Sub-lethal effects of several metallic salts—organic compounds combinations upon the heterotrophic microflora of a natural water

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. Albright ◽  
Elaine M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Metallic Salts

Alternatives to free molecular halogens as chemoselective reactants: Catalysis of organic reactions with reusable complexes of halogen metal salts

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura I. Rossi ◽  
Manuel I. Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Metallic Salts ◽  
Oxidation Of Organic Compounds ◽  
Reaction Media

Organometallic complexes of halogen metallic salts have been used as catalysts in different organic reactions, mainly the oxidation of organic compounds. Their use has not only allowed the reduction of the amounts of catalyst (since they can be reused) but also a lower generation of byproducts and wastes. The different reaction media developed through the research were analyzed by several green parameters, and the best results were obtained with complexes that have cyclodextrins as organic ligands. The proposed methodology is an alternative to use of molecular halogen as oxidant or catalyst when halogens are significant chemoselective reactants.

scholarly journals Chemical and membrane desalination of natural water with high content of iron-organic compounds

Vestnik IGEU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
A.B. Larin ◽  
E.A. Karpychev ◽  
N.N. Yarunina ◽  
A.Y. Loginova
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Specific Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Desalinated Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Under the conditions of modernization of Russian thermal power plants (TPP), water treatment plants based on imported membrane technologies are often put into operation without consideration of the quality of the source (natural) water and variable-performance operating modes. At the same time long-running water treatment plants and their capabilities are not considered. In this regard, the cost of additional water is three or more times higher, and the average output is respectively lower than at traditional water treatment plants. Often, one doesn’t take the advantages of reverse osmosis installations based on the rejection of the use of aggressive reagents such as sulfuric acid, etc. The aim of the study is to increase the efficiency of desalinated water production. It is especially important to conduct studies of natural waters with high content of iron-organic compounds characteristic of the regions of the center and north of Russia. The authors have carried out laboratory studies of various, primarily new filter materials, regents, and devices, both at the stages of pre-purification of water i.e., clarification, and at the stages of demineralization of clarified water. Water treatment plants of Ivanovo combined-cycle plant (CCP) and Cherepovets state district power station (GRES) are considered as the subject of the research. It is found out that if one applies ion-exchange and membrane water treatment technologies to treat water with high content of iron-organic compounds, high-quality desalinated water can be obtained. The properties of water are the following: specific electrical conductivity of no more than 0,2 mcm/cm and permanganate oxidizability of no more than 1 MgO/l. Results of studies at the Ivanovo CCP and Cherepovets GRES have shown practicability to coagulate water with aluminum sulfate using an anionactive flocculant, for example, during the flood period. Application of coagulation and ultrafiltration units before reverse osmosis installation ensures removing organic impurities from the water. Based on the obtained research results, recommendations are given for the implementation of the results at Ivanovo water treatment plants.

Analysis of Phenols by Chemical Derivatization. IV. Rapid and Sensitive Method for Analysis of 21 Chlorophenols by Improved Chloroacetylation Procedures

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-426
Author(s):  
Hing-Biu Lee ◽  
Robert L Hong-You ◽  
Alfred S Y Chau
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Chemical Derivatization ◽  
Fused Silica Capillary ◽  
Silica Capillary Column ◽  
Silica Capillary

Abstract A quantitative, rapid, sensitive, and isomer-specific method for the analysis of chlorophenols in natural water by in situ chloroacetylation is presented. Without pre-extraction, phenols in water are chloroacetylated by chloroacetic anhydride in the presence of K2CO3. Because of differences in reaction kinetics and stability, various chloroacetates were removed from the reaction mixture at different intervals. If analysis of other classes of neutral organic compounds is also required, a more elaborate procedure involving solvent extraction of organic compounds and back-extraction of phenols into K2CO3 solution followed by chloroacetylation is proposed. When a 12 m OV-1 fused silica capillary column was used, 22 phenol chloroacetates were easily resolved in a single run. Using distilled and natural water samples, this method has been validated and shown to be applicable over a concentration range of 0.1 to 100 μg/L of the phenols studied.

Prospective Sustainability of Utilization of Effective Techniques for Remediation of Heavy Metals From Textile Effluents

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-49
Author(s):  
Bipin Jagdishprasad Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Wet Processing ◽  
Textile Industries ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

Textile industries are one of the prevalent water consumers and contaminators ensuing high generation of waste water. Wastewater from dyeing and printing units is often rich in organic compounds, colours, and heavy metals containing residues of various dyes and chemicals. Among these waste water pollutants, heavy metals are of serious environmental concern in recent years. Metals are extensively used for manufacture of synthetic dyestuffs and for colouration of natural dyes on textiles to achieve different shades and hues. Heavy metals such as lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), etc. are widely used for production of colour pigments of textile dyes. These heavy metals, highly toxic, get conveyed to the environment, and can bio-accumulate in the human body, aquatic life, natural water-bodies, and also possibly become trapped in the soil. The chapter deals with the utilization of heavy metals in textile wet processing, their important characteristics, various toxic aspects, and different methods for their elimination from the textile effluent liquors.

scholarly journals Degradation of Abamectin Using the Photo-Fenton Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Augusto de Freitas Matos ◽  
Alexandra Lemos Nunes Dias ◽  
Amanda Di Piazza Reis ◽  
Milady Renata Apolinário da Silva ◽  
Márcia Matiko Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Initial Amount ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Alternative Procedures

The cultivation of strawberries generally requires substantial use of pesticides, and abamectin is the active principle of one of those most commonly employed. Conventional water treatment does not remove pesticides efficiently, so there is a need to investigate alternative procedures. The use of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) can achieve good results in removal of toxic organic compounds present in aqueous solutions. The photo-Fenton process, one example of an AOP, was employed to study the degradation of abamectin. Results showed that when natural water samples contaminated with abamectin were treated using the photo-Fenton process, 70% of the initial amount of the compound was removed within 60 minutes of UV irradiation, and 60% mineralization was observed after 180 minutes of reaction.

scholarly journals Construction of Photo-Decomposer for Organic Compounds in Natural Water and Evaluation of Its Performance by Chemiluminescence

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 1021-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitao Fujiwara ◽  
Yuta Osako ◽  
Takana Sasaki ◽  
Hidetoshi Kumata ◽  
Motohide Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Natural Water

Simplification of the IAST for activated carbon adsorption of trace organic compounds from natural water

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoying Qi ◽  
Lance Schideman ◽  
Benito J. Mariñas ◽  
Vernon L. Snoeyink ◽  
Carlos Campos
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Trace Organic Compounds ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Trace Organic

The Tempo and mode(S) of Prebiotic Evolution

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 419-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Lazcano
Keyword(s):  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
The Origin Of Life

AbstractDifferent current ideas on the origin of life are critically examined. Comparison of the now fashionable FeS/H2S pyrite-based autotrophic theory of the origin of life with the heterotrophic viewpoint suggest that the later is still the most fertile explanation for the emergence of life. However, the theory of chemical evolution and heterotrophic origins of life requires major updating, which should include the abandonment of the idea that the appearance of life was a slow process involving billions of years. Stability of organic compounds and the genetics of bacteria suggest that the origin and early diversification of life took place in a time period of the order of 10 million years. Current evidence suggest that the abiotic synthesis of organic compounds may be a widespread phenomenon in the Galaxy and may have a deterministic nature. However, the history of the biosphere does not exhibits any obvious trend towards greater complexity or «higher» forms of life. Therefore, the role of contingency in biological evolution should not be understimated in the discussions of the possibilities of life in the Universe.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document