Wives’ gender identity, work hours, employment status, and life satisfaction: evidence from Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ando
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Work Hours

Queering Gender Identity Work: A Life History of a Black Transgender Woman

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esethu Monakali
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

This article offers an analysis of the identity work of a black transgender woman through life history research. Identity work pertains to the ongoing effort of authoring oneself and positions the individual as the agent; not a passive recipient of identity scripts. The findings draw from three life history interviews. Using thematic analysis, the following themes emerge: institutionalisation of gender norms; gender and sexuality unintelligibility; transitioning and passing; and lastly, gender expression and public spaces. The discussion follows from a poststructuralist conception of identity, which frames identity as fluid and as being continually established. The study contends that identity work is a complex and fragmented process, which is shaped by other social identities. To that end, the study also acknowledges the role of collective agency in shaping gender identity.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF COLLECTIVISM ORIENTATION AND GENDER IDENTITY ON WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND LIFE SATISFACTION RELATIONSHIP: A UK – SPAIN COMPARISON

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Valero Pizarro ◽  
Gamze Arman
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Satisfaction Relationship

Difficulties in balancing work and non-work roles have a negative impact on an individual’s life satisfaction. This study investigates the relationship between work-life balance and life satisfaction across the United Kingdom and Spain. It also explores the moderating effects of individual orientations of collectivism and gender identity. The used scales measured Work-life Balance (WLB), Life Satisfaction (LS), Collectivism vs. Individualism orientations, and Gender identity. Collectivism/Individualism was measured and analysed at individual-level rather than at cultural-level. Data was collected from 52 British and 69 Spanish full-time employed women through an online survey. Correlational analyses and hierarchical multiple regression were conducted. Findings indicated that work-life balance had positive effects on life satisfaction across two different cultures. Those effects were stronger for British than Spanish women. Moderating effects were not found. Although, work-life balance, collectivism individual-orientation, and feminine identity predicted life satisfaction in the UK and only work-life balance predicted life satisfaction in Spain. This study extends the literature on work-life balance and life satisfaction relationship and the influence of culture, whilst also contributing to the under-researched area of the influence of gender identity on that relationship. The results might contribute to developing better strategies for promoting work-life balance

scholarly journals Gender, Marital Status and Life Satisfaction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore N Greenstein
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship

*This paper uses materials from the World Values Survey and the EuropeanValues Study from 2006-2014 to study the relationship of gender and maritalstatus to life satisfaction. In an analysis of 103,217 respondents from 81nations I find that while there do not seem to be main effects of gender onlife satisfaction – that is, women are no more or less satisfied with theirlives than are men -- gender moderates the effects of geographical region,age, employment status, education, religious affiliation, and attendance ofreligious services on life satisfaction. In particular, there aresubstantial differences in the effects of marital status on lifesatisfaction by gender. The gender differences in most effects are sosubstantial that I argue that it makes no sense to analyze lifesatisfaction data without performing separate analyses by gender. *

scholarly journals Men Lose Life Satisfaction with Fewer Hours in Employment: Mothers Do Not Profit from Longer Employment—Evidence from Eight Panels

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-334
Author(s):  
Martin Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
East And West Germany

Abstract This article uses random and fixed effects regressions with 743,788 observations from panels of East and West Germany, the UK, Australia, South Korea, Russia, Switzerland and the United States. It shows how the life satisfaction of men and especially fathers in these countries increases steeply with paid working hours. In contrast, the life satisfaction of childless women is less related to long working hours, while the life satisfaction of mothers hardly depends on working hours at all. In addition, women and especially mothers are more satisfied with life when their male partners work longer, while the life satisfaction of men hardly depend on their female partners’ work hours. These differences between men and women are starker where gender attitudes are more traditional. They cannot be explained through differences in income, occupations, partner characteristics, period or cohort effects. These results contradict role expansionist theory, which suggests that men and women profit similarly from moderate work hours; they support role conflict theory, which claims that men are most satisfied with longer and women with shorter work hours.

Impact of Resilience, Anxiety and Depression on Quality of Life Assessment in Patients with Acute Myeloic Leukemia After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 2088-2088
Author(s):  
Susanne Amler ◽  
Christian Deiters ◽  
Cristina Sauerland ◽  
Joachim Kienast ◽  
Thomas Buchner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Unrelated Donor ◽  
Quality Of Life Assessment ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Abstract 2088 Introduction: Quality of life (QoL) plays a very important role for the assessment of oncological treatment outcome. For the assessment of therapy strategies both survival time and quality of survival regarding physical and emotional conditions are of interest. The present cross sectional study evaluated the impact of resilience, life satisfaction, anxiety and depression on the global health status of patients having received an allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Design and Methods: 80 eligible patients from 26 German cancer centres fulfilling the following criteria were contacted: 1. Treatment within the AMLCG 99 trial for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients were randomized to receive either standard-dose Cytarabine containing TAD or high-dose Cytarabine containing HAM-HAM induction therapy, followed by TAD consolidation and HSCT when having no low-risk cytogenetics and an available family donor or high-risk cytogenetics and an unrelated donor. 2. HSCT in first complete remission at least 6 months before the questionnaire. 3. Outpatient setting at the time of the questionnaire. The multi-part questionnaire included general informations about age, gender, marital and employment status as well as validated scaled questionnaire parts. These include the QLQ-C30, the Resilience Scale RS-25, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a questionnaire about general and health-related life satisfaction (FLZ). To ensure standardized analyses of the data, scales were summarized based on well-established scoring principles or rather linear transformed, so that scores ranged from 0 to 100. Global health status was defined as the primary objective of quality of life assessment. Results: Overall, 41 of 80 patients (51%) completed the questionnaire and were evaluable. Thus 41 patients (18 male, 23 females) aged between 23 and 66 (median 49) years at the time of data collection were included in the analysis. 66% were treated with de novo AML, 24% with secondary AML from MDS and 5% of the evaluable patients had MDS and t-AML, respectively. Median time between HSCT and questionnaire was 3.1 years (range, 8 months to 7 years). 26 patients (63%) received an HSCT from a related donor and 15 (37%) from an unrelated donor. Patients' self-assessed high quality of life was associated with an improved resilience (r=0.538, p<0.001) and lower patients-reported anxiety (r=−0.525, p<0.001) and depression symptoms (r=−0.751, p<0.001). A higher level in general and health-related life satisfaction was also significantly associated with a higher better self-assessed quality of life (r=0.639 and r=0.718, both p<0.001). Younger patients < 60 years old had a non-significant slightly higher score in quality of life compared to older patients (median 79.2 vs. 66.7, p=0.290). No effect was seen with respect to gender, donor type or the time interval after HSCT. Marital status was not associated with a higher QoL (p=0.962), whereas employment status revealed significant differences (p=0.008). Furthermore no differences in quality of life assessment could be detected between the two induction regimens TAD / HAM (18 patients) vs. HAM / HAM (23 patients). Conclusion: The results suggest that quality of life after HSCT for AML correlates with patients' subjective assessment of emotional and physical conditions. For an effective evaluation of the quality of life assessment and the interaction with clinical parameters in AML patients, specific QoL instruments should be applied and different comparable studies should be combined in order to obtain more reliable results. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

When poverty becomes detrimental to life satisfaction in the transition to adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-248
Author(s):  
Brigitte Schels
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Young People ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Household Panel Data ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This study examines whether poverty becomes more meaningful for young people as they move from youth to adulthood; therefore, the main hypothesis is that poverty becomes increasingly detrimental to individual life satisfaction as young people grow older and – at the same time – enter working life and establish their own households or families. The empirical analysis uses German household panel data and applies indicators for income poverty and material deprivation for a sample of 15- to 29-year-old young men and women. Results show that few facets of poverty impair life satisfaction in youth, and indicators increasingly show significant negative effects as people age. Changes in employment status and household context in the transition to adulthood cannot explain the age differences. Findings indicate that age is an independent reference point for young people in the transition to adulthood. Results also suggest that a more critical discussion is required on the significance of poverty and its measurement during the transition from youth to adulthood.

scholarly journals Unemployment, Trust in Government, and Satisfaction with Democracy: An Empirical Investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237802311775053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Trust In Government ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Satisfaction With Democracy ◽  
The Impact

Evidence suggests that unemployment negatively affects various aspects of individuals’ lives. The author investigates whether unemployment changes individuals’ political evaluations in the form of trust in government and satisfaction with democracy. While most research in this area operates on the macro level, the author provides individual-level evidence. In doing so, the author investigates the assumed causal link with panel data from Switzerland and the Netherlands. In addition, the author studies the impact on life satisfaction, a “control outcome,” known to be affected by unemployment. Although there is strong evidence that changes in employment status do affect life satisfaction, effects on trust in government and satisfaction with democracy seem mostly absent or negligible in size.

Measuring Transgender Individuals’ Comfort With Gender Identity and Appearance

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly B. Kozee ◽  
Tracy L. Tylka ◽  
L. Andrew Bauerband
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Life Meaning ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Transition Study ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Our study used the construct of congruence to conceptualize the degree to which transgender individuals feel genuine, authentic, and comfortable with their gender identity and external appearance. In Study 1, the Transgender Congruence scale (TCS) was developed, and data from 162 transgender individuals were used to estimate the reliability and validity of its scores. Two factors emerged: Appearance Congruence and Gender Identity Acceptance. TCS total and subscale scores were internally consistent. Supporting its construct validity, TCS scores were (a) positively related to life satisfaction and presence of life meaning; (b) negatively related to anxiety, depression, and body dissatisfaction; and (c) unrelated to social desirability and searching for life’s meaning. TCS scores also garnered incremental validity by predicting life satisfaction, presence of meaning in life, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms above and beyond the number of steps taken to transition. Study 2 confirmed the TCS’s factor structure with a sample of 342 transgender individuals. The final 12-item TCS is a psychometrically sound measure that can facilitate both empirical investigations and clinical applications connected to transgender identity. Additional online materials for this article are available to PWQ subscribers on PWQ’s website at http://pwq.sagepub.com/supplemental .

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