scholarly journals Interferences of trace metals between sediment and Dotillid crab (Ilyoplax frater) from three tidal creeks, Karachi, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmat Saleem Siddiqui ◽  
Noor Us Saher
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Pollution ◽  
Accumulation Factor ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Tidal Creeks ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Dotillid Crab

AbstractIn the Anthropocene era, an immersion of toxic substances, i.e., trace metals, has been enhanced in the marine environment not only due to urban sprawl and industrial development but predominantly owing to incongruous management and lack of sustainable approaches. The coastal region of Pakistan shares a similar obstacle as most of the developing countries confronted. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate concentrations of eight metals (Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, Co, Pb, Cr, and Cd) in sediment and Dotillid crab, Ilyoplax frater, at three tidal creeks in Karachi, Pakistan. All metals in sediments and crabs were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometer. The sediment pollution was evaluated by contamination degree (CD) and potential ecological risk index (RI). After depicting the metal pollution in sediments, metal accumulation, and contamination in benthic crab were investigated through total metal concentrations in crabs, accumulation factor (AF), correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The results exhibited substantial differences in the concentrations of Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr, and Cd among the tidal creek sediments. Contamination factors indicated that the Cd and Pb had the highest sharing in sediment pollution, and the tidal creeks classified as moderately contaminated. All metal accumulations in Dotillid crabs showed notable spatial variations, and accumulation factors (AFs) for most of the metals were > 1.0, signifying the strong bioaccumulation of metals in crabs. Particularly, Cu, Co, and Cd levels were considerably greater (two to three times) in Dotillid crabs compared to creek’s sediments, even though they don’t share any relationship between two matrixes. Hydrographical and sedimentological traits also revealed significant interactions with metal levels in sediments and crabs. A substantial association was also noticed in Fe, Ni, and Pb between sediments and crabs. Interestingly, most of the metal AFs showed a notable inverse correlation with the environmental matrix. Exceptionally, a strong positive correlation found between the Pb concentration in crabs and sediments suggested that I. frater probably acts as an indicator of Pb pollution.

scholarly journals Analysis of Spatial Variability of River Bottom Sediment Pollution with Heavy Metals and Assessment of Potential Ecological Hazard for the Warta River, Poland

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Joanna Jaskuła ◽  
Mariusz Sojka ◽  
Michał Fiedler ◽  
Rafał Wróżyński
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Sediment Pollution ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Effect Concentration ◽  
Ecological Hazard ◽  
River Bottom

Pollution of river bottom sediments with heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a main environmental issue related to intensive anthropopressure on the water environment. In this context, the risk of harmful effects of the HMs presence in the bottom sediments of the Warta River, the third longest river in Poland, has been assessed. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the river bottom sediments collected at 24 sample collection stations along the whole river length have been measured and analyzed. Moreover, in the GIS environment, a method predicting variation of HMs concentrations along the whole river length, not at particular sites, has been proposed. Analysis of the Warta River bottom sediment pollution with heavy metals in terms of the indices: the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Metal Pollution Index (MPI), has proved that, in 2016, the pollution was heavier than in 2017. Assessment of the potential toxic effects of HMs accumulated in bottom sediments, made on the basis of Threshold Effect Concentration (TEC), Midpoint Effect Concentration (MEC), and Probable Effect Concentration (PEC) values, and the Toxic Risk Index (TRI), has shown that the ecological hazard in 2017 was much lower. Cluster analysis revealed two main groups of sample collection stations at which bottom sediments showed similar chemical properties. Changes in classification of particular sample collection stations into the two groups analyzed over a period of two subsequent years indicated that the main impact on the concentrations of HMs could have their point sources in urbanized areas and river fluvial process.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Contamination Characteristics and Health Risks Assessment ofCommelina africanaL. and Psammitic Sandflats in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nsikak U. Benson ◽  
Paul A. Enyong ◽  
Omowunmi H. Fred-Ahmadu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Metal Levels

The purpose of this study was to investigate and quantify trace metal concentrations inCommelina africanaL. and psammitic sandflats from an intertidal coastal ecosystem in Niger Delta, Nigeria, and to evaluate their spatial distribution, degree of contamination, and source apportionment. The environmental risks associated with soil contamination were elaborately assessed using potential ecological risk index, sediment quality guidelines, and enrichment relative to background levels. The mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sandflat soil samples are0.76±9.0×10-2,7.39±8.7×10-1,2.28±0.35,0.024±4.0×10-3, and74.51±2.55 mg/kg, respectively. Metal levels indicate strong variability with sampling sites. The order of trace metal concentrations in theCommelina africanaL. samples isZn>Ni>Cr>Pb>Cd. The concentrations varied with the sample locations; and the levels of Pb (0.05 to 0.08 mg/kg) at all locations are found to be significantly below permissible level of 0.3 mg/kg. Potential sources of metal loadings may be associated with localised or diffused anthropogenic activities. The average carcinogenic risks are below1.0×10-6threshold values, and the sandflat soils are not considered to pose significant health effects to children and adult males and females. However, the carcinogenicity and noncarcinogenicity risks ranking decrease following the orderchildren>adult  males>adult  females. Comparatively, the hazard quotient and hazard index indicate that the psammitic sandflats might pose a health risk to children in future.

scholarly journals Human health risk assessment through the comparative analysis of diverse irrigation regimes for Luffa (Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Iqbal Khan ◽  
Ilker Ugulu ◽  
Shagufta Sahira ◽  
Naunain Mehmood ◽  
Kafeel Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Luffa Cylindrica ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Metal Levels

Abstract In the present study, the effects of untreated wastewater and associated health risks were assessed in an abundantly consumed vegetable, Luffa cylindrica. In this direction, trace metal accumulations in L. cylindrica samples irrigated with three different water regimes (municipal wastewater, groundwater, and canal water) were determined. The metal levels were defined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with a graphite furnace and D2 corrector. Trace metal concentrations in L. cylindrica samples were in the range of 7.91–9.01, 3.78–4.22, 0.54–0.63, 39.18–43.27, 15.76–20.82, 29.04–42.49, 6.96–8.24, 5.85–7.72, 4.06–4.39 and 0.18–0.42 mg/kg for Mo, As, Se, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd and Co, respectively. The health risk index values of As, Cd, Pb, Mo, Ni, Se and Co; and pollution load index values of As, Mo, Ni, Cu, Cd and Pb were high, indicating possible phytotoxicity. As had the highest value for the pollution load index suggesting high-risk levels. High levels of some metals could be an alarm call for consumers as the vegetable is irrigated with untreated wastewater.

scholarly journals Early atmospheric contamination on the top of the Himalayas since the onset of the European Industrial Revolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (8) ◽  
pp. 3967-3973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Gabrielli ◽  
Anna Wegner ◽  
M. Roxana Sierra-Hernández ◽  
Emilie Beaudon ◽  
Mary Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Toxic Trace Metals

Because few ice core records from the Himalayas exist, understanding of the onset and timing of the human impact on the atmosphere of the “roof of the world” remains poorly constrained. We report a continuous 500-y trace metal ice core record from the Dasuopu glacier (7,200 m, central Himalayas), the highest drilling site on Earth. We show that an early contamination from toxic trace metals, particularly Cd, Cr, Mo, Ni, Sb, and Zn, emerged at high elevation in the Himalayas at the onset of the European Industrial Revolution (∼1780 AD). This was amplified by the intensification of the snow accumulation (+50% at Dasuopu) likely linked to the meridional displacement of the winter westerlies from 1810 until 1880 AD. During this period, the flux and crustal enrichment factors of the toxic trace metals were augmented by factors of 2 to 4 and 2 to 6, respectively. We suggest this contamination was the consequence of the long-range transport and wet deposition of fly ash from the combustion of coal (likely from Western Europe where it was almost entirely produced and used during the 19th century) with a possible contribution from the synchronous increase in biomass burning emissions from deforestation in the Northern Hemisphere. The snow accumulation decreased and dry winters were reestablished in Dasuopu after 1880 AD when lower than expected toxic metal levels were recorded. This indicates that contamination on the top of the Himalayas depended primarily on multidecadal changes in atmospheric circulation and secondarily on variations in emission sources during the last 200 y.

scholarly journals Occurrence and risk assessment of trace metals and metalloids in sediments and benthic invertebrates from Dianshan Lake, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 14847-14856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wu ◽  
Yihui Zhou ◽  
Yanling Qiu ◽  
Da Chen ◽  
Zhiliang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Accumulation Factor ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Metals And Metalloids ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Dianshan Lake

Abstract The present study measured concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, and Pb in surface sediments and two benthic invertebrate species (Anodonta woodiana and Bellamya aeruginosa) collected from Dianshan Lake, located in the Yangtze River Delta. The Dianshan Lake acts as one of the most important drinking water sources to Shanghai, the biggest city in China. Concentrations of trace metals and metalloids ranged from 0.04 mg/kg for Cd to 288.0 mg/kg for Zn. Substantial bioaccumulation in invertebrates was observed for Zn and Cu based on the biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) measurements. The results revealed that concentrations of metals and metalloids in sediments from Dianshan Lake were at the lower end of the range of levels found in other regions of China. The assessment of three significantly inter-related evaluation indices, including the geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), potential ecological risk factor (Eri), and mean probable effect concentration quotients (Qm-PEC), suggested that sediment-associated trace elements exhibited no considerable ecological risks in the studied watershed. However, the target hazard quotient and hazard index analysis suggested that selected elements (particularly As) accumulation in edible tissues of benthic invertebrates could pose potential health risks to local populations, especially fishermen. Given that wild aquatic organisms (e.g., fish and bivalves) constitute the diet of local populations as popular food/protein choices, further investigations are needed to better elucidate human health risks from metal and metalloid exposure via edible freshwater organisms.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Accumulation in Rice Variety Kainat Irrigated with Canal Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13739
Author(s):  
Zafar Iqbal Khan ◽  
Asim Mansha ◽  
Muhammad Hamzah Saleem ◽  
Farah Tariq ◽  
Kafeel Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Health Risk Index ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Metal Levels

Due to the rapid increase in industrial and urban areas, environmental pollution is increasing worldwide, causing unwanted changes in the air, water, and soil at biological, physical, and chemical levels, ultimately causing negative effects for living things. This work was performed in Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan, and examined and measured heavy metal levels in various plant parts of the rice (Oryza sativa) variety Kainat (roots, shoots, and grains) with results been set in relation to the soil around the root area. The samples were taken from five different sites. The mean level of trace metals (mg/kg) in grains was soil-dependent and varied from cadmium (Cd) (2.49–5.52), zinc (Zn) (5.8–10.78), copper (Cu) (4.82–7.85), cobalt (Co) (1.48–6.52), iron (Fe) (8.68–14.73), manganese (Mn) (6.87–13.93), and nickel (Ni) (2.3–8.34). Excluding Cd, the absorption of all metals under inspection was recorded within permissible limits, as recommended by the FAO and WHO. The pollution load index for Cd was highest at all sites. The enrichment coefficient of Co, Cd, and Cu were greater. The bioaccumulation factor at all studied sites was present, in order: Cu ˃ Zn ˃ Fe ˃ Mn ˃ Co ˃ Ni ˃ Cd. The translocation factor was present at five different sites: Mn ˃ Fe ˃ Cu ˃ Zn ˃ Co ˃ Cd ˃ Ni. The health risk index of all inspected metals was lower than 1 and was within safe limits. The higher pollution of Cd suggested maintenance of rice crop is recommended, decreasing health risks in humans.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Heavy Metals Pollution and Ecological Risk in Sediments of Mediterranean Sea Drain Estuaries in Egypt and Phytoremediation Potential of Two Emergent Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12244
Author(s):  
Yasser A. El-Amier ◽  
Armel Zacharie Ekoa Bessa ◽  
Ashraf Elsayed ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Esawi ◽  
Mohammad S. AL-Harbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Ecological Effect ◽  
Us Epa

Environmental pollution and its eco-toxicological impacts have become a large and interesting concern worldwide as a result of fast urbanization, population expansion, sewage discharge, and heavy industrial development. Nine heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, and Co) were evaluated in 20 sediment samples from the estuaries of four major drains along the Mediterranean shoreline (Nile Delta coast) to determine the possible ecological effect of high heavy metal concentrations as well as roots and shoots of two common macrophytes (Cyperus alopecuroides and Persicaria salicifolia). For sediment, single- and multi-elemental standard indices were used to measure ecological risk. Data revealed high contents of heavy metals, for which the mean values of heavy metals in sediment followed a direction of Fe > Mn > Co > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Pb > Cd, Fe > Mn > Co > Ni > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd and Fe > Mn > Zn > Co > Cu > Ni > Cr > Pb > Cd for drains stream, estuaries, and Mediterranean coast, respectively. Mn, Cr, Zn, and Pb were found to be within Canadian Soil Quality Guidelines (CSQGD) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Guidelines (US-EPA) limitations, except for Zn and Pb in drain streams, which were above the US-EPA limits, whereas Cd, Co, Cu, and Ni indicated a high ecological risk index. This high quantity of contaminants might be linked to unabated manufacturing operations, which can bio-accumulate in food systems and create significant health issues in people. C. alopecuroides root demonstrated a more efficient accumulation of all metals than the shoot system. For most heavy metals, C. alopecuroides had the highest root BAF levels with the exception of Ni and Pb in P. salicifolia. As a result, C. alopecuroides might be employed as a possible phytoextractor of these dangerous metals, while P. salicifolia could be used as a hyper-accumulator of Ni and Pb. The policymaker must consider strict rules and restrictions against uncontrolled industrial operations, particularly in the Nile Delta near water streams.

Heavy Metal Levels in Sediment of the Turkish Black Sea Coast

2015 ◽  
pp. 399-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Bat ◽  
Ebru Yesim Özkan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Sea Coast

Sediments are an important repository for various pollutants such as pesticides and heavy metals and also play a significant role as sensitive indicators for monitoring contaminants in aquatic systems. Heavy metals which are regarded as serious pollutants of aquatic ecosystems are a major environmental problem in the Black Sea. Contamination by heavy metals has not been extensively studied in the Black Sea coast of Turkey, even though these are subjected to intense discharges of pollutants. It is important, therefore, that sediment by heavy metals be assessed in order to facilitate better management and protection of these valuable coastal ecosystems. This is especially the case, since Turkish Black Sea coast represents a prominent area for fishing, industrial development and urban extension and tourism activities. In view of the economic importance of the Black Sea coastal region of Turkey, this review aims to analyses the distribution and concentrations of heavy metals in bottom sediment in the coastal sediment along the Black Sea.

Distribution of Trace Metals in Vertebrate and Invertebrate Species from Ubeji Creek, Southern Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
G.C.C Ndinwa ◽  
M Peretomode ◽  
T Asiagbe
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Arsenic Copper ◽  
Cadmium Zinc ◽  
Construction Works

Trace metals content in water, fishes (Tilapia mariae, Clarias gariepinus), earthworm (Libydrius violaceous) and sediment were determined from Ubeji River using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Metals determined were lead, cadmium, zinc, mercury, arsenic, copper and Iron. The results obtained revealed that all the metals were detected. Also, there were variations in metal levels in the samples. Highest Zn level was obtained in all the samples analysed (0.284ppm and 0.284ppm in water, 24.0mg/kg in Clarias gariepinus, 28.8mg/kg in Tilapia mariae, 1.16mg/kg in earthworm and 0.64mg/kg in sediment). The concentrations of trace metals obtained in this study are found to be dangerous. The metal levels in water from Ubeji River are higher than the WHO/FEPA standards for water quality. The concentrations of lead, zinc and copper obtained in the whole body of fishes exceeded the WHO/FEPA set standards for aquatic life. The presence of trace metals found in the sample from Ubeji River is attributed to the proximity of petroleum activity, construction works and other allied companies.

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