scholarly journals The Principle of Introducing Halogen Ions Into β-FeOOH: Controlling Electronic Structure and Electrochemical Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongbin Zhang ◽  
Xuzhao Han ◽  
Xianggui Kong ◽  
Fazhi Zhang ◽  
Xiaodong Lei
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Design Principle ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Host Materials ◽  
Rate Capacity ◽  
High Valence State

AbstractCoordination tuning electronic structure of host materials is a quite effective strategy for activating and improving the intrinsic properties. Herein, halogen anion (X−)-incorporated β-FeOOH (β-FeOOH(X), X = F−, Cl−, and Br−) was investigated with a spontaneous adsorption process, which realized a great improvement of supercapacitor performances by adjusting the coordination geometry. Experiments coupled with theoretical calculations demonstrated that the change of Fe–O bond length and structural distortion of β-FeOOH, which is rooted in halogen ions embedment, led to the relatively narrow band gap. Because of the strong electronegativity of X−, the Fe element in β-FeOOH(X)s presented the unexpected high valence state (3 + δ), which is facilitating to adsorb SO32− species. Consequently, the designed β-FeOOH(X)s exhibited the good electric conductivity and enhanced the contact between electrode and electrolyte. When used as a negative electrode, the β-FeOOH(F) showed the excellent specific capacity of 391.9 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 current density, almost tenfold improvement compared with initial β-FeOOH, with the superior rate capacity and cyclic stability. This combinational design principle of electronic structure and electrochemical performances provides a promising way to develop advanced electrode materials for supercapacitor.

scholarly journals Cycling properties of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 as positive material for sodium-ion batteries

Ionics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1853-1860
Author(s):  
Nicolò Pianta ◽  
Davide Locatelli ◽  
Riccardo Ruffo
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Metallic Sodium ◽  
Free Standing

AbstractThe research into sodium-ion battery requires the development of high voltage cathodic materials to compensate for the potential of the negative electrode materials which is usually higher than the lithium counterparts. In this framework, the polyanionic compound Na3V2(PO4)2F3 was prepared by an easy-to-scale-up carbothermal method and characterized to evaluate its electrochemical performances in half cell vs. metallic sodium. The material shows a specific capacity (115 mAh g−1) close to the theoretical limit, good coulombic efficiency (>99%) and an excellent stability over several hundred cycles at high rate. High-loading free-standing electrodes were also tested, which showed interesting performances in terms of areal capacity and cyclability.

scholarly journals Research Progress of NiMn Layered Double Hydroxides for Supercapacitors: A Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Lan Yan ◽  
Xin-Chang Wang ◽  
Ji-Peng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Layered Double Hydroxides ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Supercapacitor Application ◽  
Double Hydroxides

The research on supercapacitors has been attractive due to their large power density, fast charge/discharge speed and long lifespan. The electrode materials for supercapacitors are thus intensively investigated to improve the electrochemical performances. Various transition metal layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with a hydrotalcite-like structure have been developed to be promising electrode materials. Earth-abundant metal hydroxides are very suitable electrode materials due to the low cost and high specific capacity. This is a review paper on NiMn LDHs for supercapacitor application. We focus particularly on the recent published papers using NiMn LDHs as electrode materials for supercapacitors. The preparation methods for NiMn LDHs are introduced first. Then, the structural design and chemical modification of NiMn LDH materials, as well as the composites and films derived from NiMn LDHs are discussed. These approaches are proven to be effective to enhance the performance of supercapacitor. Finally, the reports related to NiMn LDH-based asymmetric supercapacitors are summarized. A brief discussion of the future development of NiMn LDHs is also provided.

scholarly journals Tin Oxide Encapsulated into Pyrolyzed Chitosan as a Negative Electrode for Lithium Ion Batteries

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Andrzej P. Nowak ◽  
Maria Gazda ◽  
Marcin Łapiński ◽  
Zuzanna Zarach ◽  
Konrad Trzciński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Surface Hydroxyl ◽  
Diffusion Controlled

Tin oxide is one of the most promising electrode materials as a negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries due to its higher theoretical specific capacity than graphite. However, it suffers lack of stability due to volume changes and low electrical conductivity while cycling. To overcome these issues, a new composite consisting of SnO2 and carbonaceous matrix was fabricated. Naturally abundant and renewable chitosan was chosen as a carbon source. The electrode material exhibiting 467 mAh g−1 at the current density of 18 mA g−1 and a capacity fade of only 2% after 70 cycles is a potential candidate for graphite replacement. Such good electrochemical performance is due to strong interaction between amine groups from chitosan and surface hydroxyl groups of SnO2 at the preparation stage. However, the charge storage is mainly contributed by a diffusion-controlled process showing that the best results might be obtained for low current rates.

scholarly journals Supercapacitors Based on Nickel Oxide/Carbon Materials Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Lota ◽  
Agnieszka Sierczynska ◽  
Grzegorz Lota
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Active Carbon ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Capacitor ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Asymmetric Configuration

In the thesis, the properties of nickel oxide/active carbon composites as the electrode materials for supercapacitors are discussed. Composites with a different proportion of nickel oxide/carbon materials were prepared. A nickel oxide/carbon composite was prepared by chemically precipitating nickel hydroxide on an active carbon and heating the hydroxide at 300 ∘Cin the air. Phase compositions of the products were characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The morphology of the composites was observed by SEM. The electrochemical performances of composite electrodes used in electrochemical capacitors were studied in addition to the properties of electrode consisting of separate active carbon and nickel oxide only. The electrochemical measurements were carried out using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, and impedance spectroscopy. The composites were tested in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte using two- and three-electrode Swagelok systems. The results showed that adding only a few percent of nickel oxide to active carbon provided the highest value of capacity. It is the confirmation of the fact that such an amount of nickel oxide is optimal to take advantage of both components of the composite, which additionally can be a good solution as a negative electrode in asymmetric configuration of electrode materials in an electrochemical capacitor.

Synthesis of Tin Oxide/Sponge Carbon Composite as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1493-1499
Author(s):  
Shugui Quan ◽  
Chuanqi Feng ◽  
Yao Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Solvothermal Reaction ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Rate Performance

Tin oxide/sponge carbon composite (SnO2/C) is synthesized by solvothermal reaction. The expected electrode materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectrum. Related electrochemical properties are carried out by battery comprehensive testing system. The composite could remain its specific capacity at 660.5 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles and behaved superior rate performance. The experimental results show that SnO2/C composite not only owned improved conductivity but also stable frame structure during lithiation/delithiation processes. So SnO2/C composite behaved higher reversible specific capacity and rate performance than those of pure SnO2 or SnC2O4. Based on its outstanding electrochemical performances, the SnO2/C anode electrode is a hopeful candidate for future application in lithium ion battery system.

Application of the “confusion principle” to Sn-based materials as negative electrode materials for Li-ion batteries

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. Ferguson ◽  
J. R. Dahn
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Alloy Sample ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cycle Number ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Negative Electrode Material

The “confusion principle” (Greer. Nature, 366, 303 (1993)) is applied to tin-3d transition metals carbon alloys to obtain a nanostructured negative electrode material. Various Sn–TMs–C samples with TMs = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu (all included with same atomic ratios) were prepared by mechanical milling and by mechanical alloying. Each 10-component alloy sample was examined structurally using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemically using Li/Sn–TM–C cells. The sample Sn10TMs80C10 showed a nanostructured or amorphous-type XRD pattern, which shows the validity of this principle. XRD patterns of samples prepared with higher Sn atomic content showed crystalline features of Sn-based intermetallics. As expected, a very low specific capacity ( [Formula: see text]100 mAh/g) was observed for the sample Sn10TMs80C10. The sample Sn30TMs30C40 had the highest specific capacity (near 400 mAh/g) of the samples prepared. However, features of Sn aggregation were noticed at cycle number 80 of the latter sample, which are normally detrimental to the capacity retention upon further cycling.

scholarly journals Demonstrating the steady performance of iron oxide composites over 2000 cycles at fast charge-rates for Li-ion batteries

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (46) ◽  
pp. 7348-7351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Sun ◽  
E. Madej ◽  
A. Genç ◽  
M. Muhler ◽  
J. Arbiol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Oxide Composites ◽  
Negative Electrode Materials

The feasibility of using iron oxide as negative electrode materials for safe high-power Li-ion batteries is demonstrated by a carbon-coated FeOx/CNTs composite which delivered specific capacity retention of 84% (445 mA h g−1) after 2000 cycles at 2000 mA g−1 (4C).

scholarly journals Novel Polyaniline–Silver–Sulfur Nanotube Composite as Cathode Material for Lithium–Sulfur Battery

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6440
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Ri-Wei Xu ◽  
Cheng-Zhong Wang ◽  
Jin-Ping Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Composite Cathode ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

The preparation and characterization of a polyaniline–silver–sulfur nanotube composite were reported in this paper. The polyaniline–silver nanotube composite was synthesized via an oxidation-reduction method in the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution. After being vulcanized, the polyaniline–silver–sulfur (Poly (AN–Ag–S)) nanotube composite was prepared as active cathode material and assembled into lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries with electrolyte and negative electrode materials. When the feed ratio of raw materials (aniline and AgNO3) was 2:1, the initial specific capacity of poly (AN–Ag–S) composite cells reached 1114 mAh/g. The specific capacity was kept at 573 mAh/g, and the capacity retention rate stayed above 51% after 100 cycles. The introduction of Ag into the composite cathode material can effectively solve the poor conductivity of sulfur and improve the Li–S battery performance.

scholarly journals Advancing towards a Practical Magnesium Ion Battery

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7488
Author(s):  
Alejandro Medina ◽  
Carlos Pérez-Vicente ◽  
Ricardo Alcántara
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Diffusion Path ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Magnesium Ion ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Sustainable Systems ◽  
Magnesium Batteries ◽  
And Diffusion

A post-lithium battery era is envisaged, and it is urgent to find new and sustainable systems for energy storage. Multivalent metals, such as magnesium, are very promising to replace lithium, but the low mobility of magnesium ion and the lack of suitable electrolytes are serious concerns. This review mainly discusses the advantages and shortcomings of the new rechargeable magnesium batteries, the future directions and the possibility of using solid electrolytes. Special emphasis is put on the diversity of structures, and on the theoretical calculations about voltage and structures. A critical issue is to select the combination of the positive and negative electrode materials to achieve an optimum battery voltage. The theoretical calculations of the structure, intercalation voltage and diffusion path can be very useful for evaluating the materials and for comparison with the experimental results of the magnesium batteries which are not hassle-free.

Effects of pH on Preparation and Properties of CaTi2O4(OH)2 by Hydrothermal Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-603 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Wei Xia Dong ◽  
Gao Ling Zhao ◽  
Xing Yong Gu ◽  
Bin Song ◽  
Gao Rong Han
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Anhydrous Calcium Chloride ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Rate Capacity

A novel CaTi2O4(OH)2 nanosheet was synthesized using anhydrous calcium chloride, lithium chloride and butyl titanate as the basic raw material by a template-free and surfactant-free hydrothermal method. The crystal structure, morphology and element synthesis were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) equipped with an EDS system. Effects of pH on the structure, morphology and electrochemical properties were investigated. The results showed that when pH was 6.7, CaTi2O5 phase was obtained. When pH was 8.3, pure CaTi2O4(OH)2 nanosheets were obtained. Further increasing pH to 8.6, CaTi2O4(OH)2 was obtained, however, and CaTiO3 phase also appeared. When pH was 8.3, the rate capacity of CaTi2O4(OH)2 nanosheets was further higher than those of the samples prepared for pH=6.7 and pH=8.6. It indicated that CaTi2O4(OH)2 nanosheets were helpful for lithium insertion and de-intercalation. The sample synthesized at pH=8.3 showed the best electrochemical performances, with first discharge specific capacity of 177.9 mAh/g at 0.1C rate. The CaTi2O4(OH)2 nanosheets might represent an opportunity for the applications in lithium ion battery.

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