scholarly journals Measuring the socio-economic footprint of the energy transition

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Garcia-Casals ◽  
Rabia Ferroukhi ◽  
Bishal Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Track Record ◽  
The World

Abstract The energy system is often treated as a self-contained system, disconnected from the broader socio-economic structures it is built upon. Understanding the enabling environment and structural elements will help to maximize the benefits of the transition and increase awareness of potential barriers and necessary adjustments along the way. IRENA has developed a methodology to measure the socio-economic footprint of energy transition roadmaps using the E3ME macro-econometric model, which evaluates the likely impacts in terms of gross domestic product (GDP), employment and human welfare. It is based on well-established historical databases and has a proven track record of policy applications. The presented socio-economic footprint analysis is based on the IRENA REmap energy transition roadmap 2018 that explores a higher deployment of low-carbon technologies, mostly renewable energy and energy efficiency. The results show that, with appropriate policies in place, reducing over 90% of the energy-related carbon dioxide emissions from the reference case via renewables and energy efficiency coupled with deep electrification of end-uses, results in consistently positive global GDP impacts across the period of analysis from 2018 to 2050. Across the world economy, the transition case leads to a relative increase of employment by 0.14% over the reference case throughout the analysed period from 2018 to 2050. In addition to GDP and employment growth, the energy transition can offer broader welfare gains. However, not all countries and regions around the world benefit equally, and just transition policies must be included to ensure all regions and communities are able to take advantage of the energy transition.

Lessons for low-carbon energy transition: Experience from the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP)

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binu Parthan ◽  
Marianne Osterkorn ◽  
Matthew Kennedy ◽  
St. John Hoskyns ◽  
Morgan Bazilian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Transition Experience ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Primary Energy System Chain Security Under the Energy Transition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamah Alsayegh
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
System Security ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Abstract This paper examines the energy transition consequences on the oil and gas energy system chain as it propagates from net importing through the transit to the net exporting countries (or regions). The fundamental energy system security concerns of importing, transit, and exporting regions are analyzed under the low carbon energy transition dynamics. The analysis is evidence-based on diversification of energy sources, energy supply and demand evolution, and energy demand management development. The analysis results imply that the energy system is going through technological and logistical reallocation of primary energy. The manifestation of such reallocation includes an increase in electrification, the rise of energy carrier options, and clean technologies. Under healthy and normal global economic growth, the reallocation mentioned above would have a mild effect on curbing the oil and gas primary energy demands growth. A case study concerning electric vehicles, which is part of the energy transition aspect, is presented to assess its impact on the energy system, precisely on the fossil fuel demand. Results show that electric vehicles are indirectly fueled, mainly from fossil-fired power stations through electric grids. Moreover, oil byproducts use in the electric vehicle industry confirms the reallocation of the energy system components' roles. The paper's contribution to the literature is the portrayal of the energy system security state under the low carbon energy transition. The significance of this representation is to shed light on the concerns of the net exporting, transit, and net importing regions under such evolution. Subsequently, it facilitates the development of measures toward mitigating world tensions and conflicts, enhancing the global socio-economic wellbeing, and preventing corruption.

scholarly journals Circular economy for the energy transition in Saint Petersburg, Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02030
Author(s):  
Olga Kalchenko ◽  
Svetlana Evseeva ◽  
Oksana Evseeva ◽  
Kristina Plis
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Government

The pathway to a low-carbon future is circular. Circular economy and the optimization of resources used in the energy system can be seen as a way to improve energy self-sufficiency. In St. Petersburg, stakeholders of International Innovation Forum and International Economic Forum 2018 have discussed foreign experience and circular economy in Russia, and found several solutions. Representatives from Business Finland partnership shared their experience – how environmentally friendly technologies become profitable business. FIRO-O, OptiKom, Charity second-hand store “Spasibo”, Baltika Brewery (Carlsberg group) and St. Petersburg Urban Eco-Cluster are given as successful examples of circular economy principles in Russia and St. Petersburg. Moscow and Saint Petersburg have different programs under the local authorities’ support in the sphere of environmentally-friendly development. Infrastructure of the Russian regions needs more attention and support from all the stakeholders: the business, the government and the society. The triangle cooperation (business-government-society) is needed. Russian company’s cooperation and integration into the global networks of ecologically responsible businesses could lead to the easier and faster solutions.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency and GHG Emissions Mapping of Buildings for Decision-Making Processes against Climate Change at the Local Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Lorenzo-Sáez ◽  
José-Vicente Oliver-Villanueva ◽  
Eloina Coll-Aliaga ◽  
Lenin-Guillermo Lemus-Zúñiga ◽  
Victoria Lerma-Arce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy

Buildings have become a key source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to the consumption of primary energy, especially when used to achieve thermal comfort conditions. In addition, buildings play a key role for adapting societies to climate change by achieving more energy efficiency. Therefore, buildings have become a key sector to tackle climate change at the local level. However, public decision-makers do not have tools with enough spatial resolution to prioritise and focus the available resources and efforts in an efficient manner. The objective of the research is to develop an innovative methodology based on a geographic information system (GIS) for mapping primary energy consumption and GHG emissions in buildings in cities according to energy efficiency certificates. The developed methodology has been tested in a representative medium-sized city in Spain, obtaining an accurate analysis that shows 32,000 t of CO2 emissions due to primary energy consumption of 140 GWh in residential buildings with high spatial resolution at single building level. The obtained results demonstrate that the majority of residential buildings have low levels of energy efficiency and emit an average of 45 kg CO2/m2. Compared to the national average in Spain, this obtained value is on the average, while it is slightly better at the regional level. Furthermore, the results obtained demonstrate that the developed methodology is able to directly identify city districts with highest potential for improving energy efficiency and reducing GHG emissions. Additionally, a data model adapted to the INSPIRE regulation has been developed in order to ensure interoperability and European-wide application. All these results have allowed the local authorities to better define local strategies towards a low-carbon economy and energy transition. In conclusion, public decision-makers will be supported with an innovative and user-friendly GIS-based methodology to better define local strategies towards a low-carbon economy and energy transition in a more efficient and transparent way based on metrics of high spatial resolution and accuracy.

Low Carbon Transition of Power System in China: Pathways and Policy Design Implications

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1832-1836
Author(s):  
Chang Hong Zhao ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Jia Hai Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Policy Design ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Transition Management ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Package Design ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

This paper studies the low carbon transition of electricity system in China. The paper describes the approach, which builds on transitions and transition management using a multi-level perspective (MLP) of niches, socio-technical regime and landscape. A MLP analysis on China’s power sector is presented to understand the current landscape, regime and niches. Five transition pathways with their possible technology options are presented. The paper goes further to propose an interactive management framework for low carbon energy system transition in China and reprehensive technology options are appraised to indicate the policy package design logic in the framework. The work in the paper will be useful in informing policy-makers and other stakeholders and may provide reference value for other countries for energy transition management.

scholarly journals A Review and Comparative Analysis on Energy Transition in China’s Three Emerging Urban Agglomerations

2021 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Jianchao Hou ◽  
Jinhua Jian ◽  
Pingkuo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transition ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Pearl River

With the aggravation of environmental pollution and the overuse of fossil energy, a sustainable transition to using the low-carbon and clean energy is perceived to be an inevitable trend. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta are the three most important economic circles in China. One purpose of energy transition in those Three Urban Agglomerations is to enable the energy system to have a higher share of clean energy. This paper introduces the current situation in terms of energy endowment, production and consumption in the three urban agglomerations, discusses the policy environment from the aspects of development planning, supporting mechanism and policy tools. We further analyse the barriers of the energy transition in the three urban agglomerations by using Institution-Economy-Technology-Behaviour (IETB) conceptual model. Through this research, we know that reducing the carbon emissions is a priority in energy transition and increasing the utilization of renewable energy has become the consensus in the three urban agglomerations. In addition, reasonable energy development policies can impel the energy investment and the technology innovation to accelerate energy transition. Moreover, in the designated “highly polluting” industry sectors, energy supply enterprises and energy-consuming enterprises establish green-development incentive mechanisms and adopt technological innovation in order to promote energy transition.

scholarly journals The U.S. Energy System and the Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel From Clean Electricity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan L. Male ◽  
Michael C. W. Kintner-Meyer ◽  
Robert S. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Commercial Aviation ◽  
The Future ◽  
The U.S

Jet fuel is relatively small in terms of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions (10% of U.S. transportation sector in 2021, expected to increase to 14% by 2050). Still airlines have ambitious goals to reduce their greenhouse footprints from carbon-neutral growth beginning this year to reducing greenhouse gas emission for international flights by 50% by 2050 compared to 2005 levels. The challenge is heightened by the longevity of the current fleet (30–50 years) and by the difficulty in electrifying the future fleet because only 5% of the commercial aviation greenhouse gas footprint is from regional flights that might, conceivably be electrified using foreseeable technology. Therefore, large amounts of sustainable aviation fuel will be needed to reach the aggressive targets set by airlines. Only 3 million gallons (11.4 ML) of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) (with a heat of combustion totaling about 400 TJ = 0.0004 EJ) was produced in the U.S. in 2019 for a 26 billion gallon per year market (3.6 EJ/year). Fischer-Tropsch and ethanol oligomerization (alcohol-to-jet) are considered for producing SAF, including the use of renewable electricity and carbon dioxide. In sequencing the energy transition, cleaning the U.S. grid is an important first step to have the largest greenhouse gas emissions reduction. While carbon dioxide and clean electricity can potentially provide the SAF in the future, an ethanol oligomerization option will require less energy.

scholarly journals Hydrogen application technologies and environmentally friendly smart energy system

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 48-64
Author(s):  
Van Nhu Nguyen ◽  
Nhu Tung Truong ◽  
Van Thinh Dinh ◽  
Viet Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Technology Barriers ◽  
Smart Energy Systems ◽  
Hydrogen Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Transition Strategies ◽  
Hydrogen Safety

Climate change and fossil fuel depletion are the main reasons for many countries around the world to develop and implement energy transition strategies. Being a very clean burning fuel (generating steam only), hydrogen will play an important role in the transition from fossil energy to CO2-free energy. The paper introduces recent advances of hydrogen technology applied in transportation, industry, and power generation in the world; challenges regarding hydrogen safety and technology; barriers in social perception; and some recommendations for the development of hydrogen technology and environmentally friendly smart energy systems in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Thoughts on China’s energy transition outlook

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Zhongying ◽  
Kaare Sandholt
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Security Of Supply ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Sustainable Energy System

Abstract China’s strong economic growth over the past 40 years has been followed by similar strong growth in energy consumption, based on coal. A continuation of this development is not sustainable, and China has set new ambitious targets for future energy systems development, which in reality calls for a genuine energy revolution in order to build a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient energy system towards 2035 and 2050. This paper looks at the mechanisms behind the energy transition, analysis of a concrete case for a sustainable energy system in 2050, and points to policy measures and instruments to ensure the necessary progress in this energy transition. The case shows that it is possible for China in 2050 to reduce CO2 emission to one-third of today’s emission while at the same time maintaining economic growth, improving security of supply, air quality, and economic efficiency of the power system.

scholarly journals The rise of renewables and energy transition: what adaptation strategy exists for oil companies and oil-exporting countries?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassam Fattouh ◽  
Rahmatallah Poudineh ◽  
Rob West
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Long Run

Abstract The energy landscape is changing rapidly with far-reaching implications for the global energy industry and actors, including oil companies and oil-exporting countries. These rapid changes introduce multidimensional uncertainty, the most important of which is the speed of the transition. While the transformation of the energy system is rapid in certain regions of the world, such as Europe, the speed of the global energy transition remains highly uncertain. It is also difficult to define the end game (which technology will win and what the final energy mix will be), as the outcome of transition is likely to vary across regions. In this context, oil companies are facing a strategic dilemma: attempt the risky transition to low-carbon technologies by moving beyond their core business or just focus on maximising their return from their hydrocarbon assets. We argue that, due to the high uncertainty, oil companies need to develop strategies that are likely to be successful under a wide set of possible future market conditions. Furthermore, the designed strategies need to be flexible and evolve quickly in response to anticipated changes in the market. For oil-exporting countries, there is no trade-off involved in renewable deployment as such investments can liberate oil and gas for export markets, improving the economics of domestic renewables projects. In the long run, however, the main challenge for many oil countries is economic and income diversification as this represents the ultimate safeguard against the energy transition. Whether or not these countries succeed in their goal of achieving a diversified economy and revenue base has implications for investment in the oil sector and oil prices and consequently for the speed of the global energy transition.

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