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